以Al和Zr的金属盐为前驱物、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,通过直接水热法制备了不同n(Si)/n(M)(M=Al、Zr或Al-Zr)的催化剂M-SBA-15.通过X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、吡啶红外光谱等手段对制备样品进行了表征,并将其用于催化苯酚、甲醛的羟烷基化反应中合成双酚F.结果表明:Al和Zr原子成功掺杂到SBA-15的骨架中,并且在M-SBA-15上同时存在Brønsted酸和Lewis酸位点;当n(Si)/n(M)为20时,催化效果最好,双酚F的收率达到82.4%,此外,可以通过调控原料中的n(Al)/n(Zr),调节4,4'-,2,4'-,2,2'-双酚F含量;最后,提出了M-SBA-15催化合成双酚F的可能反应机理.

以水性羟丙树脂和改性水玻璃为成膜基料,搭配多种颜填料与助剂制备了一款性能优异的水性金属防腐涂料,重点探讨了成膜物质、防锈填料、颜料体积浓度(P V C)和涂膜厚度对涂层性能的影响.研究结果表明:当水玻璃与羟丙树脂的质量比为1︰4,云母氧化铁与复合防锈颜料E的质量比为1︰1且占填料总用量的50％～60％,颜料体积浓度(P V C)达到30％～35％,涂层厚度约为150μm时,所制复合水性金属防腐涂料具备最佳综合性能.

作为现代职业教育体系中的重要办学模式,现代学徒制是深化产教融合和促进校企合作的有效途径,得到了全国各级教育部门和职业院校的高度重视.学院精准聚焦湖南省涂料产业对技能人才的迫切需求,以精细化工专业先行试点,探索现代学徒制,通过深入剖析在具体实践过程中存在的企业热情不高、学生兴趣不浓、管理制度缺失、师资力量薄弱、课程体系落后等系列问题,找准问题的症结和成因,进而有针对性地提出了有效的对策和改进措施,以期为其他高职院校实施现代学徒制提供有价值的参考和借鉴.

将硅烷偶联剂KH560 作为改性介质,采用化学接枝法在KH560 与玻璃鳞片(GF)的质量比分别为1∶1、3∶1 和5∶1的条件下合成了KH560/GF、3KH560/GF和 5KH560/GF三种表面改性玻璃鳞片.红外光谱和扫描电镜的测试结果表明KH560 发生水解缩合并与玻璃鳞片表面的活性羟基共价键合,硅烷低聚物沉积到玻璃鳞片表面形成包覆层.再以改性玻璃鳞片为防腐填料,搭配环氧乳液、颜填料和各类助剂研制了一款性能优异的双组分水性环氧防腐涂料,探讨了水性环氧树脂种类、树脂与固化剂的质量比、改性玻璃鳞片种类及其用量对漆膜性能的影响.实验结果表明:当选用环氧乳液2060和固化剂725且其质量比为5∶1,3KH560/GF在防锈体系中的质量分数为60％时,所制涂层综合性能最佳,耐中性盐雾时间可达720 h.

作为我国现代职业教育体系建设的研究热点,现代学徒制是职业院校精准对接区域产业发展需求,通过校企双元主体育人,高效推进人才培养供给侧改革的重要举措.我校以精细化工专业先行试点,主动对接湖南省涂料产业.总结分析本专业现代学徒制实践中存在的关键问题,探索实施"一体两翼,三环四岗,五共六融"现代学徒制人才培养模式,挖掘出一条培育高素质涂料行业技能人才的新路径,能为其他高职院校开展现代学徒制提供可以借鉴的实践思路和经验做法.

制定科学化、标准化的专业教学标准,是高等职业教育人才培养质量的保证.文章分析了校企供需现状,梳理了高分子材料智能制造技术专业的职业岗位能力,构建行、校、企多方联动的对接职业能力标准和课证融通及湖湘特色融合的"三层两贯穿"模块化课程体系,推进职业能力培养层层递进.以国家职业教育标准为蓝本,深入落实产教融合,深度对接服务区域经济发展,建设基于职业能力的湖湘特色高分子材料智能制造技术专业教学标准,为专业教学的实施提供科学依据.

通过分子设计将二氨基马来腈配合物、双噻吩咔唑引入到聚合物分子主链上,构成一种新型的含过渡金属配合物的新型聚合物,通过核磁共振氢谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、紫外吸收和荧光发射光谱、循环伏安测试研究了新型聚合金属配合物的化学结构、光学性能.结果表明,以二氨基马来腈配合物为受体材料,双噻吩咔唑为给体材料的新型聚合金属配合物所制备的光伏器件得到光电转换效率(PCE)分别为2.14％、1.65％,同时表现出良好的耐热性能.

Herein, this paper perhaps reports for the first time that a series of glass fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) composites (GRPBS) using the flame-retardant system composed of aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) and melamine cyanurate (MC) are fabricated by melt blending method. When the composite is loaded of 20 wt% AHP/MC with mass ratio about 2:1, it achieves UL-94 V-0 rating with the value of limited oxygen index (LOI) significantly increasing to 30%. Meanwhile, the thermo-gravimetric analysis also well proves that the composite can produce more char residues because of the addition of AHP, however, its thermal stability would slightly decreases. In addition, the results obtained from micro-scale combustion calorimetry testing reveal that total heat release and peak of heat release rate for GRPBS composites combined with AHP and MC both significantly reduce, and the similar results are easily found in cone calorimeter testing. Additionally, the residues after LOI testing are further investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy, which definitely confirm the formation of the compact char layer with crater-like structure. Mechanism analysis indicates the significant enhancement of flame-retardant efficiency principally benefits from the cooperative work dominated by AHP and MC.

采用碱性水解法从皮革废屑中提取胶原蛋白(HC),以丙烯酰胺(AM)、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为改性单体,设计合成了HC-g-PAM、HC-g-PDMC和HC-g-P(DMC+AM)三种胶原基絮凝剂.利用核磁共振仪、扫描电镜以及电位分析仪对接枝产物的结构与性能进行表征,以甲基橙(MO)溶液模拟印染废水作为目标污染物,探究合成参数与絮凝条件对脱色性能的影响.结果表明:胶原基絮凝剂具有疏松、粗糙和多孔化的蜂窝状表面结构,正电荷密度显著增强;絮凝剂最佳投放量为40～60 mg/L,降低pH、减小NaCl浓度及控制废水温度在20℃左右有利于提高絮凝效果,HC-g-P(DMC+AM)的絮凝能力最强,其对MO溶液的脱色率最高可达91.3％.

为了开发新的银离子(Ag+)荧光探针,实现高选择、高灵敏、可重复的银离子检测,通过在六氮杂苯并菲分子骨架外围对称性地引入六个呋喃基团,成功合成了一种结构新颖的化合物1,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析、核磁滴定和Job's实验等证实了化合物1能够在氯仿溶液中选择性地与银离子形成络合物(量比n(Ag+):n(化合物1)为3:2)并产生荧光淬灭现象,进而实现对银离子的高灵敏性识别(检测限可达3.35×10-6 mol·L-1),结果表明,六氮杂苯并菲呋喃衍生物分子的构筑将有利于新型银离子传感器的开发,并在环境检测等领域具有潜在应用价值.

以过碘酸钠为氧化聚合诱导剂,在微酸性条件下(pH=5.0)合成了聚多巴胺修饰的分子筛载体.采用环己烷-水双溶剂法,制备了聚多巴胺修饰的SBA-15负载钌催化剂,并对催化剂进行了表征.实验结果表明,聚多巴胺能显著提高催化剂的亲水性,修饰后的催化剂在苯部分加氢反应中表现出高环己烯选择性;采用该催化剂,苯转化率为63.2％时,环己烯收率可达51.8％;聚多巴胺的引入不会影响SBA-15长程有序的介孔结构,催化剂具有适中的比表面积和良好的钌分散度.

采用共沉淀法制备了苯基次膦酸铝(AlP)并对其进行表征.在此基础上,通过熔融共混法制备了一系列聚乳酸/苯基次膦酸铝(PLA/AlP)复合材料,采用热重分析(TG)、极限氧指数测试(LOI)、UL 94垂直燃烧测试、微型量热测试研究AlP对复合材料热稳定性、阻燃性能、燃烧性能的影响.结果表明,AlP可以有效提高PLA/AlP复合材料的阻燃性能,当AlP含量为30％(质量分数,下同)时,PLA/AlP30的极限氧指数达到25.6％,并达到UL 94为Ⅴ-0级;AlP可以提高PLA/AlP复合材料初始分解温度和成炭性;PLA/AlP复合材料的热释放速率峰值和总热释放随着AlP添加量增大呈现先增高再下降的趋势.

A series of novel cationic flocculants are designed and synthesized successfully by grafting two monomers onto the collagen backbone, namely acrylamide (AM) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC). Apparently, these effective grafting modifications are well demonstrated by adopting FTIR and H-1 NMR measurements, which could be used to estimate grafting ratios of corresponding monomers approximately. Additionally, significant improvements in positive charge densities and amorphous aggregation structures are also definitely confirmed by Zeta and XRD measurements, respectively. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis clearly proves the formation of cationic branched chain architectures, whose maximum thermal degradation temperature would significantly decrease with the introduction of AM. In addition, much more porous and rougher surface structures could be visibly observed after successful grafting modifications. Furthermore, when the feeding weight ratio between collagen and DMC is controlled at 1:3, or the equal amounts of AM and DMC are introduced meanwhile the mass ratio between collagen and mixed monomers (DMC+AM) is fixed at 1:4, the samples acquired could both perform the best in decolorizing the model wastewater containing methyl orange (MO) dyes in their groups, and hereby, a corresponding flocculation mechanism is also proposed based on the structural analysis of the formed flocs. (C) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

采用回收聚酯饮料瓶片(R-PET)为主要原材料,以乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(E-MA-GMA)为增容剂,将硅烷偶联荆KH560处理后的中空玻璃微珠(HGM)与R-PET/PC/E-MA-GMA(70/30/10)在双螺杆挤出机中熔融共混制备复合泡沫材料.通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热、表观密度、极限氧指数、导热系数和力学性能测试,考察了0～50 phr HGM对复合泡沫材料性能的影响.研究结果表明,HGM改性成功并与基体紧密结合.HGM的加入使R-PET的结晶性下降,拉伸强度和冲击强度降低,但是所得的复合泡沫材料的表观密度减小,最小达到0.729 g/cm3,基体的隔热性提高,导热系数减小到0.089 W/(m·K),燃烧过程熔融滴落现象得到改善.

The water-based dispersion of fine leather fibers (FLF) was firstly prepared in our laboratory by high pressure homogenization. The solution casting method of water-based dispersion of FLF and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used to fabricate the composite films. In this study, the influences of FLF content on the structures and properties of resulting composites were investigated systematically. Experimental results showed that there was an obvious small size effect of FLF in the composite films. Esterification and etherification reactions between FLF and PVA were confirmed by FTIR analysis; XRD and DSC analyses showed that FLF had the nucleation effect on PVA. The micrograph of SEM revealed that composite film with 40 wt% FLF content had compact internal structure and vague interface, and its value of tensile strength could reach maximum 51.8 MPa. Besides, TGA test showed that the thermal stability of composite films with FLF content beyond 30 wt% were much greater than that of PVA at temperature above 350°C. Moreover, composite films were deprived of hydrophilicity to a certain extent and the antibacterial rate of composite films with 40 wt% and 60 wt% FLF content were more than 90% totally. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1186–1194, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

A unique organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite was designed and synthesized by chemically anchoring the cationic collagen-based derivatives onto the surface of Fe3+/TiO2 nanospheres for the significant enhancement in photocatalytic activity under the visible light irradiation. The NMR analysis suggested the successful fabrication of cationic collagen-g-PDMC as grafted materials. In addition, the chemical structures, morphologies and properties of these samples were systematically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, ultra violet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL). And obtained results clearly demonstrated that Fe3+ ions diffusing into TiO2 lattice could be responsible for slightly reducing the average diameter of nanospheres to about 125 nm, promoting phase transition from anatase to rutile to some extent and extending the light harvesting range into visible region markedly. Meanwhile, the achievement that collagen-g-PDMC molecules had been covalently immobilized onto the surface of Fe3+/TiO2 nanoparticles was also well supported by the information acquired. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities of all the as-prepared products were carefully evaluated by adopting photocatalytic decoloration of methyl orange (MO) solution under the solar direct irradiation, and the sample CFT-3 performed the best in the photocatalytic degradation process, which was mainly attributed to the energetic synergistic effect brought about by Fe3+ ions doping and collagen-g-PDMC molecules immobilized on the surface. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The water-based dispersion of ultrafine leather fibres was firstly prepared in the authors' laboratory by high-pressure homogenisation. The hybridisation method of ultrafine leather fibres and SiO2 particles was used to eliminate the serious agglomeration of ultrafine leather fibres, and finally the dry hybrid leather powder (HLP) was obtained successfully. The morphology of the HLP was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The micrograph of SEM revealed that the leather fibres were coated with a layer of scattered SiO2 particles and still maintained their intrinsic fibrous structures. Surface element analysis (energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry) confirmed that the SiO2 particles were anchored on the surface of the leather fibres. Furthermore, the formation of bonding effect between the leather fibres and the SiO2 particles was also demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry measurement. The obtained leather fibres were observed to be approximately less than 30 m in length and 70 nm in width. X-ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were also used to investigate the characterisation of ultrafine leather powders, and one of the results showed that the HLP had greater thermal stability than leather shavings.

ABSTRACTThis is probably the first report on the synthesis of a series of novel collagen‐based flocculants (CP11, CP12, and CP13) by grafting polyacrylamide (PAM) chains onto the collagen backbone, which was directly extracted from leather shavings via alkali hydrolysis. The results from FTIR, XRD, 1H NMR, and TGA well supported that PAM chains had been successfully grafted onto collagen backbone. In addition, the micrographs of SEM revealed that the PAM grafted collagen possessed much more porous and looser surface structures in comparison with virgin collagen. Zeta potential measurement showed that the introduction of branched PAM chains helped to improve the positively charge density. Furthermore, CP12 performed the best in the kaolin flocculation with the highest flocculation rate about 24%·min−1 and could induce the generation of much larger and denser floccs for the fast settling of kaolin particles. The corresponding flocculation mechanism was also presented by analyzing the collected flocs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41556.

The waterbased extra-thin fire-retardant coating was prepared by using acrylic latex as film-former,and pentaerythritol(PER)、melamine(MEL)、ammonium polyphosphate(APP) as well as inorganic filler for increasing strength as flame retardant system.The fireproof performance of the fire-retardant coating was studied by simulated large plate burning method.The effects of latex types,P/B ratio and inorganic fillers on the fire-resistant properties of fire-retardant coating was investigated systematically,and the optimal content of inorganic filler was determined.The results showed that when acrylic-silicone latex was used as binder,P/B 3.5 and the content of perlite 7%,the fire retardant time could reach 128.7 min with 1.8 mm of film thickness.The perlite played an important part in the synergistic effect with the formation of carbon layer,which greatly improved the strength of carbon layer,and showed excellent heat insulation effect.