The aim was to evaluate the interface zone between glass hybrid (GH), high-viscosity (HV), and resin-modified (RM) glass-ionomer cements (GIC) and sound (SD) and artificially created caries-affected (ACAD) primary dentin. Occlusal cavities were prepared in 120 extracted primary molars and randomly assigned to SD or ACAD. Samples were restored with GH (Equia Forte HT-EF), HV-GIC (Equia Fill-E; Ketac Molar-KM), or RM-GIC (Fuji-II LC-FII; Photac Fill-PF) and exposed to thermal aging. Microleakage (methylene-blue) was analyzed using an optical digital microscope. The interface between dental tissues and restorative materials was analyzed using a scanning electron (SE) microscope. SE microphotographs were manually annotated for intimate contact and cracks/gaps at the material-enamel/dentin interface and analyzed using a custom Python-based algorithm to quantify the respective percentages. No microleakage was noted only in the SD group for EF (50%), FII (42%), and E (33%). All materials showed higher microleakage in ACAD than SD (p < 0.05). No continuous intimate contact between restorative material and dental tissues was observed along the entire interface. The mean proportion of intimate contact between the material and SD was EF (76%) > KM (55%) > E (38%) > FII (7%) > PF (4%), and EF (32%) > KM (24%) > E (16%) > FII (15%) > PF (0%) for ACAD (p < 0.05). Caries-induced demineralization affects the quality of the material-dentin interface. GH are likely to provide better sealing compared to the previous generations of GI materials.

Objectives The minimum intervention oral health care (MIOC) delivery framework shifts restorative dentistry from a predominantly operative, procedure-centred model towards a person-focused, prevention-oriented and tooth-preserving approach. This international consensus aimed to develop agreed, evidence-informed recommendations to support uptake of MIOC. Methods A structured expert consensus process was conducted. Sixteen international experts participated in a structured in-person meeting and consented on fourteen recommendations, all with 100% agreement. Results Implementation of MIOC requires alignment of reimbursement systems, quality indicators, coding structures and digital infrastructures with preventive, diagnostic and active surveillance-based care pathways. Recommendations emphasise recognition and reimbursement of risk assessment and supportive care, integration of team-based delivery models, embedding MIOC competencies across undergraduate and postgraduate education, and ensuring that digital and AI technologies demonstrate person-centred benefit consistent with MIOC principles. Conclusions The consensus provides a coordinated framework to support implementation and advance equitable, sustainable and prevention-oriented oral health care delivery globally.

OBJECTIVE:Since the development of evidence-based, caries-preventive measures and their implementation, the caries decline has varied considerably among different countries, shifting the focus to the importance of regulations and national health policies. The objective of the present study was to compare caries trends in the primary and permanent dentition in children for seven European countries with different historical backgrounds and to analyze this in terms of the legal regulations and taxonomy of governance, financial and delivery arrangements, as well as implementation strategies of caries preventive measures within their health care systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study assessed the 45-year longitudinal caries development in seven Western and Eastern European countries for 5-7- and 12-year-olds and the relevant national health policies, regulations, and general economic data. RESULTS:Denmark and Switzerland showed an early and marked caries decline after implementing national or regional regulations (1970s) on caries prevention (~1 DMFT for 12-year-olds, 1990), and Germany exhibited a similar pattern after adopting equivalent regulations in 1989 (1.2 DMFT, 2010), resulting in 0.5 DMFT for all three countries in the latest surveys. Slovenia and Austria implemented fewer regulations and subsequent measures, resulting in a less pronounced and documented caries decline in 12-year-olds. Croatia and Serbia were engaged in territorial conflicts in the 1990s and their caries decline came later and to a lesser extent (> 2 DMFT, 2020). For the primary dentition (5-7-year-olds) the epidemiologic basis varies to a greater extent, and only Denmark implemented an early national epidemiologic and preventive strategy from the first tooth on, resulting in 1 dmft in 6-year-olds after 2005; the values of other countries were at least twice as high. CONCLUSION:The difference in caries decline reflects general economic development and the national regulations on oral prevention, indicating the importance for stakeholders to implement evidence-based caries prevention and its monitoring in the respective national health care system.

Background: The structure of primary caries-affected dentin may influence adhesion and clinical outcomes of restorative materials. This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of six bioactive restorative materials to sound (SD) and caries-affected (CAD) primary dentin. Materials and Methods: Occlusal cavities were prepared in 84 extracted primary molars which were randomly assigned into SD and CAD groups (n=42). Artificial CAD was created using a demineralizing solution. Each group was subdivided into six subgroups (n=7) restored with bioactive composite (Activa BioActive Restorative), self-cure composite (Stela), alkasite (Cention Forte), giomer (Beautifil Bulk), glass hybrid cement (Equia Forte HT), and nanohybrid composite (Tetric PowerFill). To simulate aging, samples underwent thermocycling for a total of 10,000 cycles. Stick-shaped specimens (~1 mm²) underwent µTBS testing at 0.5 mm/min. Failure pattern analysis was assessed under a stereomicroscope. Results: Significant differences among the materials were observed in both SD and CAD groups (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.001). Self-cure composite and alkasite did not show differences in µTBS when SD and CAD were compared. All materials showed predominantly adhesive mode of failure. Conclusion: µTBS of bioactive restorative materials to primary dentin is influenced both by the material type and dentin substrate.

The effectiveness of evidence-based operative recommendations is often complicated by variations in study design and a lack of use of standardized or validated materials / operative techniques. These gaps in evidence can lead to confusion and hinder clinicians’ ability to apply guidelines in clinical practice. The objective of the presented paper is to compare the clinical recommendations from 17 experts regarding the management of early and moderate proximal and occlusal caries lesions. This paper employs the Delphi methodology to evaluate the expert recommendations presented and compare them with existing EBD guidelines. This study highlights a clear hierarchy in the therapeutic choices made by experts. The highest compliance is seen with the initial, evidence-based treatment options, while responses diverge as more specific or novel options are introduced. The variability in expert responses suggests a lack of clear and standardized guidelines for partially or non-cavitated lesions, a gap in EBD protocols that could benefit from further research and consensus-building.

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the oral health promotion programmes in the Balkan countries, to compare key measures and activities in the implementation of the programme, and to analyse the results achieved after the implementation of the programme. Material and Methods: Data were obtained through an electronic search of publicly available documents published in the field of dental healthcare in the Balkan countries. The search terms were: "national programme", "strategy", "action plan", "project", and "oral health". The search was conducted in English and in the native languages of the Balkan Peninsula countries. A comparative analysis of valid documents and those whose validity period has expired was carried out. Results: This study illuminates the information on preventive programmes for each country and discusses the challenges faced in the Balkans region. While countries in the Balkan Peninsula have made progress in improving the oral health of their inhabitants, the absence of national oral health promotion programmes is striking. Greater involvement of the community in activities to maintain and improve oral health is needed, as is more comprehensive dental care for vulnerable populations. Conclusions: The findings of this study may be employed to enhance oral health in the delineated regions, and to confer benefits upon the population of the region and beyond. The findings from this analysis provide valuable insights for policymakers and public health professionals aiming to strengthen oral health initiatives and ensure more equitable access to dental care across the Balkan Peninsula. This paper (Part II) describes specifics of oral health promotion programmes, dental health care, and key epidemiological indicators in each Balkan country.

Less invasive caries management is recommended for primary dentition, but little is known about how primary dentine demineralisation affects the adhesion of new formulations of glass-ionomer (GI) restorative materials. The study aimed to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of a glass-hybrid (GH), high-viscosity (HV-) and resin-modified (RM-) GI restoratives to sound (SD) and caries-affected (CAD) primary dentine. Occlusal cavities were prepared in 60 primary molars and randomly divided into SD and CAD. Teeth were divided into subgroups (n=6) and restored with a GH (Equia Forte HT), two HV-GI (Equia Fill, Ketac Molar), and two RM-GI (Fuji II LC, Photac Fill) materials. After thermal aging, µTBS and mode of failure were analysed. The overall bond strength was higher for SD than for CAD (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney test). For both SD and CAD, Equia Forte and Equia Fill showed higher µTBS compared to other GI restoratives (p<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). The most frequent mode of failure was adhesive, followed by mixed failure, with no differences between the subgroups (p>0.05, chi-square test). Novel restorative formulations are likely to provide better bonding properties to both primary SD and CAD compared to previous generations of GI materials.

Background/Aim: The Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine (BJDM) is the official scientific publication of the Balkan Stomatological Society (BaSS), established to promote regional cooperation and the dissemination of dental research. This study aimed to evaluate the journal's publication, collaboration, citation, and thematic patterns over an eleven-year period (2014-2024) using bibliometric methods. Material and Methods: The analysis included all 324 articles published in BJDM between 2014 and 2024. Data were obtained from the Serbian Citation Index (SCIndeks) and supplemented with citation counts from the Web of Science (WoS). After data cleaning and standardization, analyses were conducted in R using the bibliometrix package (version 4.3.3) and its biblioshiny interface. Descriptive indicators and science mapping techniques were applied to examine publication output, authorship, institutional and international collaboration, citation performance, and thematic evolution. Results: Original research articles accounted for about 62% of all publications, with review papers achieving the highest citation rates. Greece and Serbia were the leading contributors, while 13.9% of papers involved international collaboration. The most cited paper (Vouzara et al., 2018) received 14 citations. Keyword and trend analyses revealed consistent focus on core dental fields-prosthodontics, endodontics, and oral surgery-alongside the emergence of newer topics such as dental materials, oral radiology, and forensic dentistry. Conclusions: BJDM has established itself as a stable regional platform for scientific exchange, with growing thematic diversity and modest but increasing international visibility. Strengthening collaboration, encouraging high-quality evidence-based studies, and maintaining consistent publication standards will further enhance the journal's impact and prospects for indexing.

This study aimed to assess dental caries status of 3- to 6-year-old preschool children in the Republic of Serbia. Stratified cluster sampling was implemented. Children were examined in four administrative regions of Serbia. Dental caries indices (decayed, missing, and filled) for deciduous teeth and the first permanent molar were recorded at the tooth level (dmft, DMFT) and surface level (dfs, DFS). In addition to cavitated caries lesions (ICDAS 3-6), visual changes in enamel (ICDAS 1-2) were recorded. This study included 1060 3-year-old and 1820 6-year-old children in Serbia. Fifty-six percent of 3-year-olds and 21% of 6-year-olds were caries-free. The mean dmft was 2.11 ± 3.45 for 3-year-olds and 4.46 ± 3.69 for 6-year-olds. The mean dfs was 2.62 ± 5.56 for 3-year-olds and 6.06 ± 6.33 for 6-year-olds. The decayed component was dominant in dmft/dfs. The prevalence of surfaces with initial lesion was 8% for 3-year-olds and 13% for 6-year-olds. Among children diagnosed with early childhood caries, 54% of 3-year-olds and 37% of 6-year-olds had a severe form. The mean DMFT was 0.15 ± 0.55, with only the first permanent molars being affected. Dental caries remains a significant public dental health issue among preschool children in Serbia. There is a noticeable trend of increasing numbers of decayed teeth as children progress through their preschool years. It is imperative to take corrective action enhance the existing oral health prevention program in Serbia with the aim of achieving better dental health among preschool children.

Objective To evaluate the 5-year clinical performance of a glass hybrid restorative system and a nano-hybrid resin composite in moderate to large two-surface class II cavities. Materials and methods This study was carried out by dental schools in Zagreb, Croatia; Izmir, Turkey; Belgrade, Serbia; and Milan, Italy. A total of 180 patients requiring two class-II two-surface restorations in the molars of the same jaw were recruited. The teeth were randomly restored with either a nano-hybrid resin composite (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent) or a glass-hybrid material (EQUIA Forte, GC). During the 5-year follow-up, two calibrated evaluators at each centre scored the restorations annually using the FDI-2 scoring system. The survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using non-parametric matched pair tests ( p < 0.05). Results There were no statistically significant differences between the overall survival and success rates of the two types of restorations (p>0.05). The success rates (FDI-2 scores 1–3) for EQUIA Forte were 81.9% (average annual failure rate: 3.9%) and 90.7% for Tetric EvoCeram (average annual failure rate: 1.9%). The survival rates (FDI-2 scores 1–4) for EQUIA Forte and Tetric EvoCeram were 94.5% and 94.4%, respectively, with an average annual failure rate of 1.1%. Conclusions In terms of success and survival rates, both the glass-hybrid restorative system and the nano-hybrid resin composite have been shown to perform satisfactorily. Clinical relevance The results of this study indicate that EQUIA Forte can be one of the therapeutic options for moderate to large two-surface class II restorations of posterior teeth.

PURPOSE:To investigate the surface topography and nickel content of nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires exposed to either routine oral hygiene or a prophylactic regimen with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) during orthodontic treatment.METHODS:This in vivo study involved 40 orthodontic patients with fixed appliances, who were randomly assigned to either a routine oral hygiene group or a CPP-ACP supplementary regimen group. Twenty new NiTi archwires served as controls. All archwires underwent scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy to evaluate their surface topography and elemental composition. The nickel content was quantified as a percentage of total weight and the Ni/Ti ratio, and statistical comparisons were made using pairwise tests.RESULTS:Wires exposed to fluoride toothpaste showed signs of pitting corrosion, deep grooves, and corrosion debris. In contrast, wires exposed to supplementary CPP-ACP exhibited smooth surface areas interspersed with microdefects and deposits. Statistically significant differences in nickel content were found between the new and retrieved archwires, as well as between wires exposed to routine oral hygiene and CPP-ACP (P < 0.001). The archwires exposed to CPP-ACP had the lowest nickel content (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The use of CPP-ACP holds promise for application as a safe anticariogenic agent with possible protective properties during orthodontic treatment.

Introduction. A significant proportion of women globally, consti tuting 38%, are obese, among whom 24.5% reside in Europe. Obe sity elevates the risk of premature birth due to associated maternal conditions, such as preeclampsia. The objectives were to assess: variations in demographic and clinical characteristics among preg nant women across groups; the impact of obesity on the incidence of preeclampsia and preterm delivery; and the influence of obesity on newborn characteristics. Methods. One-year prospective study included 133 pregnant wom en gestational age 11-14 gestational week (GW), divided into two groups: OB (41.35%) and CG (58.65%). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results. There is statistically significant difference in average body mass index (BMI) (22.01 ± 1.83 vs. 30.26 ± 4.52; p < 0.001) and de livery time (37.94 ± 2.05 vs. 36.87 ± 2.45; p = 0.003) between CG and OB. Obese pregnant women developed preeclampsia significantly more often than normal weight (61.82% vs. 28.21%; p < 0.001). Body mass index has significant moderate predictive ability to predict preeclampsia (AUC 0.696 (95% CI: [0.601; 0.79]). Higher BMI (OR = 1.19, [1.09; 1.29], p < 0.0001) was associated with higher rates of pre eclampsia. Overweight (OR = 2.41, [1.07; 5.43], p = 0.0335), obesity class I, II and III (OR = 20.36, [4.32; 95.99], p = 0.0001) were associated with higher rates of preeclampsia. A poor negative correlation was found between BMI and GW of pregnancy outcome (p = -0.24; r2 = 0.104; p = 0.006). Higher BMI (β = -0.14, [-0.21; -0.07], p = 0.0002) was associated with lower values of GW of pregnancy outcome. Conclusions. Presence of obesity or overweightness in the first tri mester of pregnancy poses a significant risk factor for preeclampsia and preterm delivery.

Introduction/Objective The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of dental students and young dentists towards caries management and principles of minimum intervention cariology. Methods Students filled in the online questionnaire that included: 1) attitudes and knowledge about the use of caries risk (CR) assessment tools in clinical practice; 2) treatment plans in clinical case scenarios of smooth surface and occlusal caries in relation to CR; 3) impact of different diagnostic procedures on the management of dentin caries, tooth preparation and preferred restoration techniques and materials. Results The majority of students thought that CR should influence the treatment plan. Oral hygiene was considered the most important CR factor. More invasive treatment was chosen in high CR patients. The most important criterion for caries removal was dentin hardness. The majority of students would completely remove soft dentine in deep caries lesions, either in one-step or two-step preparation technique. Composite was the most frequently selected restorative material. Conclusion Conventional approach to caries management is still widely accepted among students and young dentists. Their knowledge of minimum intervention dentistry is limited. Periodic assessment of implemented curriculum and teachers' calibration could serve as resources for improving the teaching process.

Objectives:To identify the involvement of Serbian paediatric dentists in oral health promotion and education, and to propose further actions for the improvement of these activities.Methods:This is an analysis of data collected by a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey of 445 dentists involved in the provision of dental health services to children at the primary healthcare level. We explored dentists' involvement in oral health education and promotion and the cooperation with other health professionals at the healthcare centre and the community level as well as their attitudes towards the importance of some factors influencing their work.Results:Dentists estimate their cooperation with different services with ratings higher than 3 on the scale of 1 to 5. They reported the highest satisfaction in cooperation with paediatric services for preschool and schoolchildren (4.0±1.0). At the community level, they reported excellent cooperation with kindergartens (4.4±0.8), while collaboration with Roma health mediators (3.14±1.34) and nongovernmental organizations (2.5±1.4) received lower ratings. According to the average rating (4.7±0.7), dentists perceive the motivation of patients and/or their guardians for keeping good oral health as the factor with the highest importance for the quality of interventions they provide.Conclusions:Dentists involved in the provision of dental healthcare for children and adolescents in primary healthcare centres in Serbia participate in different oral healthcare education and promotion activities in the community, and highlight the importance of strengthening cooperation with healthcare and other professionals and services aimed at vulnerable population groups, both within the health sector and nongovernmental organizations.

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) requires systematically collected and standardized data. Aim: To describe a novel multilevel calibration procedure in primary dentition. Design: Calibration method involved two calibration levels: the first (L-1) involved an interexaminer agreement between three main investigators, the group leaders (GLs) in the following level; the second level (L-2) involved three groups of 11 paediatric dentists and interexaminer agreement assessment according to the GLs in each group. The study sample consisted of 650 primary teeth surfaces in eight children (mean age 6.56 +/- 2.22 years). Surface-by-surface percent agreement, tooth-by-tooth percent agreement, Cohen's kappa, and Fleiss kappa statistics were used to calculate interexaminer reliability. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 27.0. Results: Surface-by-surface percent agreement regarding ICDASepi-merged revealed almost perfect agreement (>90.00%) on both L-1 and L-2. Kappa values and ranges showed good agreement at both L-1 (overall kappa = .95) and L-2 (overal kappa = .98) and almost perfect consistency was detected between GLs at L-1 (>91.30%) and substantial agreement at L-2 (>85.00%). All examiners at L-2 showed almost perfect positive agreement (sensitivity = 96.77%-100%) when detecting the presence of dental plaque. Conclusion: The calibration procedure appeared feasible prior to organizing multicenter epidemiological oral health survey in large population groups of preschool children, with higher number of examiners.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the ingestion of toothpaste and its sequelae. The study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO database. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted across multiple databases, resulting in the inclusion of 18 relevant publications. Eligible studies encompassed various designs and included both children and adults as the study population. Data extraction was carried out systematically, and relevant information on study characteristics, interventions, and outcomes were collected. The assessment of bias was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Tools showing variations of bias among the included studies. The overall risk of systemic toxicity was found to be low, and no severe or life-threatening events were reported in the included studies. Furthermore, some toothpaste formulations containing higher concentrations of fluoride were associated with an increased risk of dental fluorosis. These findings have several implications for practice and policy. Healthcare providers and dental professionals should emphasize the importance of promoting safe toothpaste use, especially in vulnerable populations such as young children who are more prone to accidental ingestion. Public health campaigns and educational initiatives should aim to raise awareness about appropriate toothpaste usage and the potential risks. In addition, toothpaste manufacturers and regulatory bodies should consider revising guidelines and regulations to ensure the safety of oral care products, including the appropriate concentration of active ingredients. Future research should focus on investigating the long-term effects of toothpaste ingestion, exploring potential interactions between different active ingredients, and evaluating the efficacy of current preventive measures.

INTRODUCTION:Comprehensive and interprofessional undergraduate teaching and training in special care dentistry (SCD) could influence future dentists' attitudes towards patients with disabilities. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of role play as part of SCD training on the attitudes of undergraduates towards patients with disabilities.METHOD:The students attending the SCD module during the autumn semester of 2019 comprised our target population. A quasi-experimental design was used to compare the attitudinal scores between three groups of students exposed to different modalities of SCD teaching: group 1 - didactic teaching (N = 92), group 2 - didactic teaching and clinical training in the dental treatment of children or elderly patients with disabilities (N = 142), group 3 - theoretical teaching and clinical training, accompanied by role play sessions featuring persons with disabilities (N = 20). The contact rate was 100%. The outcomes of the intervention were measured using the altruism scale, which forms part of the International Association for Disability and Oral Health (iADH) Toolbox for measuring attitudes and intended behaviors towards persons with disabilities.RESULTS:The analysis revealed the two-factor structure of the nine-item altruism scale. The first factor was described as the acceptance of oral health care as a universal human right, while the second was the perception of the contribution of marginalised groups, including people with disabilities, to the community. The students participating in the role play scored higher on both factors in comparison to those attending other modes of SCD training.CONCLUSION:The presented findings suggested role play as a powerful tool in fostering positive attitudes towards persons with disabilities in the education of dental students and highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary training.

Background: The prevention of preterm delivery (PTD) represents one of the major topics in modern obstetrics. The aim was to design a prospective study and investigate if mid-trimester serum and amniotic fluid levels of MCP-1 could predict the occurence of spontaneous PTD. Methods: The study involved 198 women who underwent genetic amniocentesis and blood sampling in the middle of their trimester. After applying the criteria for inclusion in the study, there were 16 respondents in the study group, and 38 respondents in the control group. Level of MCP-1 in amniotic fluid and serum was measured with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and statistical analysis was conducted. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in serum or amniotic fluid MCP1 levels between PTD and the control groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that MCP-1 is probably not the most relevant marker for predicting PTD. This study provides new normative data for MCP-1 levels in amniotic fluid and maternal sera and is a valuable tool for future diagnostic and comparative studies.

Background/Aim: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is pervasive neurodevelopmental condition with raising prevalence over the last decades. Oral health related problems arise mostly due to challenging behavior, communication limitation, and resistance to receiving dental treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the frequency, quality and type of dental care during routine appointments and under general anesthesia (GA) in persons with ASD. Matreial and Methods: The data were obtained in retrospective cross-sectional study by analyzing patients' records from the central electronic database of the Clinic for Dentistry of Vojvodina. Demographic, medical and dental data were analyzed employing Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test and CATREG regression analysis. Results: A total of 51 patients from 4.2-47.6 years of age had an average of 13.2 ±13.5 dental appointments, with 2.27±4.23 treatments done under GA in a period of 7 years. The average number of restored teeth was 3.64±4.42 and 4.64±5.95 teeth were extracted. Only 21.5% of participants regularly attended scheduled appointments. Patients who started oral health care earlier had more teeth restored and extracted during RDT, and were less subjected to treatment under GA. Conclusions: Dental services to patients with ASD are commonly limited to more radical approach comprising multiple teeth extractions and repeated treatment under GA. It is of utmost importance to tailor comprehensive plan for dental care provision in individuals with ASD at earliest possible age.

Background/Aim: The requirements for dental specialties and the number of specialists in each country are unique and strong indicator of the availability and affordability of primary health care for children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern, type and the extent of dental services, as well as the influence of regional factors and data on whether services are provided by a pediatric dentist or general dentist have effect on these parameters, based on information obtained from dentists providing dental care to children and youth. Material and Methods: Within the project "Program for the improvement of oral health of children and youth in the Republic of Serbia", supported by the Ministry of Health of Serbia, a research was conducted among dentists involved in dental care for children and youth in Serbia. Data collection from primary health care facilities was performed through a specially designed questionnaire. A total of 445 questionnaires were collected from dentists from 102 health centers in Serbia in the period June - October 2019. Results: There are significant differences between regions in the pattern, type and the extent of dental services. In the quantitative analysis, there are no significant differences in the type of dental services between pediatric and preventive dentistry specialists and general dentists. Conclusions: The data from the conducted research speak in favor of a large daily workload of dentists who deliver oral health care for children and youth in Serbia. Additional multifactorial analysis, which includes epidemiological data from the region, but also environmental, demographic and cultural parameters of oral health could be the basis for improving the provision of preventive dental and preventive oral care