Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus which play a vital role to developing Cervical cancer. It is presumed and accepted that sexually exposed women will have occurred HPV infection at least once in their whole life. Hence, determined the actual cause of transmission of HPV infection in sexually active women with single sex partner that is married women and sexually active women with multiple sex partners that is female sex works (FSWs). Methods: A total 197 urine sample of FSWs and MW has been utilized through RT-PCR technique for HR-HPV detection. DNA extracted from urine samples and estimation and purification of DNA, used RT-PCR technique for HPV-16 and HPV-18 detection. Results: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV was detected to be 16.75% (33/197) and 83.25% (164 out 197) negative results reported in both studied subjects. The results analysis of HPV-16 and HPV-18 reveals in which prevalence of HPV-16 was 14.21% (28/197) and HPV-18 was detected 2.53% (5/197) in studied subjects in both study groups. The prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18 among MW was high (18.75%) and HPV-16 and HPV-18 was low (14.85%) in FSWs. It did not differ significantly of HR-HPV prevalence in MW who has single sex partner and FSWs who has multiple sex partners. Conclusion: The study indicates that oncogenic HPV prevalence did not different significantly in multiple sex partners, that is, FSWs and single sex partner, that is, MW. The probability of genital hygiene rather than multiple sexual partners stands more apt as a cause of HPV infection. This study advises to develop more awareness program about genital hygiene in women to reduce the HPV infection and can be prevented from cervical cancer. Hence, genital hygiene may be reducing the burden of HPV infection in women.

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated uteri cervix carcinoma continues to be the 2nd highest cause of death among women in India. This study aims to identify the mode of HPV transmission in different communities such as Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Banjaran women of Bihar, India. Different patterns of life and cultural variations exist among Muslims, Hindus, Christians, and Banjarans. For example, Muslim wash their genital parts after urination and maintain genital hygiene, whereas Banjaran tribes, Christians, and Hindu communities do not maintain hygiene. Thus, the present study was undertaken to evaluate high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection among healthy women. We access to genuine reason for the cause of HPV transmission in women. Methods: Ethical clearance was obtained from MCS and RC Patna, India. A total 154 urine samples have been used for the detection of HR-HPV through a real-time PCR technique. The DNA extraction was done from collected non-invasive urine samples. The estimation and purification of DNA purity was performed by QuantiFluor® dsDNA system and detected HPV-16 and HPV-18. Results: Overall, the prevalence of HR-HPV infection was detected to be 12.34% (19/154) whereas HPV-16 was found to be 9.9% (14/154) and HPV-18 was found to be 3.25% (5/154) in women. The lowest (2%; 1/50) prevalence of HR-HPV was observed in the Muslim community, while higher (25%, 16%, and 14.71%) prevalence was found in the Banjaran, Christian, and Hindu communities, respectively. Conclusion: Our study indicates that personal hygiene possibly reduces HPV infection in women and the evidence suggests that male circumcision has a protective role of HPV infection in Muslim community. Therefore, personal hygiene and circumcision may reduce the risk of HPV acquisition and transmission as well as cervical cancer development in women.

The present study was designed to ins role of estrogen receptor and K(ATP)( )channel in cardioprotective effect of remote aortic preconditioning in rat heart. Remote preconditioning is a phenomenon in which brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion to remote organs protect the target organ against sustained ischemia/reperfusion induced injury. Protective effects of remote aortic preconditioning are well established in the heart, but their mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Remote aortic preconditioning in rats was produced by introducing four episodes of ischemia and reperfusion, each comprising of 5 min occlusion and 5 min reperfusion, through abdominal aorta. Perfused rat heart was isolated and subjected to global ischemia for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. The degree of cardiac injury was assessed by analysing the level of lactate dehydrogenase, creatin kinase, reactive oxygen species and nitrite in coronary effluent. Myocardial infarct size was also estimated macroscopically using tetrazolium trichloride staining. Ethylinestradiol (10 mu g/kg, orally) as estrogen receptor agonist was noted to reproduce remote aortic preconditioning mediated cardioprotection in ovariectomized rat. However, administration of glibenclamide along with or prior to ethylinestradiol abolished cardioprotection. Moreover, glibenclamide a K-A(TP), channel blocker, abolish cardioprotective effect of remote aortic preconditioning with daidzein a caveolin inhibitor (0.2 mg/kg subcutaneous). Ethylinestradiol significantly increased the release of nitric oxide and restored the attenuated cardioprotective effect of remote aortic preconditioning. These data provide the evidence that estrogen receptor activation involved in cardioprotective effect of remote aortic preconditioning-mediated trough opening of K-ATP, channels.

Corona virus (CoV) are a big family of viruses (single stranded RNA infection) that cause ill reaching from the common colds to more severe disease, for case, (MERSCoV) “Middle East Respiratory Syndrome” and (SARS-CoV)“Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome” Coronaviruses disease (COVID-19) is one more strain that be located originates in 2019 and has not stood of late illustrious in individuals Corona virus be situated zoonotic, which means they are transmitted among animal and people Seven Coronaviruses are recognized to origin human sickness Four are mild: virus HKU1, 229E, OC43, NL63 and OC43 Three have caused serious diseases / outbreaks in people SARS emerged from China in 2002 it cleared over the globe to a great extent through air travel causing lethal sickness In excess of 8,000 individuals became sick and 774 died The diseases vanished in 2004 likely because of isolation and quarantine measure and no instances of SARS have been accounted for since These primary cytopathic changes spread through the cell monolayers, leading to cell disinterestedness within 24 to 48 h SARS-CoV has a complex level of strength in the earth than other known human corona viruses It can get by for at any rate 2 to 3 days on dry superficial at room temperature and 2 to 4 day in stool

There is high incidence of cervical cancer in Bihar, India. Vaccination for cervical cancer in developed countries has played a crucial role in limiting the incidence rate of cervical cancer worldwide. In consideration of debate on clinical efficacy of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine in India, study on the prevalence of high risk HPV 16/18 strains in different regions of the nation becomes very crucial. Few individual states have started vaccination but centralised vaccination program does not exist due to lack of sufficient genotypic study of Human Papilloma Virus in different parts of India. Bihar is the third most populous state of India and HPV 16/18 distribution has not been reported yet. The nationwide data of HPV 16/18will help to develop a unified centralised vaccination program. We carried out a distribution study of high risk HPV type 16 and 18 in cervical cancer patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Bihar, India.HPV 16/18 types were analysed in cervical cancer tissues (n = 96) of patients attending the regional cancer hospital of Bihar. Tissue samples were analysed for HPV 16 and HPV 18 using a Real Time PCR technique. The results suggest very high prevalence of HPV 16/18. HPV was identified in all the samples (96/96). About, 74 (77.08%) samples presented with HPV 16 whereas, 16 (16.67%) of the samples presented with HPV 18. 6 Co-infection was presented in 6 (6.25%) of the samples of cervical cancer tissues. HPV 16/18 prevalence is more in the women aged between 41 to 61 years.We report 100% prevalence of HPV16/18 in the cervical cancer tissue samples. A way to minimise this gynaecological concern would be to introduce prophylactic vaccines and early screening in the state of Bihar. The data generated would be crucial in drafting for community screening of HPV. We strongly emphasize the prophylactic HPV Vaccination against HPV 16 to control the alarming rate of cervical cancer in one of the most populous state of India, Bihar.

On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global healthemergency for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease spread around the world and on March11, 2020, it was declared a global pandemic by the WHO. India reported the very first case of COVID-19 onJanuary 30, 2020, and a complete lockdown on the country was announced on March 25, 2020, after WHOannounced that it was a global pandemic. Since then, India has reported 586K confirmed cases, of which348K have been cured, 17.4K died and 220K is still active as of June 30, 2020. In this work, a predictivemodel for the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA or seasonal ARIMA) isproposed to predict the total number of confirmed, recovered, and deceased cases due to the COVID-19virus in India within the next 30 days from a selected date. The SARIMA model uses the Box-Jenkinsmodel, a forecasting method using regression studies. Data for this study has been taken from governmentwebsites from January 30, 2020, to June 30, 2020. Using the Tkinter library in Python 3.8, a graphical userinterface (GUI) is also developed to make this prediction model user-friendly. The accuracy in predictingCOVID-19 cases in this study is 99.7% in confirmed cases, 99.15% in recovered cases, and 99.08% indeceased cases.

The present review is a push to recognize a bearing toward result based training with the support of the current writing in physical instruction. The review tries to survey articles identified with physical training appraisal, examine papers with guidelines advancement and shows curricular viewpoints secured by existing curricular structures. This is planned to give a course toward the result based training for the Indian physical instruction. A thorough writing pursuit of research articles from the year 1995 to 2016 (31 year time frame) utilizing the Google researcher, Academia, Books, National and International Journals was the system embraced to separate the current data. Article visualizations:

Classical swine fever (CSF) is globally significant and highly infectious disease of swine caused by Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV). The virus affects all age groups of pigs and wild boars. The disease is known in India since 1944 and then after outbreaks has been reported from all around the country wherever pig rearing is being practiced but more frequently from North-East states, which harbors a large share of country’s total pig population. The disease may be expressed as acute, chronic, late onset or in apparent course, depending on variety of virus and host factor leading to enormous economic loss in the form of mortality, stunted growth, poor reproductive performance and also impeding the international trade of pig and pig products. Despite of the highly devastating nature and diagnosis difficulties, CSF has remained underestimated in India and requires development of rapid and sensitive diagnostics and effective prophylactics for control of disease. A lapinized swine fever vaccine is being used to protect the pigs from the disease but the vaccine is facing constraints in its production. A control and eradication policy is required to defeat this disease which the country is lacking.

Stress has become a pervading feature of people's life in modern world. The modern world which is said to be a world of achievements is also a world of stress. Stress is everywhere, whether it is in the family, business organization, enterprise, institute or any other social or economic activity. Right from birth till death, an individual is invariably exposed to various stressful situations. Despite tremendous advancements in science and technology, and remarkable growth of economy and sources of luxury, people all over the world seem to experience stress in various spheres of their lives. There are plenty of general problems that people at work worry about - increasing job competition, globalization, annual appraisals, financial crisis, and even new technology. Beside these, employees are put under pressure to meet sales targets, attend meetings on time, fit in with changes in organization by learning and following up new procedures. All these can result different levels of stress. Nowadays, working stress is the fastest growing cause of absence from work. Inefficient management, lack of decision-making by management, excessive working hours, and uncertainty as to future employment prospects and the pressure of the job are some of the causes of stress described by employees. It can negatively influence the productivity. Therefore, employers should consider organizational stress as a serious problem and they must take measures to prevent employees suffering stress arising from their work as the ability to manage stress in the workplace can make the difference between success and failure on the job.

In 2010, India had approximately 234 million people in the age group 15-24 years. This number is expected to rise by more than 10 per cent in 2020. It roughly reflects the potential demand for higher education. Given the pace of this expansion in population, there is currently a dearth of higher educational institutions in India. State funding to overcome this requirement has not been a successful model. Private higher educational institutions have attempted to fill this gap. However, in many of the federal states private investment in higher education face hurdles. There are also a few federal states where there is a proliferation of private higher educational institutions. Lack of effective guidelines, and inefficient regulatory and accreditation practices resulted in poor quality of majority of these institutions. The paper examines the higher education scenario in India and attempts to point out why very few serious investors invest in higher educational sector. Several factors are responsible for this. Primary among these factors is the legal and legislative hurdles in several federal states. It is also seen that the bad precedent set by the existing institutions also dissuade serious investments. These factors have led to specific problems which face any serious investor in this sector in India. The paper identifies these problems and suggests that a possible change in perception towards higher education would be most desired in the current milieu. Certain contours of these change in perception are identified.