In order to study cold tolerance of different rice cultivars and reduce production loss ,taking Kongyu 131 ,Kendao 12 ,Songjing 9 and Longjing 11 as test materials ,the low temperature stress with constant and var-iable 15℃ were carried on at booting stage .The effect of low temperature on percentage of unfilled grains of rice and the susceptibility to chilling injury were studied .The results showed that compared with CK ,the per-centage of unfilled grains of rice increased significantly with the prolonged time of low temperature ,and low temperature stress of constant 15℃ was higher than low temperature stress of variable 15℃ .The resistance to low temperature at booting stage were Kongyu 131>Songjing 9> Kendao 12>Longjing 11 .

The current situation of reading practice by college students is not optimistic. University and college libraries have not been used to a satisfactory extent and the services by these libraries can not meet the needs of students very well. With some universities and colleges in Xi’an as samples and by using the combination of questionnaires and interviews, this paper investigates the satisfaction of college students’ needs in reading from five aspects which include the expectation for achievements, the expectation for endeavor, the influence of social groups, the related condition and the anxiety during use. Finally it gives some suggestions for the construction of library resources and the services by libraries from the perspective of readers.

通过对黑龙江省农业科学院引种驯化的2个荻品种(系)07-2和07-3进行栽培试验,初步明确了2个品种(系)具有较高的生物产量,在不同的采收时期荻的养分含量有着明显的变化,7月中旬收获可以获得较高的鲜饲产量,在9月下旬则收获更高产量的能源或加工材料。

The soluble sugar content and relative electric conductivity were analyzed after 36 h under 6℃ and 15℃ low temperature treatments on rice seedlings in phytotran.The result showed that soluble sugar content could be decreased and relative electric conductivity was increased under low temperature especially heavy low temperature condition.In another hand,great difference was found among varieties.

According to the problem in the study on sterile-type cooling injury in cold region, the basis for temperature and sensitive period of sterile-type cooling injury was put forward.A few easily confused terms was explained.

Through pot experiment method,the seedling quality,tiller dynamic and yield components of rice under plant regulator treatments at seeding stage and seedling period were studied.The results showed that root system development could be promoted,tillers were improved and rice yield was increased by applying plant regulator.

通过采集的野生荻资源进行人工栽培管理对荻的组成成分进行了分析。荻的幼叶中含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪及可溶性糖分,可为动物提供主要的营养。与水稻相比粗纤维素和木质素明显高于水稻茎秆,说明用荻来造纸、编织比用稻草具有更高的优势。与鹅观草、无芒雀麦和羊草比较发现,荻的粗纤维含量高于鹅观草,但显著低于同属禾本科牧草的无芒雀麦和羊草,而蛋白质含量与鹅观草相当,显著高于无芒雀麦和羊草。由此可以认为荻具有优良牧草的潜质。

The experiment was conducted with Longdao No.5,the super rice in Heilongjiang province.The results showed that:Longdao No.5 had well developed root system and greater advantage at dry root weight,root diameter,root surface and root volume than the check variety.It had stocky stem,high tillering ability and strong lodging resistance.The leaves were hypertrophy and had a grate longer and wider than the check variety,and its basal angle was narrower than the check variety.Longdao No.5 belonged to the big erect panicle type variety,and the first panicle branches made a higher contribution for yield.It was said that Longdao No.5 had the characteristics of ideal plant type and great advantage at quality and resistance.It was a good quality japonica rice variety in Heilongjiang province.

Rice water requirement changes with its growth.The different irrigation affected the rice growth in the middle and late period immediately.The model of irrigation could be determined from this experiment:taking shallow irrigation(0~3 cm) at the beginning of tillering,taking shallow-wet alternating irrigation at the active tellering period,and taking field dry at the end of tellering to make the rice root strong.The water level should be kept at 3 cm about.That will lead to a high spike rate of tiller,a normal development of branch and spikelet,a big and plump panicle.So that it will take a high quality and yield.

Cooling temperature-tolerant experiment on major rice cultivars at microspore stage in Heilongjiang province was conducted in phtotran.The experimental results showed that cooling temperature-tolerant ability among cultivars was greatly different.Under cooling temperature(15℃)for 7 days,the spikelets sterile rate ranged from 3% to 70%.When accumulated cooling temperature increased for 1℃,the spikelets sterile rate ranged from 0.002% to 1.989%.Therefore,it could be referred that cooling temperature-tolerant cultivars were Kongyu 131,Longdao No.3 and Longdao No.6.While the cooling temperature-sensitive cultivars were Longjing 11,Longjing 13,Songjing No.7,Longdao No.7 and Kendao 12.

Under the low temperature,the rice tillering was surveyed.The results showed that:the low temperature lead to a low tiller occurring.The effect of low temperature was different among the different rice varieties.The number of tillers of the rice treated in low temperature for 3 to 6 days was significantly lower than the ck.The maximum number of rice tiller was not significantly affected by low temperature within 3 days.

Cooling temperature treatment on different ripening rice cultivars at microspore stage was conducted in phtotran and the rice sensitive stage to cooling temperature was evaluated by distance between pulvinus and days before heading.The experimental results showed that the sensitive stage to cooling temperature was about-5cm of the distance between pulvinus and 14 to 18 days before heading.

Rice is the chief grain crop in Heilongjiang province,and its cultivation area is increasing year by year.It is too difficult to fetch earth to raise seedling in concentrative region of rice,so rice husk was used to raise seedling of rice instead of soil to resolve the problem.The aim is to solve difficulty of earth-fetching and pollution of burning rice husk or stacking.

By dealing with meteorological data and yield of Heilongjiang province,the time regularity of rice cooling injury was discussed.From 1980,with the global warming,the temperature in rice growth and development stage is increasing.However in recent years,the average temperature between June and August is decreasing.This is the major reason of sterile cooling injury occurred at partial rice production regions in 2002,2003 and 2006.

The experiment of germination of super-rice in cold region was carried out under the different air temperatures.The results showed that there was a intimate relationships between the germination percentage and accumulated temperature,the germination percentage improved with the increase of the accumulated temperature,and there was difference among the varieties.The accumulated temperature made the most important effect on the germination of super-rice Longdao No.5,and the critical temperature for germination was the highest.The accumulated temperature made less effect on the germinations of super-rice Songjing No.9 and Longjing No.14,and the critical temperatures for germinations were lower than Longdao No.5.

俗话称"秧好半年粮",培育壮秧是水稻生产过程中的关键技术环节之一.而在实际生产中,由于管理技术和育秧产品选择的差异,育出的秧苗各不相同.

概述了荻的主要生物学特性、国内外在荻的利用方面的研究状况以及对野生植物荻利用途径的展望。

The experiment was conducted with Songjing No.9,the super rice in Heilongjiang province,on relationship between f leaves-appearance and temperature.The results showed that the leaves grown slowly in prophase and faster in anaphase.There was a close relationship between the leaf appearance and temperature,besides flag leaf,the accumulated temperature had a positive correlation with leaf-qosition(y=19.1036x-60.0214,r=0.8240*).

Longdao No.7(Ha 02-220) was selected from variated plant of rice Wuyoudao No.1.Its number of leaves on main stem was twelve,maturation period was 137 d,active accumulated temperature was 2 500 ℃,and all kinds of integrated resistance were obviously strong.Average yield of two years regional trial and one year production trial were 7 585.2 kg/hm~2 and 8 100.2 kg/hm~2 respectively,and average increased yield were 6.6% and 10.1% compared with control Kendao No.10,respectively.All kinds of items reached state high quality rice standard and examined and approved in 2005.

黑龙江省西部地区有盐碱土近66.7万hm2,主要分布在大庆及齐齐哈尔南部地区,其中含盐量超过1%的盐土和盐碱土超过10万hm2,据20世纪90年代调查,全省盐渍化土壤比50年代增加了13.3万hm2,年增加2 600多hm2.由于对土壤的不合理使用,导致土壤盐渍化面积扩大,影响粮、草产量,进而影响农牧产业的发展.