An anomalous effect in the near field of crossing microwave beams, which consists of an unexpected transfer of modulation from one beam to the other, has found a plausible interpretation within the framework of a locally broken Lorentz invariance. A theoretical approach of this kind deserves to be reconsidered also in the light of further experimental work, including a counter-check of the phenomenon.

In two previous papers, we described the equipment and the results of an experiment in which nuclear reactions occurred in a mole of mercury, in a condition of Local Lorentz Invariance breakdown. The elemental analyses performed after the (continued in p.2) (C) 2018 ISCMNS. All rights reserved.

A mole of Mercury was suitably treated by ultrasound in order to generate in it the same conditions of local Lorentz invariance violation that were generated in a sonicated cylindrical bar of AISI 304 steel and that are the cause of neutron emission during the sonication. After 3 min, part of the mercury turned into a solid material which turned out to contain isotopes having a different mass (higher and lower) with respect to the isotopes already present in the initial material (mercury). These transformations in the atomic weight without gamma production above the background are brought about during Deformed Space–Time reactions. We present the results of the analyses performed on samples taken from the transformation product. The analyses have been done in two groups, the first one using five different analytical techniques: ICP-OES, XRF, ESEM-EDS, ICP-MS, INAA. In the second group of analyses, we used only two techniques: INAA and ICP-MS. The second group of analyses confirmed the occurring of the transformations in mercury.

We report the results of piezo-energy emissions in the form of neutron bursts measured during the application of ultrasounds to sintered ferrite (α-Iron) and steel bars using an original experimental device. The measurements, carried out by HDS-100GN and by a Microspec2 neutron probe, confirmed neutron emission repeatability from inert iron-rich media and the absence of gamma radiation. In addition, energy spectra of neutron emission during the application of ultrasounds are shown as well. After neutron detection, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were conducted, showing semi-quantitative evidences of iron decrease and the possible occurrence of nuclear reactions of a new type in correspondence to meso-craters (burns) localized on the external surfaces of the bars. Finally, similar evidences may be observed at the Earth's crust scale where well distinguishable neutron emissions and anomalous chemical changes in correspondence to major earthquakes and micro-seismic activity may be considered to explain the significant iron depletion characterising seismic areas and the Earth's crust evolution

Deformed Space-Time (DST) transformations are the consequence of the DST reactions induced in matter by the variation in energy density, in conditions of broken Local Lorentz Invariance (LLI). Through the DST transformations, it is possible to change the atomic weight of matter without using ionizing radiations and avoiding radionuclide production. In this sense, we can call this change of atomic weight "nuclear metabarysis". These phenomena of nuclear metabarysis are associated with neutron emission. We discuss an experiment of sonication of a steel bar (carried out in Rome in 2012), and analyze the energy distribution of the emitted neutrons. The main signatures of the neutron emission are its asymmetry and anisotropy. We compare these features of neutron emission with those of the Lorentz invariance breakdown, obtained by means of electromagnetic experiments some years ago.

We discuss the possible violation of local Lorentz invariance (LLI) arising from a faster-than-light neutrino speed. A toy calculation of the LLI violation parameter [Formula: see text], based on the (disclaimed) OPERA data, suggests that the values of [Formula: see text] are determined by the interaction involved, and not by the energy range. This hypothesis is further corroborated by the analysis of the more recent results of the BOREXINO, LVD and ICARUS experiments.

The experimental evidence for piezonuclear reactions, namely nuclear reactions of a new type induced by mechanical pressure, leads to envisage a generalized nuclear cycle, involving stable nuclides like iron, in nonMinkowskian conditions, i.e., in presence of violated local Lorentz invariance.

A recent analysis of the experimental data on some physical phenomena ruled by the four fundamental interactions (electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational) seems to show the possibility of describing such interactions in terms of a deformation of the usual Minkowski spacetime, with a metric whose coefficients do depend on the energy of the process considered. In this paper, we show that such results can be accounted for in terms of a Kaluza-Klein-like scheme, based on a five-dimensional Riemannian space in which energy plays the role of the fifth dimension. The corresponding five-dimensional Einstein equations in vacuum are solved in some cases of physical relevance and it is shown that all the phenomenological metrics describing the four fundamental forces are recovered as special cases of the classes of solutions found. Possible developments of the formalism are also briefly outlined.

We report and discuss the results of double-slit-like experiments in the infrared range, which evidence an anomalous behaviour of photon systems under particular (energy and space) constraints. These outcomes apparently disagree both with standard quantum mechanics (Copenhagen interpretation) and with classical and quantum electrodynamics. Possible interpretations can be given in terms of either the existence of de Broglie-Bohm pilot waves associated to photons, and/or the breakdown of local Lorentz invariance (LLI). We put forward an intriguing hypothesis about the possible connection between these seemingly unrelated points of view by assuming that the pilot wave of a photon is, in the framework of LLI breakdown, a local deformation of the flat minkowskian spacetime.

We report the results of neutron measurements carried out during the application of ultrasounds to bars of iron and steel. Like in our previous similar works with cavitated solutions of iron, neutrons were emitted in bursts and the spectrum of this peculiar emission was measured for the first time. A further and very interesting out come of these experiments was the unexpected appearance of circular, macroscopical and regular damages on the lateral surface of the bars which was not directly in contact with the sonotrode. The superficial elemental microanalysis on these spots showed some interesting and macroscopic departures of the concentration of chemical elements from that of the undamaged surface, which may suggest that, along with the emission of neutrons, some transmutations occurred as well.

In this paper, we deal with the subject of piezonuclear reactions, namely nuclear reactions (of new type) triggered by pressure waves. We discuss the experimental evidences obtained in the last two decades, which can be summarized essentially as follows: experiments in cavitation of liquids, where transmutation of elements, creation of elements and emission of neutrons have been observed; emission of neutrons in brittle failure of solids subjected to mechanical pressure; alteration of the lifetime of un unstable element (thorium) subjected to cavitation. A theoretical model to explain these facts is proposed. Future perspectives of these experimental and theoretical investigations are also underlined.

Originally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53: 1789-1793, 2011 (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2448, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26369 (Original article DOI: 10.1002/mop.26133)

Originally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53: 1789–1793, 2011 © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26369 (Original article DOI: 10.1002/mop.26133)

The recent measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam, on whose basis it was found that (v-c)/c = (2.48 ±0.28 (stat.) ±0.30 (sys.)) 10e-5, does not contain any significant violation of Local Lorentz Invariance (LLI), since the corresponding value of the parameter delta=(u/c)^2-1, that represents the upper limit of the breakdown of LLI, is at least three orders of magnitude higher than the known lower limit reported in literature and is compatible with the values estimated by other experiments carried out so far.

We illustrate the main features of a new Kaluza-Klein-like scheme (Deformed Relativity in five dimensions). It is based on a five-dimensional Riemannian space in which the four-dimensional space-time metric is deformed (i.e. it depends on the energy) and energy plays the role of the fifth dimension. We review the solutions of the five-dimensional Einstein equations in vacuum and the geodetic equations in some cases of physical relevance. The Killing symmetries of the theory for the energy-dependent metrics corresponding to the four fundamental interactions (electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational) are discussed for the first time. Possible developments of the formalism are also briefly outlined.

In this short note we would like to provide some useful remarks on our previous work about the piezonuclear decay of Thorium and in general about the methods and protocols that we used in the experiments on piezonuclear reactions. The purpose of these remarks is to highlight the critical points of the experiments and equipment in order to design future experiments that may obtain positive evidences or that can be as more comparable to previous ones as possible.