The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of bio-enhancers namely panchagavya, jeevamrut, beejamrut and cow urine on vegetative parameters of brinjal. The experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh during the years 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. A total of seventeen treatments were included, comprising different concentrations of Panchagavya (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%), Beejamrut (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%), Jeevamrut (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) and cow urine (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%), along with a control treatment (distilled water). The bio-enhancers were applied as foliar spray at three different growth stages i.e. 30, 40 & 75 days after transplanting. Among all the treatments, maximum plant height (86.65 cm), number of branches per plant (6.11), number of leaves per plant (95.92), leaf length (14.17 cm), leaf width (6.79 cm) fresh weight of plant (1089.05g) and dry weight of plant (185.13g) were rescored under foliar application of Panchagavya @ 4%. However maximum stem diameter (1.88 cm), and root length (57.92 cm) were noted with the foliar spray of Jeevamrut 8%. Beejamrut and cow urine foliar spray were also found significant to enhance vegetative growth of brinjal as compared to control treatment in the study. In contrast, the control treatment (distilled water) showed the minimum vegetative growth.

A field experiment was carried out to study the impact of integrated nutrient management on biochemical parameters of onion (Allium cepa L) cv. Pusa Red. The field experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.) India, during the years 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with fourteen treatments and three replications. Based on the experimental study, it is clearly indicated that application of 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 12.5 q/ha + Azospirillum @ 5 kg/ha gave the better effect on biochemical character (total soluble solids, nitrogen content in bulb, phosphorus content in bulb and potassium content in bulb). The maximum total soluble solids (12.82 oB), nitrogen content in bulb (1.86 %), phosphorus content in bulb (0.91 %) and potassium content in bulb (2.84 %) were recorded with the application of 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 12.5 q/ha + Azospirillum @ 5 kg/ha. However, maximum chlorophyll in leaf (0.115 mg/m2), chlorophyll ‘a’ in leaf (0.076 mg/m2) and chlorophyll ‘b’ in leaf (0.038 mg/m2) were recorded under 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 25 q/ha + Azotobacter @ 5 kg/ha.

A field experiment was conducted under the title of Impact of integrated nutrient management on yield parameters of turnip (Brassica rapa L.) cv. Purple Top White Globe under Western Uttar Pradesh conditions at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Ch. Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut (U.P.) India, during the year 2018 – 2019. The treatments involved in the study were eight in numbers viz. T1 Control (No fertilizers), T2 (RDF 120 : 60 : 60:: N:P:K Kg/ha), T3 (Farm yard manure @ 24 tonnes/ha ), T4 (Vermicompost @ 6 tonnes/ha), T5 (75%RDF + Farm yard manure @ 6 tonnes/ha), T6 (75%RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.5 tonnes/ha), T7 (50%RDF + Farm yard manure @ 12 tonnes/ha), T8 (50%RDF + Vermicompost @ 3 tonnes/ha). The experimental field was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The soil of the experimental field was well drained, sandy loam having good moisture and heat absorbing capacity. Results revealed that maximum root length (18.06 cm.), root diameter (6.42), root weight (191.30 g) and root yield (277.84) were recorded under the 50%RDF + Vermicompost @ 3 tonnes/ha as compared to all other treatments

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the important vegetables crop grown worldwide due to its use in a number of dishes and high nutritive value. Most of the vegetables are consumed in fresh conditions but indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers of pesticides in crop production leads toxic effect in produce which may cause various kinds of health hazards. Hence there is need to produce food free of contaminants through the use of organic inputs. Viewing these facts, a field experiment was conducted during the 2021-22 to analyze the effect of organic manures on vegetative growth and flowering of tomato cv. Pusa Ruby. Farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost and poultry manures were applied as sole and in combinations to analyze the effect of different organic manures. The treatments applied for the research purpose were seven in number that is T1 (Control), T2 (FYM 24.0 t/ha), T3 (Vermicompost 6.0 t/ha), T4 (Poultry manure 2.0 t/ha), T5 (FYM 12.0 t/ha + Vermicompost 3.0 t/ha), T6 (FYM 12.0 t/ha + Poultry manure 1.0 t/ha), T7 (Vermicompost 3.0 t/ha + Poultry manure 1.0 t/ha). The present investigation clearly indicate that combined soil application of Vermicompost 3.0 t/ha + Poultry manure 1.0 t/ha (T7) gave the better effect on vegetative parameters viz. plant height (85.03 cm), number of branches per plant (8.4), number of leaves per plant (41.77), number of flowers per cluster (12.3) as compared to all other treatments. However, FYM and Poultry manure also significantly increase vegetative growth of tomato.

The present investigation was carried out to study the response of integrated nutrient management on quality parameters of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) CV. Pusa KTS-1. The field experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Ch. Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut (U.P) India, during the years 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design. The treatments involved in the study were twelve in numbers i.e. T1 (Control), T2 (RDF 150:100:100 N.P.K), T3 (Azospirillum @ 5 kg), T4 (VC @ 10 t/ha), T5 (80% NPK + Azospirillum @ 1 kg), T6 (60% NPK + 2t/ha VC + Azospirillum @ 1 kg), T7 (60% NPK + Azospirillum @ 2 kg), T8 (60% NPK + 4 t/ha VC), T9 (40% NPK + Azospirillum @ 3 kg), T10 (30% NPK + 7t/ha VC), T11 (20% NPK + Azospirillum @ 4 kg), T12 (20% NPK + 8t/ha VC). The investigation indicated that a judicious combination of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizer i.e. 60% NPK + 2t/ha VC + Azospirillum @ 1 kg gave the maximum vitamin A (2452.07 IU) and protein content (3.53 %). Maximum vitamin C (98.28 mg/100g) was recorded under soil application of 60 % NPK + 4 t/ha Vermicompost which was found statistically at par with the treatments 60% NPK + Azospirillum @ 2 kg and 60% NPK + 2t/ha VC + Azospirillum @ 1 kg. However, the minimum vitamin A content (2369.24 IU), vitamin C value (51.79 mg/100g) and protein content (2.58 %) was observed under control treatment during two consecutive years of experimentation.

An experiment was conducted in the laboratory of department of Horticulture, Ch. Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut (U.P.) India, during October 2020 under the title of effect of chemical preservatives on vase life of cut rose cv. Top Secret. The treatments involved in the study were nine in numbers viz. T1 Control (distilled water), T2 (Al2SO4 @ 100ppm + 1% sucrose), T3 (Al2SO4 @ 200ppm + 2% sucrose), T4 (Al2SO4 @ 100ppm + 4% glucose), T5 (Al2SO4 @ 200ppm + 6% glucose), T6 (AgNO3 @ 50ppm + 1% sucrose), T7 (AgNO3 @ 100ppm + 2% sucrose), T8 (AgNO3 @ 50ppm + 4% glucose) and T9 (AgNO3 @ 100ppm + 6% glucose). Parameters studied in the experiment were fresh weight change (g), water uptake (ml/cut stem), flower diameter (cm) and vase life (days). Among all the preservatives, the maximum increase in fresh weight (+3.63 g) and maximum water uptake on 4th day and at senescence day (18 ml and 40.33 ml respectively) were recorded under the AgNO3 @50 ppm+1% sucrose while The maximum flower diameter (7.26 cm) and vase life (11.33 days) were recorded under the AgNO3@100ppm + 6% glucose as compared to other treatments.

A field experiment was conducted under the title of “Effect of plant bioregulators on yield parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Arka Anamika” at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Campus, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh India, during the year 2019. The treatments involved in the study were ten in numbers viz. T1 (Control distilled water), T2 (NAA @ 50 ppm), T3 (NAA @ 100 ppm), T4 (NAA @ 150 ppm), T5 (IAA @ 50 ppm), T6 (IAA @ 100 ppm), T7 (IAA @ 150 ppm), T8 (GA3 @ 50 ppm), T9 (GA3 @ 100 ppm) and T10 (GA3 @ 150 ppm). The experimental field was laid out in Randomized Block Design. The soil of the experimental field was well drained, sandy loam, having good moisture and heat absorbing capacity. All the yield parameters were significantly influenced by the foliar application of plant bioregulators. Results revealed that among all the treatments of yield parameters viz. minimum days to 50 % flowering (41.00) and maximum number of flowers per plant (27.20), number of fruits per plant (23.58), fruit set per cent (86.69), fruit length (14.98 cm), fruit diameter (1.55 cm), fresh weight of fruit (14.76 g) and fruit yield (159.11q/ha) were recorded under the foliar application GA3 @ 150 ppm as compared to other treatments.

A field experiment was carried out during 2019-20 and 2020-21 at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut (U.P) to find out the response of integrated nutrient management on economics of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) CV. Pusa KTS-1. In the study total number of twelve treatments were used i.e. T1 (Control), T2 (RDF 150: 100: 100 N.P.K), T3 (Azospirillum @ 5 kg), T4 (VC @ 10 t/ha), T5 (80% NPK + Azospirillum @ 1 kg), T6 (60% NPK + 2t/ha VC + Azospirillum @ 1 kg), T7 (60% NPK + Azospirillum @ 2 kg), T8 (60% NPK + 4 t/ha VC), T9 (40% NPK + Azospirillum @ 3 kg), T10 (30% NPK + 7t/ha VC), T11 (20% NPK + Azospirillum @ 4 kg), T12 (20% NPK + 8t/ha VC). All treatments were randomly distributed among the plots and uniformly replicated three times. Results indicated that maximum mean value of gross income Rs. 573615, net income Rs. 398860.5 and B: C ratio 3.27 were recorded under 60% NPK + 2t/ha VC + Azospirillum @ 1kg. However, the control treatment showed minimum values in term of all economic parameters.

A field experiment was conducted during the year 2019 on okra cv. Arka Anamika to ascertain the effect of different plant bioregulators on growth and yield parameters. The field experiment was carried out at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Campus, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.The experimental field was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) and replicated three times. The treatments involved in the study were ten in numbers viz. T1 Control (distilled water), T2 (NAA @ 50 ppm), T3 (NAA @ 100 ppm), T4 (NAA @ 150 ppm), T5 (IAA @ 50 ppm), T6(IAA @ 100 ppm), T7(IAA @ 150 ppm), T8(GA3 @ 50 ppm), T9(GA3 @ 100 ppm) and T10(GA3 @ 150 ppm). All variables parameters regarding growth attributes weresignificantly influenced by foliar application of different plant bioregulators. Results revealed that among all the treatments, the foliar application of GA3 @ 150 ppm gave the better effect on vegetative parameters viz. plant height (146.56 cm), leaf length (16.90 cm), leaf width (17.10 cm), root length (31.66 cm), number of leaves per plant (28.46), number of branches per plant (4.80), number of nodes main stem per plant (31.30), fresh weight of plant (342.33 g), dry weight of plant (100.33 g), fruit yield (159.11q/ha) as compared to other treatments.However, maximum root length (31.66 cm) was recorded under the foliar application of IAA @ 150 ppm.

The present experimental work was conducted during the year 2018-19 on turnip cv. Purple Top White Globe to ascertain the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth parameters. The field experiment was conducted at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Campus, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The experimental field was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) and replicated three times. The treatments involved in the study were eight in numbers i.e. T1 Control (No fertilizers), T2 (RDF (120 : 60 : 60) NPK Kg/ha), T3 (Farm yard manure @ 24 tonnes/ha ), T4 ( Vermicompost @ 6 tonnes/ha), T5 (75%RDF + Farm yard manure @ 6 tonnes/ha), T6 (75%RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.5 tonnes/ha), T7 (50%RDF + Farm yard manure @ 12 tonnes/ha), T8 (50%RDF + Vermicompost @ 3 tonnes/ha). All variable parameters regarding growth attributes were significantly influenced by various combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The present investigation results indicated that application of 50%RDF + Vermicompost @ 3 tonnes/ha gave maximum vegetative growth viz., plant height (39.95cm), number of leaves per plant (17.3), leaf length (38.49cm), fresh weight of plant with root (305.13g), dry weight of plant with root (28.20g), fresh weight of plant without root (114.15g), dry weight of plant without root (16.00g) and yield (277.84q/ha) as compared to other treatments.

field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on vegetative and yield parameters of brinjal (Solanum melongena) cv. Pant Rituraj at Crop Cafeteria, Galgotias University, Grater Noida. The experimental field was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments comprised of three organic manures viz. Farmyard Manure, Vermicompost and poultry manure in combination with two bio-fertilizers, namely Azospirillumand Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB). All variable parameters regarding vegetative and yield were significantly influenced by different combinations of organic manures and bio-fertilizers. Result indicated that a combined application of organic manure and bio-fertilizers i.e.Vermicompost (50%) + Poultry manure (50%) + Azospirillumgave the significantly better response in respect to vegetative parameters and yield parameters and maximum plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight and yield were recorded under the same treatment.

The field experiment was conducted during two consecutive years 2016-17 and 2017-18 to find out the influence of weed management practices and dates of transplanting on weed, fruit yield and profitability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agricultural and Technology, Kanpur. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with four different dates of transplanting, viz. 15 October, 31 October, 15 November and 30 November and four type of mulches, viz. black polyethylene, white polyethylene, bio-mulch (paddy straw) and control (without mulch) replicated thrice. Tomato cultivar Azad T-6 was used in experiment. Results of the experiment revealed that the minimum weed population (4.43 and 4.26/m2) and weeds fresh weight (9.52 and 9.15 g/m2) and significantly highest marketable yield (30610 and 31418 kg/ha) and net returns (` 241460.50 and 249538.00/ha) were recorded in crop transplanted on 30 October. In case of mulching, application of bio-mulch (paddy straw) recorded minimum weed population (4.88 and 4.76/m2) and weeds fresh weight (10.48 and 10.28 g/m2) and significantly highest marketable yield (29569 and 30354 kg/ha) and net returns (` 231050.50 and 238905.50/ha). Transplanting on 30 October and application of bio-mulch (paddy straw) proved to be the best treatment combination for effective weed management and enhancing productivity and profitability of tomato. Therefore, this practice may be recommended to exploit the better economic yield of tomato under central plain zone of Uttar Pradesh.

PUBLICATION INFO International Journal of Agricultural Invention (IJAI) RNI: UPENG/2016/70091 ISSN: 2456-1797 (P) Vol.: 4, Issue: 2, Pages: 185-190 Journal Homepage URL http://agriinventionjournal.com/ DOI: 10.46492/IJAI/2019.4.2.11 ABSTRACT The present study was carried out to examine the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P. during the year 2018. The field experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments involved in the study were eight in numbers i.e. T1 Control (no fertilizers), T2 (125 kg N + 50 kg P2O5 + 60 kg K2O /ha), T3 (100 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 + 48 kg K2O + 5 t FYM /ha) T4 (100 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 + 48 kg K2O + 12 q VC /ha), T5 (75 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 36 kg K2O + 10 t FYM /ha), T6 (75 kg N +30 kg P2O5 + 36 kg K2O + 24 q VC /ha), T7 (25 t FYM /ha), T8 (60 q VC /ha). All variable parameters regarding vegetative and reproductive parameters of okra were significantly influenced by integrated nutrient management practices. Soil of the experimental field was sandy loam and neutral in pH reaction. The present investigation clearly indicate that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers i.e. T6 (75 kg N +30 kg P2O5 + 36 kg K2O + 24 q VC /ha) had the better effect on growth and yield parameters viz., plant height (129.11 cm), number of nodes on main stem (19.23), fresh weight of plant (351.13 g), dry weight of plant (72.12 g), number of pods per plant (16.13), length of pod (15.80 cm) and yield (134.14 q /ha) as compared to other treatments in case of okra cv. Arka Anamika under Western Uttar Pradesh conditions. On the basis of present investigation, it may be concluded that an integrated use of organic manure with chemical fertilizer increased the growth and yield of okra than that of sole application of either chemical fertilizer or organic manures.