Sulphamic Acid (SA) and methyl orange, methylene blue, Nile blue, crystal violet and trypan blue dye doped Sulphamic Acid single crystals were grown using slow evaporation solution growth method to tune the structural, optical and mechanical properties of the crystal. The theoretical morphology of the grown pure and dye-doped crystals was drawn using Bravais–Friedel–Donnay–Harker (BFDH) law. Morphological changes have been observed in SA crystal when doped with selected dyes. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the dye-doped SA crystals have been analyzed and the shift in the peak position has been identified. The slight variations in the unit cell parameters of dye-doped SA crystals have been observed. The transparency of the pure SA and dye-doped SA crystals is suited for optical applications. Micro-hardness study reveals that hardness value increased with an increase in load for all pure and dye-doped crystals. The dielectric and photoluminescence studies of pure and doped crystals were analyzed. The photoluminescence study indicated that doping causes a small shift in peak location, as well as changes in peak intensities.

2-{2-(4-Diethylamino-phenyl)-vinyl}-1-methyl-pyridinium-tetrafluoroborate(DAPVMPTFB) organic non linear optical (NLO) crystals are grown by slow evaporation method and analyzed for XRD, carbon hydrogen nitrogen sulphur and oxygen (CHNSO) analyzer, computational, influx and dielectric studies. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated the lattice parameters (a-7.8969 angstrom, b-20.4867 angstrom, c-11.1989 angstrom, alpha = gamma as 90 degrees and beta as 92.407 degrees). The chemical formula of the as-synthesized crystal is C18H23BF4N2. The presences of elements are identified theoretically and experimentally. The surface roughness of as-prepared crystal was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) image analysis. The NLO is 1.15 times higher than the referenced KDP specimen due to strong H atoms of 23 in the specimen. The macro influx for filters is 4.7371 mu m; the structural parameters, as well as energy, interactions and Halosian with dotted effect, molecular potential, interactions, internal in addition to the external fields, shape indexing; curvedness; fragmented patching; finger print region by computational based Hirshfeld analysis (HFA), are well portrayed using the software. The dielectric utility is mainly for industries in manufacturing semiconductors. The Oak Ridge Thermal Ellipsoid Plot (ORTEP) diagram portrays the grown crystalline structural portrayal as well as the supercell effect for special volume unit cells by software.

Diethyl 3,3′-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl) methylidene]bis(1H-indole-2-carboxylate)-(D32DMBC) crystals are grown by slow evaporation method; the good optical quality colorless single-crystalline materials of the title compound were acquired with 93% yield. The crystals are subjected to XRD, NLO-SHG, UV–Vis, FTIR, thermal, dielectric and also the computational studies, respectively. The XRD study confirms the monoclinic nature of the specimen, the FTIR spectrum gives the functional groups in the D32BMBC crystals and the cut-off wavelength as observed from the absorption spectrum is 340 nm; the bandgap is found to be 3.65 eV for D32DMBC from the Tauc’s plot and also is 1.15 times of SHG effectiveness than that of KDP. The D32DMBC crystal can retain quality up to 145 °C and can be designed for NLO applications. The very high value of εr of D32BMBC at lower frequencies is due to the space charge polarization and also computational representation of the sample is studied and reported.

As the BHBA large-scale and nano crystals are having substantial import on opto-electronic claims, phase counter parting, occurrence matching and power transmission and other sorts of utilities in bio and with pharmacy fields, to develop and study the special functions like nano tribological factors and other utilities. Macro crystals have smallest amount relevances by assessment dissimilarity to nano outline of BHBA prepared by milling concert. The nano form of BHBA crystals are of 25 nm respectively, the XRD data discloses the macro crystals are having the formula C7H5BrO3 are of a = 3.7979 angstrom, b = 10.5566 angstrom, c = 18.0366 angstrom, beta = 90.209 degrees, monoclinic with space group P2(1)/n, the macro level NLO is 1.95 times higher than that of standard KDP. Here, both the macro and nano crystals are undergone with filter and tribological studies and reported, BHBA are best for electronic filters and for frequency doublers based on their macro level NLO-SHG efficiency. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ZnCdS thin films were prepared by varying the concentration of Zinc (Zn) in the presence of complexing agent, tri-ethanol amine (TEA) and deposited on a glass substrate by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The influence of Zn on structural, optical and morphological properties of ZnCdS thin films was studied. From the x-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), the hexagonal structure of ZnCdS thin films was confirmed with an average size of the crystallite (30–36 nm). The optical properties of ZnCdS thin film were investigated using UV–visible absorption and photoluminescence spectral analysis (UV-Vis and PL). The optical studies of thin films indicated that the band gap increased from 1.85 eV to 2.81 eV with increasing the concentration of Zn. Transmission spectra showed a blue shift with increasing the concentration of Zn. The microstructure and morphology of ZnCdS thin films were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average (Ra) and RMS roughness was calculated by atomic force microscope (AFM). From the results, the nano ZnCdS thin films prepared using various concentrations of Zn could be useful for optoelectronic and device applications.

CPDMDHHBPHHD nano crystals are having enormous opto-electronic application, phase matching, frequency matching and power transmission and other utilities. Macro crystals have least applications by value compared to nano form of CPDMDHHBPHHD prepared by milling technique. The nano form of CPDMDHHBPHHD crystals are of 228 nm, 52 nm, 43 nm, 34 nm, 25 nm and 16 nm respectively, the XRD data reveals the macro crystals are having the formula C17H17ClO3 are of a = 11.9005 angstrom, b = 5.7971 angstrom, c = 22.608 angstrom, beta = 93.97 degrees, monoclinic with space group P2(1/n), the macro level NLO is 1.25 times than that of standard KDP. Here both the macro and nano crystals are undergone with anti-diabetic activity and nano form quite suitable for drug based on the values. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ZnCdS thin film has been formed by chemical bath deposition using Leishman stain and complexing agent. The synthesized thin film was characterized using x-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The x-ray diffraction pattern revealed cubic and hexagonal crystalline phases in the thin film. The morphological and topographical parameters were confirmed by SEM and AFM. The properties of the thin film were found to change due to the growth mechanism with the element ratios Zn/Cd and Zn/CdS depending on the complexing agent. The bandgap values obtained for the thin films were 2.42 eV, 2.43 eV, and 2.92 eV.

Drug nano crystals act as an uninterrupted ensuing tool in the emerging domain of pharmaceutical nano technology. Nano crystals boost up the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. Nano crystals are built up of 100% of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with the absence of carrier material as in polymeric nano particles. Barium para nitro phenolate crystals are harvested by solution growth technique and their size converted from macro to nano by top down approach of ball milling method. BPNP crystal undergoes analysation to detect their phase identification which will be succeeded by single XRD for macro crystals and powder XRD for nano crystals (21 nm). The result shows anti-diabetic range is higher for macro crystals when it is comparable to nano crystals. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Crystals are anisotropic in nature and LAF crystals are of second order NLO with orthorhombic in nature and have good NLO coefficient. The LAF crystal is grown and which is subjected to 1.SXRD study 2. Influx measurements 3. AC conductivity study 4.DC conductivity study and reported to measure the Influx behaviour and activation energy of LAF crystals.

The present investigation is focused on the macro and nanocrystals of 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-2,5(3H,6H)-dione (CPDMDHHBPHHD), its synthesis, and the various characterization and comparative studies performed to assess its applications. Nanocrystals were prepared by milling procedure and its evaluation and utility than macro-sized entitled crystals were thoroughly discussed. The single crystal XRD study reveals the macro-crystalline lattice parameters with the empirical formula as C17H17ClO3 and a = 11.9005 Å, b = 5.7971 Å, c = 22.608 Å and β = 93.97°. The crystal system is monoclinic with space group P21/n. The nanoform of entitled crystals specimen are of 16 nm of size. Characterization studies for macro- and nano-scaling such as dielectric, fluorescence (FL), photoconductivity, tribological study, and nano influx for filters were performed and reported. From the present study, it could be concluded that CPDMDHHBPHHD crystals are known to be best for electronic filters, frequency doubling circuits, second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency, and nano level influx value which is useful for opto-electronic applications.

As the LAT macro and nano crystals are having massive brunt on opto-electronic applications, stage matching, frequency matching and power transmission and other sorts of utilities in bio and with pharmacy fields, it is the scope of the physicists and electronic peers to develop and study the special functions like nano tribological factors and other utilities. Macro crystals have smallest amount relevances by estimation dissimilarity to nano silhouette of LAT prepared by milling performance. The nano form of LAT crystals are of 20 nm respectively, the XRD data reveals the macro crystals are having the formula C7H13NO8 are of a = 5.1446 angstrom, b = 13.721 degrees, c = 7.4750 angstrom, beta = 98.09 degrees, monoclinic with space group P2(1), the macro level NLO is 1.2 times higher than that of typical KDP. Here, both the macro and nano crystals are undergone with filter, fluorescence and tribological studies and reported, LAT are best for electronic filters and for frequency doublers based on their macro level NLO-SHG efficiency. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The nonlinear optical single crystal of Cobalt (II) sulfate heptahydrate and sulphamic acid doped ADP has been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The powder X-Ray diffraction studies confirmed the grown crystal. The functional group present in the grown crystal was analyzed by FT-IR studies. The thermal and optical behaviors of the grown crystal were studied as function of frequency. SEM analysis was employed to study the surface morphology of the grown crystal. The NLO property of the crystal was tested by Nd:YAG laser.

A good optical quality Meta Nitroaniline (mNA) single crystal was grown by slow evaporation method at room temperature. The grown crystals have been subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the unit cell dimensions. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra have been recorded in the range 4000-400 cm-1. UV-Vis spectrum shows that the grown crystals have wide optical transparency in the entire visible region. The optical energy band gap of the grown crystal is found to be 4.3 eV. This high value of band gap energy and the lower cut-off wavelength of the crystal assert the suitability of the crystal for photonic and optical applications. The grown crystals were subjected to other characterizations such as microhardness, thermal and NLO studies and the results are discussed in detail.

An L-leucine hydriodide semiorganic crystal has been synthesized and grown by a slow evaporation technique. The lattice parameters of the grown crystal have been confirmed using single-crystal x-ray diffractometry. Various functional groups present in the crystal were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectral) assessment. The optical transmission percentage of the crystal was ascertained by UV-vis-near-infrared (NIR) studies. The thermal stability of the crystal was determined by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis curves. The mechanical behavior of the crystal was studied using the Vicker's microhardness analysis. The dielectric properties of the crystal have been investigated for varying temperatures. The second-harmonic generation efficiency was measured by the Kurtz and Perry powder technique and the efficiency is comparable to that of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate.

An amino acid based semiorganic nonlinear optical family single crystal of l-leucinium perchlorate (LLPCl) was grown by the solvent evaporation method at ambient temperature. Good optical quality single crystals up to a size of 6mm×5mm×3mm were obtained. The single-crystal XRD analysis shows that the grown crystals have a monoclinic structure. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis and UV–vis spectral studies were also carried out. Microhardness mechanical studies show that the hardness number (Hv) of a LLPCl single crystal decreases with the load as measured by the Vickers microhardness method. The dielectric properties of the grown crystal were analysed by varying the frequency. Photoconductivity analysis gives the variation of the photocurrent and dark current. The nonlinear optical properties were studied using the Kurtz and Perry powder method and the second harmonic generation efficiency was found to be 2.6 times higher than that of KDP crystals.

Single crystals of L-Leucinium Oxalate (LLO), an organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material have been successfully grown by slow solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystal was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The optical properties of the grown crystals have been investigated by using UV-Vis-NIR spectrum. The thermal stability of the grown crystal has been investigated using thermo gravimetric analysis. The field dependence of dark and photo current of LLO were reported. The response of dielectric constant in the frequency region of 50 Hz to 5 MHz has been investigated. The second harmonic generation (SHG) in the sample was confirmed and compared with KDP by Kurtz powder technique.