目的:探讨髓系抗原CD13、CD33 在BCR-ABL+急性淋巴细胞白血病(acute lymphoblastic leukemia,ALL)患者骨髓中的表达及其与临床特征和预后的相关性.方法:应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction,RQ-PCR)检测119 例初诊ALL患者骨髓BCR-ABL表达水平.用流式细胞学检查检测ALL的抗原表达水平.对照分析单纯BCR-ABL+患者中CD13+和CD13-以及CD33+和CD33-患者在初次诱导缓解率(initial-induction remission rate,CR1)和总生存率(overall survival rate,OS)的区别.结果:在BCR-ABL+的ALL患者中,初诊时CD13+患者较CD13-患者具有较低的首次诱导缓解率,差异具统计学意义(P<0.05),但 CD33+患者较 CD33-患者首次诱导缓解率无统计学差异.CD13+组及CD33+的OS显著低于CD13-组及CD33-组(P<0.05).结论:BCR-ABL+ALL患者中CD13+及CD33+提示预后不良.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the distribution of bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),the proportion of activated T cells with immunophenotype CD3+HLA-DR+ in the lymphocytes and its clinical significance, and to understand the effects of different types of MDS, different immunophenotypes, and different expression levels of WT1 on the proportion of lymphocyte subsets and activated T cells.METHODS:The immunophenotypes of 96 MDS patients, the subsets of bone marrow lymphocytes and activated T cells were detected by flow cytometry. The relative expression of WT1 was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, and the first induced remission rate (CR1) was calculated, the differences of lymphocyte subsets and activated T cells in MDS patients with different immunophenotype, different WT1 expression, and different course of disease were analyzed.RESULTS:The percentage of CD4+T lymphocyte in MDS-EB-2, IPSS high-risk, CD34+ cells >10%, and patients with CD34+CD7+ cell population and WT1 gene overexpression at intial diagnosis decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the percentage of NK cells and activated T cells increased significantly (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the ratio of B lymphocytes. Compared with the normal control group, the percentage of NK cells and activated T cells in IPSS-intermediate-2 group was significantly higher(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the percentage of CD3+T, CD4+T lymphocytes. The percentage of CD4+T cells in patients with complete remission after the first chemotherapy was significantly higher than in patients with incomplete remission(P<0.05), and the percentage of NK cells and activated T cells was significantly lower than that in patients with incomplete remission (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In MDS patients, the proportion of CD3+T and CD4+T lymphocytes decreased, and the proportion of activated T cells increased, indicating that the differentiation type of MDS is more primitive and the prognosis is worse.

目的 研究不同类型急性白血病(AL)患者中超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的表达特点和临床意义.方法 选取AL患者80例作为研究对象(AL组),急性髓系白血病(AML)50例(AML组),急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)30例(ALL组).AL组患者行骨髓细胞学检查,做出诊断分型,并在患者初诊时为其检测hs-CRP及LDH.另选取20例单纯缺铁性贫血患者纳入对照组.比较2组患者hs-CRP和LDH表达的差异,以及不同类型AL患者hs-CRP和LDH表达特点.以首次诱导缓解率作为分组依据,观察缓解组与未缓解组的hs-CRP及LDH表达的差异.结果 AL组hs-CRP和LDH表达均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).但AML组与ALL组hs-CRP和LDH表达比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).缓解组hs-CRP和LDH表达均低于未缓解组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 hs-CRP和LDH的表达水平与AL患者疾病进展呈正相关,或可成为AL判断预后的指标之一.

Over last decades, the complexity and variability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has significantly interfered with the effectiveness of traditional treatment, and has gradually become a main obstacle and bottleneck for HCC therapy. In order to explore the innovative therapeutic strategy to further improve the cancer diagnosis and treatment, we herein proposed a thermal-induced magnetic nanosystem with good biocompatibility that therapeutic cargo controllable release relies on 808 nm laser irradiation. This nanosystem was designed by co-loaded the manganese-doped magnetic nanoparticles and photosensitizer indocyanine green into the matrix of temperature sensitive polymer, with further capturing negatively charged YAP1 siRNA on the surface, to finally obtain the heat-induced manganese-doped magnetic nanocarriers (HMM-siRNA NCs). Our study found that the photosensitizer on the exposure of 808 nm laser irradiation could generate continuous heat to rupture the thermal-sensitive polymer matrix, that controllable release the embedded ICG and Mn0.8Fe2.2O4 NPs for NIR/MR imaging, ICG-mediated heat and ROS could induce the thermal expansion and rupture of HMM-siRNA NCs, causing the evident thermal swelling of lysosomes to induce the cell apoptosis. Besides, YAP1 siRNA can decrease the YAP1 expression in HCC down to approximately 35%, reducing the cell proliferation and migration. Such NIR/MRI guided low-temperature PTT and siRNA-mediated gene therapy strategy lead to tumor cell death by using various and complementary approach, thereby achieving controllable and effective comprehensive treatment in the presence of 808 nm laser irradiation. Our designed delivery complex can accomplish the precise cancer treatment on the tumor site by responding to the external 808 nm laser, and its non-toxic metabolites demonstrate the excellent biocompability for extensive use either anti-cancer therapy or various disease from clinical research.

OBJECTIVE:We aimed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and functional differences between exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from umbilical cord (UC) or adipose tissue (AD).MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this experimental study, the UC and AD were isolated from healthy volunteers. Then, exosomes from UC-MSCs and AD-MSCs were isolated and characterized. Next, the protein compositions of the exosomes were examined via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), followed by evaluation of the DEPs between UC-MSC and AD-MSC-derived exosomes. Finally, functional enrichment analysis was performed.RESULTS:One hundred and ninety-eight key DEPs were identified, among which, albumin (ALB), alpha-II-spectrin (SPTAN1), and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2) were the three hub proteins present at the highest levels in the protein-protein interaction network that was generated based on the shared DEPs. The DEPs were mainly enriched in gene ontology (GO) items associated with immunity, complement activation, and protein activation cascade regulation corresponding to 24 pathways, of which complement and coagulation cascades as well as platelet activation pathways were the most significant.CONCLUSION:The different functions of AD- and UC-MSC exosomes in clinical applications may be related to the differences in their immunomodulatory activities.

Multi-functional nanovectors based on exosomes from cancer cell culture supernatants in vitro has been successfully utilized for tumor-specific targeting and immune escape. However, the labor-intensive purification procedures for rich-dose and high-purity homogeneous exosomes without using targeting ligands are still a challenging task. Herein, we developed a nanovector Exo-PMA/Fe-HSA@DOX through cloaked by urinary exosome membrane as a chemo/chemodynamic theranostic nano-platform for targeted homologous prostate cancer therapy which pertain to the abrogation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and its downstream AKT/NF-kB/IkB signaling instead of ERK signaling cascades. Urinary exosomes-based nanovectors own the same urological cancer cell membrane antigen inclusive of E-cadherin, CD 47 and are free from intracellular substance such as Histone 3 and COX IV. The targeting properties of the homologous cancer cell are well preserved in ExoPMA/Fe-HSA@DOX nanovectors in high purity. Meanwhile, the nanovectors based on urinary exosomes from prostate patients deeply penetrated into prostate cancer DU145 3D MCTS, and successfully achieve superior synergistic low-dose chemo/chemodynamic performance in vivo. In addition, the blockage of bypassing EGFR/ AKT/NF-kB/IkB signaling pathway is greatly enhanced via elevated intracellular PMA/Fe-HSA@DOX nanoparticles (NPs). It is expected that the rich source and high purity of urinary exosomes offer a reliable solution for mass production of such nanovectors in the future. The targeted homologous cancer therapy based on the urinary exosomes from cancer patients exemplifies a novel targeted anticancer scheme with efficient and facile method.

Peptide modified nanoparticles have emerged as powerful tools for enhanced cancer diagnosis and novel treatment strategies. Here, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) peptides were used for the first time for the modification of gold nanoprisms (GNPs) to enhance targeting efficiency. A multifunctional nanoprobe was developed that the GNPs@PEG/Ce6-PD-L1 peptide (GNPs@PEG/Ce6-P) was used for imaging-guided photothermal/photodynamic therapy by using the targeting effect of PD-L1. Both confocal imaging and flow cytometry experiments demonstrated a remarkable affinity of the as-prepared nanoprobes GNPs@PEG/Ce6-P to lung cancer cells (HCC827), which have a high PD-L1 expression. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments further demonstrated that the nanoprobes GNPs@PEG/Ce6-P not only allowed for real-time visualization via fluorescence (FL) imaging and photoacoustic (PA) imaging, but also served as phototherapy agents for synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, treatments on human lung cancer cells-derived tumors demonstrated that the nanoprobes GNPs@PEG/Ce6-P could significantly suppress tumor growth through PTT and PDT from GNPs and Ce6, respectively. In conclusion, the as-prepared new nanoprobes show promising potential for nanomedicine with remarkable targeting ability for dual-mode imaging and enhanced PDT and PTT effects on lung cancer.

Distinctively different metabolism between tumor cells and normal cells endows tumor tissues unique microenvironment. In this regard, we have successfully prepared a sequential catalytic platform based on Au/Pt star for tumor theragnostic. The multifunctional probes consisted of a gold/platinum star-shaped core (Au/Pt star) conjugated with a GSH-sensitive disulfide bond (S–S), a targeting ligand (rHSA-FA), a near-infrared fluorophore (IR780) and glucose oxidase (GOx). When systemically administered in a xenografted murine model, the probes specifically targeted the tumor sites. As the disulfide linker was cleaved by intracellular GSH, the IR780 molecules could be released for photo-thermal therapy & photodynamic therapy (PTT&PDT) and imaging. Subsequently, the Pt nanolayer of the Au/Pt star and the GOx formed a sequential catalytic system: GOx effectively catalyzed intracellular glucose by consuming oxygen to generate H2O2 and enhance the local acidity, and the Pt layer exhibited peroxidase-like property to catalyze H2O2 producing toxic ·OH for tumor oxidative damage. Here we demonstrated that our probes simultaneously possessed a GSH-sensitive release, real-time imaging ability, and synergetic cancer starving-like therapy/enzyme oxidative therapy/PTT/PDT features, which provides a potential strategy for effective tumor theragnostic.

Epigenetic dysregulations resulting from the defects of epigenetic regulators are often reversible in tumorigenesis, making them promising cancer therapeutic targets. However, the limited specificity of action, short-term stability, and low retention of the epigenetic drugs greatly impede their clinical efficacy against solid tumors. Herein a method of combinatorial delivery of epigenetic modulatory drugs via a molecular self-assembly strategy was developed using inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases. The drug-drug conjugates can self-assemble into nanofibers with enhanced chemical stability. The nanofibers synergistically regulate aberrant DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, subsequently reprogram the gene expression profiles, and finally inhibit gastric cancer cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. The superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the nanofibers could be ascribed to the prolonged retention and accumulation in tumors and the minimized off-target effects. Therefore, this design of epigenetic-drug-based nanofiber formulation may provide a valuable paradigm for cancer therapy through epigenetic reprogramming.

目的 制备负载CoFe2O4@MnFe2O4磁性纳米粒子(简称:Co@Mn MNPs)与二氢卟吩e6(简称:Ce6)的多功能纳米胶囊(简称:MNCPs),研究MNCPs对胃癌的靶向性磁共振成像与光动力治疗效果.方法 采用微乳液法制备双亲性高分子聚异丁烯-铝-马来酸酐(简称:PMA)微泡包载Co@Mn MNPs与Ce6的纳米胶囊,在其表面偶联靶向分子叶酸,形成PMA-Co@Mn/Ce6-FA MNPs,制备出具有靶向性诊断与治疗的多功能纳米胶囊.检测MNCPs的表征了解其特征,并利用细胞实验探测细胞对MNCPs的利用,另外利用胃癌荷瘤裸鼠研究MNCPs在小鼠体内的磁共振成像与靶向性治疗效果.结果 MNCPs粒径约(150±15)nm,呈单分散的球形,包封率为(97％),包载量约(3.1％).细胞实验证明肿瘤细胞对MNCPs有较好的摄取,并且摄入的MNCPs对肿瘤细胞的毒性极小,还可以在633nm激光照射下对肿瘤细胞产生良好的光动力治疗(PDT)效果.动物实验证明MNCPs能增强小鼠体内肿瘤部位的磁共振成像效果,对胃癌具有显著的靶向性光动力治疗效果.结论 多功能纳米胶囊对胃癌具有靶向性磁共振诊断与光动力治疗作用.

A novel electrochemical detection platform was constructed based on dewdrop-like platinum nanoparticles-decorated silver nanoflowers nanocomposites coated with bovine serum albumin (AgNFs-Pt@BSA), which were synthesized through replacement reaction between chloroplatinic acid and AgNFs. As expected, in final obtained AgNFs-Pt@BSA nanocomposites, the petal structures of AgNFs with broad surface areas led to a high electron conductivity; Pt nanoparticles favorably enhanced the electrocatalytic ability toward hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated around AgNFs-Pt provided numerous functional groups (especially-NH2). Inspired by above characteristics, a remarkable glucose biosensor could be assembled through crosslinking glucose oxidase with AgNFs-Pt@BSA via glutaraldehyde (AgNFs-Pt@BSA/GA/GOD). The high electrochemical responses were exhibited linearly in a wide concentrate range of glucose from 1 to 14 mM with a low detection limit of 0.3 mM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Furthermore, with the advantages of favorable selectivity, excellent reproducibility and durable stability, here prepared electrochemical sensor showed promising analytical performance in the detection of glucose in human serum samples. All satisfied results provided a considerable direction of advance and prospect for the clinical applications of human blood glucose detection in the coming future. (C) 2019 The Electrochemical Society.

We developed a versatile and modular method for cytosolic protein delivery through metal ion-induced co-assembly of gold nanoclusters and proteins into supramolecular assemblies. The versatility and high efficiency of this strategy to assemble and deliver various proteins into living cells were demonstrated. Importantly, the activity of proteins was maintained during the delivery. This modular approach provides an exciting and promising new nano-platform for cytosolic protein delivery.

Gold nanoprisms (GNPs) have been broadly studied for the potential applications in both imaging and treatment on tumors due to their special characteristics. Herein we reported that a new nanoplatform GNPs@PSS/PDADMAC-siRNA (GNPs-siRNA) was designed and fabricated by sequentially coating the GNPs with poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly (-diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) to carry small interfering RNA (siRNA). Human program death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) was recently known to be crucial for cancer cell survival through the intrinsic signaling activities, besides serving as an important checkpoint gene in immune system. We successfully attached the human PD-L1 siRNA to the surface of GNPs@PSS/PDADMAC to obtain the GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA nanoplatform. Real Time Cellular Analysis (RTCA) assay demonstrated that GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA exhibited remarkable capacity to inhibit the proliferation of human lung cancer cells. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments verified that the GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA not only functioned as a carrier for siRNA delivery to down-regulate the hPD-L1 expression, but also served for photoacoustic (PA) imaging and photothermal agents for photothermal therapy (PTT) in both human lung cancer cells and human lung cancer cells-derived tumors. Our findings could be expected to provide an innovative direction for future clinical transformation application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: To our knowledge, this is the first paper related to the hPD-L1 siRNA delivery combined with the gold nanoparticles, especially the gold nanoprisms. The as-prepared GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA nanoplatform not only functioned as a carrier for siRNA delivery to down-regulate the PD-L1 expression, but also acted as photothermal agents for theranostic effects in both human lung cancer cells and human lung cancer cells-derived tumors. The as-prepared GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA nanoplatform could knock down human PD-L1 gene expression, which caused the inhibition on proliferation of human lung cancer cell in vitro or in vivo. The as-prepared GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA nanoplatform possessed excellent photoacoustic imaging ability and photothermal therapy effects.

Objective To construct a novel nanoplatform GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK by loading the CaCO3-coated gold nanostars (GNSs) with Chlorin e6 molecules (Ce6) into human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)-derived NK cells for tumor targeted therapy. Methods GNS@CaCO3/Ce6 nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by TEM and UV-vis. The cell surface markers and cytokines secretion of NK cells before and after loading the GNS@CaCO3/Ce6 nanoparticles were detected by Flow Cytometry (FCM) and ELISA. Effects of the GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK cells on A549 cancer cells was determined by FCM and CCK-8. Intracellular fluorescent signals of GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK cells were detected via Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) and FCM at different time points. Intracellular ROS generation of GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK cells under laser irradiation were examined by FCM. The distribution of GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK in A549 tumor-bearing mice were observed by fluorescence imaging and PA imaging. The combination therapy of GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK under laser irradiation were investigated on tumor-bearing mice. Results The coated CaCO3 shell on the surface of GNSs exhibited prominent delivery and protection effect of Ce6 during the cellular uptake process. The as-prepared multifunctional GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK cells possessed bimodal functions of fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging. The as-prepared multifunctional GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK cells could actively target tumor tissues with the enhanced photothermal/photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy. Conclusions The GNS@CaCO3/Ce6-NK shows effective tumor-targeting ability and prominent therapeutic efficacy toward lung cancer A549 tumor-bearing mice. Through fully utilizing the features of GNSs and NK cells, this new nanoplatform provides a new synergistic strategy for enhanced photothermal/photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy in the field of anticancer development in the near future.

The widespread application of nanoparticles causes extensive public concern on their biological safety. However, up to date, few reports have been associated with the impact of metal nanoparticles on gut microbiota in vivo. In this study, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) were orally administered to BALB/c mice for 7 days, and the dynamic effects of AuNCs on gut microbiota were investigated at 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d, respectively. Using high-throughput sequencing of V4-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene on the Illumina MiSeq platform, we found that gavage of AuNCs did not significantly change the gut microbiota diversity and community at the initial 3 days. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Deferribacteres, Tenericutes and Actinobacteria were the six most abundant phylum in the control and AuNCs groups. However, the phylum Proteobacteria was significantly increased by AuNCs at 7 d (P < 0.05). At the genus level, Roseburia were notably decreased while Staphylococcus, Ureaplasma and Methylobacterium were dramatically increased by AuNCs at 7 d (P < 0.05). Taken together, gavage of AuNCs shifted the bacterial composition at 7 d. This is the first research to investigate the toxicity of AuNCs from the perspective of gut microbiota and opens up a new avenue for the safety or toxicity evaluation of AuNCs.

Drug delivery nanocarriers based on magnetic nanoparticles have attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications in magnetic resonance imaging, photodynamic therapy and targeted drug delivery. Herein, we have fabricated the multifunctional co-loaded magnetic nanocapsules (MNCPs) using a microemulsion process for enhancing targeted magnetic resonance imaging and in vivo photodynamic therapy. MNCPs were synthesized by co-loading Co@Mn magnetic nanoparticles and chlorin e6 into the matrix of an amphiphilic polymer, and further surface covalently coupled with target molecules. This work demonstrates that MNCPs have uniform sizes (dc: ~150 nm), favorable biocompatibility, long-term stability, excellent T2 relaxation values, and high drug loading efficiency. These advantages offer MNCPs successfully applied in targeted magnetic resonance imaging, real-time fluorescent labeling, and photodynamic therapy. The research results will contribute to rationally design novel nano-platform and provide a promising approach for further clinical integration of diagnosis and treatment in the near future.

Rationale: Recently, there is one-fifth of human deaths caused by cancer, leading to cancer treatment remains a hard nut to crack in the medical field. Therefore, as an emerging diagnostic technology, mesoporous nanomaterials-based drug delivery systems integrated diagnosis and therapy have aroused tremendous interest owing to visually targeting effect and superior therapy efficacy compared with traditional cancer treatment. Methods: In this work, we have successfully synthesized mesoporous carbon-gold hybrid nanozyme nanoprobes, whereby mesoporous carbon nanospheres were doped with small gold nanoparticles (OMCAPs) and further stabilized with a complex of reduced serum albumin and folic acid (rBSA-FA). After loading IR780 iodide, the OMCAPs@ rBSA-FA@IR780 nanoprobes were finally accomplished for real-time imaging, photothermal/photodynamic and nanozyme oxidative therapy. Results: Herein, acid oxidized MCAPs possessed large surface area and numerous -COOH groups, which could be used to surface chemically modify numerous targeting molecules and load abundant NIR dye IR780, as well as be acted as photothermal reagents to enhance photothermal therapy effect. In addition, the small Au NPs embedded in OMCAPs were utilized as nanozyme to catalyze H2O2 located in tumor cells to generate ·OH for intracellular oxidative damage of tumor. Besides, as a commonly used near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence dye, the loaded IR780 iodide could not only apply for real-time imaging, but also effectively enhance photo-thermal therapy (PTT) upon the 808 nm laser irradiation. Moreover, FA molecules could enhance the targeted efficiency of the nanoprobes to the gastric tumor site. According to the systematical study in vitro and in vivo, our fabricated nanoprobes based on carbon-gold hybrid (OMCAPs@ rBSA-FA@IR780) revealed excellent tumor targeting efficacy, long tumor retention and favorably therapeutic effect for tumor. Conclusion: All the results demonstrated that here synthesized probes exhibited excellently diagnostic and therapeutic performance, indicating our technology may potentially offer an outstanding strategy for tumor-targeting theranostics.

Exosomes (Exos) of approximately 30-150 nm in diameters are the promising vehicles for therapeutic drugs. However, several challenges still exist in clinical applications, such as unsatisfied yield of exosomes, complicated labeling procedure and low drug loading efficiency. In this work, the gram-scale amount of high-purity urinary exosomes can be obtained from gastric cancer patients by non-invasive method. Passion fruit-like Exo-PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanovehicles were fabricated by considerable freshly-urinary Exos loaded efficiently with multi-functionalized PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanoparticles via instant electroporation strategy. In this system, prepared Exo-PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanovehicles could be internalized into cancer cells effectively, and could delay the endocytosis of macrophages and prolong blood circulation time owing to its membrane structure and antigens. Under 633 nm laser irradiation and acidic condition, the structures of nanovehicles would be collapsed and tremendous PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanoparticles could be released inside cancer cells, produced considerable singlet oxygen, inhibiting growth of tumor cells. In vivo experiment of MGC-803 tumor-bearing nude mice showed that prepared Exo-PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanovehicles could target tumor cells with deep penetration and superior retention performance in tumors. This work reports a reliable conjugation-free labeling strategy for tracking exosomes harvested from human urine. Moreover, the integration of multifunctional nanoparticles with urinary Exos paves a versatile road for the development of cancer-targeted photodynamic therapy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical significance of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 expression level in bone marrow of patients with acute non-M3 myeloid leukemia (AML non-M3), and to understand the biological characteristics of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive AML expressing lymphoid antigens CD19, CD56 and its effect on the initially induced remission rate and prognosis. METHODS The expression level of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 in bone marrow of 200 patients with newly diagnosed AML (non-M3) was detected by real-time fluorescent Q-PCR, the expression level of lymphoid antigens was detected by flow cytometry, and the relationship of the initially induced remission rate (CR1) with the overall survival (OS) rate was analyzed, the CR1 and OS differences also were analyzed between CD56+ and CD56- patients as well as CD19+ and CD17- patients in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive patients with AML. RESULTS The CD56+ patients at the initial diagnosis had lower CR1(P<0.05) in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive AML patients, the CR1 of CD19+ patients was higher than that in CD19- patients at the initial diagnosis (P<0.05). The OS of CD56+ patients was significantly high in comparison with CD56- patients (P<0.05), while the OS between CD19+ patients and CD19- patients was not significantly different. CONCLUSION The bone marrow CD56+ in RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive AML patients suggests poor prognosis. The CD19+ only correlates with CR1, but does not with OS.