以樟子松板、柞木板、不锈钢板、平板玻璃板、花岗岩板、石膏板等6种材料为试材,运用分位数转换与粒子群算法-支持向量回归(PSO-SVR)算法对6种材料的隔声、吸声、光泽度、光反射率、心理感受、心理温度冷暖感6个特性进行实验,建立室内装饰界面材料生态学属性模型,并依据均方根误差、决定系数对回归算法与预处理算法进行对比.结果表明:PSO-SVR模型优于支持向量回归(SVR)模型;原始数据使用分位数转换与缩放器处理后,效果最好;使用6种装饰材料的6个特性进行建模可行.

为了提升传统烫蜡工艺处理后木材的表面性能,采用3种质量分数(0.5％、1.0％、2.0％)的纳米ZnO分别对烫蜡原料蜂蜡进行共混改性,并按照传统烫蜡工艺对缅甸花梨木试件进行表面改性蜂蜡烫蜡处理.采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对处理材的微观形貌及纳米材料分散情况进行表征,通过分析处理材表面的耐紫外老化性、疏水性及抗菌性,探讨不同纳米ZnO含量对烫蜡后木材表面性能的影响.结果表明:经纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡烫蜡后的木材表面的颜色稳定性、疏水性和抗菌性均得到了明显改善.质量分数为1％的纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡处理材的表面性能最佳;96 h紫外老化后,其总色差较纯蜂蜡处理材降低了42％,接触角始终保持在102°以上;具备了显著的抗菌性,抑菌率可达65％.纳米ZnO改性蜂蜡烫蜡后的木器颜色能够持久稳定,对于烫蜡木器使用范围的扩展具有重要意义.

In order to increase the bonding strength of the wood-Pb foil composites, we studied the bonding properties of the wood-Pb and wood-Pb composites reinforced GF, and discussed the optimum ratio of isocyanates to emulsion adhesive and effect of GF content on the bonding strength between wood-GF/Pb sandwich plates.When the volume ratio between isocya-nates and emulsion adhesive is 1 ∶1, the bond strength is highest, reaching 1.142 2MPa .The bonding strength of the wood-Pb composite is increased with the addition of GF.The bonding strength is increased firstly, and then decreased with the increasing of content of GF.When GF content is 1.5%in weight, the bonding strength is up to a maximum of 1.436 7 MPa.

In order to improve the aging properties of beeswax light traditional hot wax surface , with Burmese rosewood for the substrate, nano-TiO2 was prepared by mixing beeswax blend direct way .By testing hot wax board chromatic parameters , surface gloss, contact angle, and texture, beeswax surface properties by adding TiO 2 were evaluated those by the traditional hot wax.Adding nano-TiO2 hot wax on the surface of the wood had a better performance , and nanoT-iO 2 of 0.5%worked best for hot wax beeswax wood surface improvement .

Dyeing experiments were performed on pretreated wheat straw with direct dye,reactive dye and basic dye in high temperature soaking conditions. According to the color indexes and the dye uptake rate,the effects of pretreatments on the staining effect were investigated to optimize the dye type and pretreatment process. The results showed that,after stained by direct dye,basic dye and reactive dye,the △E*values of wheat straw pretreated by 1% NaOH were 46. 27,49. 52 and 57. 31 and the dye uptake rates were 43. 71%,50. 12% and 75. 00%,respectively. The reactive dye had better performance in terms of color and dye uptake rate.

The rice-straw particleboard overlaid with sliced bamboo veneer was manufactured with PVAc,and the physical and mechanical properties were studied.The results showed that the MOR and MOE of the overlaid particleboard were excellent,and the surface bonding strength was good.The particleboard could have warm water resistant and not have hot water resistant.The micro-morphology of overlaid particleboard was observed by SEM,and the FT-IR of materials was analyzed.The micro-cracks and hydrophilic groups made the particleboard lost bonding property under the condition of high temperature and humidity.The overlaid particleboard has the bamboo's beautiful color and texture,and also has the excellent physical and mechanical properties of rice-straw particleboard,so it can be widely used as interior decoration material and non-load-bearing packaging material.

<正>社会创新与服务设计可以通过非物质化、重复使用和恢复来实现。在现实生活中,很多的创新不仅仅发生在实验室,而且也发生在社会中,我们可以把发生在社会中的创新叫作"社会创新"。设计师几乎设计了我们周围人为环境中的一切事物。如何引导新资源的开发,如何利用现有资源,如何控制所设计的这些事物在生产系统及使用系统中对环境产生的影响,如何看待

Artistic features of the ornamental patterns appeared in the traditional storage furniture in Inner Mongolia were discussed from the views of form and connotation.The external forms included the features such as symmetry and balance,unification and variation,contrast and harmony.The internal meanings of the patterns included worship complex,military tradition,and good wishes for life.The discussion would be helpful for the design of modern furniture with national features.

In order to utilize rice straw as a resource,this paper investigated the bleaching technology of rice straw as covering material for eco-friendly wood-based panel.The effects of bleaching agent concentration,temperature,ultrasonic frequency and bleaching time on chromatic values were analyzed.The results showed that the optimum bleaching parameters were as follows: bleaching agent concentration of 5%,bleaching temperature of 30℃,ultrasonic frequency of 28 kHz and bleaching time of 60min.Rice straw bleached in this condition was clear and white.The whiteness(W) and color difference(△E*) were 71.86 and 14.90 respectively.The lightness of the bleached rice straw was lowered after 120 h of ultraviolet radiation.△W of bleached rice straw decreased to 4.0,and △E* reached 6.2 after 72 h radiation.

Based on the design concept of packaging reduction,the preparation technology of thin rice-straw particleboard was studied to provide material support for green packaging design.The effects of hot pressing temperature,hot pressing time and resin content of phenol formaldehyde resin(PF) on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard were studied under the condition of 2% MDI resin content.The internal bonding strength and thickness swelling of the thin rice-straw particleboard manufactured using the best production technology did not meet the national standard.When MDI resin content increases to 3%,the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard manufactured using the best production technology,which is the hot pressing temperature of 150 ℃,the hot pressing time of 2.0 min/mm,the PF resin content of 14%,and the liquid paraffin content of 1%,meets the requirements of the national standard.

利用分形理论对水曲柳木材三点弯曲断裂和冲击断裂的断面进行定量研究,探索木材断裂的分形特性以及定量地分析木材断裂机制.试验中,利用计算机图像处理技术从微观和宏观的角度提取断裂面图像信息,并通过小岛法计算分形维数,分析分形维数与弹性模量,抗弯强度和冲击韧性的关系.结果显示,木材断面微观和宏观形态在一定的尺度范围内存在自相似性,具有分形特征;材料裂纹试样的分形维数2.601 2高于无裂纹试样的分形维数2.566 3,而裂纹试样的弹性模量6.17 MPa和抗弯强度105.17 MPa均小于无裂纹试样的弹性模量7.08 MPa和抗弯强度109.18 MPa;抗弯强度与断裂面分形维数之间的线性关系明显,弹性模量与分形维数之间线性关系不明显.木材冲击断裂面的分形维数2.607 8要高于弯曲断裂面分形维数2.566 3,但是与裂纹试样弯曲断裂面的分形维数值2.601 2接近;而且,水曲柳的冲击韧性和断裂韧性与分形维数之间呈明显的线性关系.更多还原

This paper explored the processing performance and problems of modern furniture which are made of recombinant bamboo. Based on in-depth interview investigation method, this paper was summarized the processing problems and the influence on processing efficiency, subsequent processing and the final product. By analyzing cause of the processing problems, the paper put forward to some solutions for each one of the process.

The vibration signals come from the wood with different diameter hole defects were processed and analyzed to realize the nondestructive test of the wood hole diameters.First,the vibration signals were collected by knocking the wood surfaces with and without holes,then the frequency spectrum analyses on the vibration signals were carried out,the feature vectors were extracted and taken as the training samples.The nonlinear neural network model that reflects the relationship between the signal features and hole diameters was constructed.The model was trained with the obtained training samples and employed to carry out the nondestructive test of the wood hole diameters.The results show that with the increasing of the hole diameters,the frequency corresponding to the frequency spectrum maximum of the vibration signal decreases gradually;and compared with that of the vibration signals for the wood surface without holes,when the signal frequency spectrum of the vibration signals for the wood surface with holes is employed to train the BP neural network model,the obtained simulation performance of the model is better.The correlation coefficients between the simulation output and the target value are all above 0.98;the recognition accuracy of the hole diameters is above 93.5%.The optimum BP neural network for recognizing hole diameters is one-layer network model with the hidden nodes of 6 and the transfer function is tangent sigmoid.

This paper analyzed two transformations of Shanghai Nanshi power plant from sustainable design,collated and summarized some methods to achieve sustainable design in two transformation process to Shanghai Nanshi power plant on the basis summarizing sustainable building design ideas,in order to supplement the research on abandoned industrial building sustainable design.

<正>一个展览也许从展后带给人们的影响与思考中更能体现其价值。北京国际设计三年展虽已结束,但其中有许多经历至今仍值得回味。在"知竹"分主题展览中除了来自国内外设计师设计的竹制展品外,还有一句话一直萦绕在脑海里,一个参观展览的中国观众面对一件出自美国设计师的Nung椅作品惊呼"这是竹子做的吗?"这句话让笔

皖南古村落群是世界文化保护遗产,极具代表性的西递及宏村是我国及世界文化遗产中最为摧残的一颗明珠。皖南古村落群多集中在安徽省内淮河以南的地区,故称皖南地区古建筑群。皖南地区历史、文化积累深厚,自明清时期以来,遗留下大量古建筑群。例如,古祠堂、古民居及古牌坊等,保存完好,至今仍有很多学者考察及研究。本文通过四个方面,探索皖南古建筑在明清时期兴盛的原因。

Based on introducing Yabai ruler,to begin with the octal number system,the paper deduces that both geomancer's nonary ruler and craftsmen's decimal ruler origin from Jiugong system,and describes the philosophical meaning of Yabai ruler from three aspects of Jiugongfeibai,the balance of yin and yang,and five elements of health grams,with a view to provide guidance for studying traditional Chinese buildings and implements design.

This paper took antique beds in "Southern Yangtze Bed Museum" as an example to analyze the decoration features in detail through three aspects,which are decoration parts,decoration techniques and decoration content.Although it couldn't completely represent the canopy beds in this area,I hope readers can know something about the art,the culture and even the life there.

Kang Baiwan Manor was founded between the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,which was one of the examples of feudal fortress style architecture in the central China.There existed a large number of ancient furniture in the Manor representing the style of that period.The decorative art of the furniture in the Manor was discussed in terms of the location,the subjects and the technique of decoration to provide some reference for the research of the antique houses and the furniture in Henan Province during the Ming and Qing periods.

<正>中国传统家具制作技艺有着悠久的历史,蕴含着人类几千年灿烂的文明,经过了不断地完善和发展,到了明清时期,逐渐形成了一种耐人寻味的硬术家具制作技艺。其以用材考究、造型简练、比例适度、结构科学、装饰精美著称于世。经过数千年的传承,明清时期的匠师们通过这一精湛的制作技艺将木材材性、造型形式及悠悠之传统文化巧妙地融为一体,使器物本身实现了人与自然、个体与社会、理性与感情、物质与心灵的完美统一。"板料拼合"属于明清硬木家具制作技艺中木作工艺的范畴,具体指的是将较窄面板拼成较