研究从国家层面考察了创业与经济发展的关系,并且检验创业对不同经济发展阶段国家的影响以及二者关系随时间的变化.采用《全球创业观察》2009-2015年的数据进行实证分析,考察不同经济发展阶段国家的创业活动特点以及早期创业活动对不同发展国家GDP增长率的影响.结果显示,不同发展阶段国家创业活动水平不同,要素驱动国家创业活跃度普遍较高,创新驱动国家相对较低,效率驱动国家处于二者之间.创业活动是促进经济增长的重要引擎,尤其是对于创新驱动和效率驱动发展阶段的国家来说.

目的:为了解社区老年人健康状况.方法:采用调查问卷访谈填写的方法对社区60岁以上的老年人基本情况与健康状况进行调查.结果:社区老年人以初中文化为主,与其子女联系紧密,多数老年人忙于照顾孙子女或老人,社区老人收入差距较大,支出以食品为主.87.5％的老年人对健康体检认识正确,仅40％的老年人进行定期体检,60％的老年人体重超重,50％的老年人患有高血压.结论;社区老年人普遍患有慢性病,高血压成为老年人的普遍疾病,肥胖是影响老年健康的重要因素,独生子女老人比例上升,传统家庭养老面临转型.

Human body is considered as a complex network system,its pathogenesis is resulted from interactions of various factors,molecular network anomalies including multi-pathway and multi-target.So the treatment mode of drug with the only single target can not meet the demands of the complex diseases.It has given a powerful support to utilization of combinational drug with the emergence of network science such as system biology,network pharmacology.In this paper,taken as a key point,the origin,concept of combinational drug and trend of development in combination of Chinese and Western medicine have been reviewed in detail.It is also clarified in this paper that the generation of drug combination which integrates the advantage of characteristics of Chinese and Western medicine is the objective requirements of the complex human life system and the multiple pathogenic mechanisms,as well as the inevitable trend of modern drug development and show a broad development and application prospect.

The capital suburbs have more location advantages and technical advantage than any other region in the development of the recycling agriculture. Summarizing and analyzing the agriculture development mode of the capital, researching development countermeasures of recycling agriculture can promote the efficiency of agriculture and farmers' income, realize the sustainable development of agriculture and the region ecological environment improvement. It is the basic part of society of the economic and social system comprehensive development in the capita and establishing cycle society.

Electronic commerce is quickly embraced and affects the agricultural economy in various elds.The rapid development of agricultural electronic commerce is necessary to agriculture,agricultural E-commerce must be the agricultural economic development booster.

In order to know how to develop circular agriculture in grape planting areas,a case of Yanqing County in Beijing City was studied.Three new development models of circular agriculture in grape planting areas was designed according to the functional localization of Yanqing County and status of grape planting,which including the industry chain of main grape products,the industry chain of vice grape product and industry chain of tourism and demonstration of science popularization.The new model was also systemically discussed by using the theory of circular economy.The results indicated that the new model is an ideal model for developing circular agriculture in grape planting areas and has a bright future.

随着农业种植结构的调整,蔬菜种植面积不断扩大,为了探讨蔬菜产区怎样发展循环农业,采用理论分析和实地调研相结合的方法,分析了蔬菜生产现状,从减量化、再利用和再循环3个方面对蔬菜产区发展循环农业进行了模式设计。

本文分析了SaaS模式应用于我国中小企业信息化的优势,阐述了中小企业该如何选择SaaS产品,并指出了SaaS面临的安全隐患.

China's agriculture needs to improve modernization level.The application of Internet of Things technology in agricultural production and scientific research is an important step for modern agriculture based on application of new information technology to approach.Through the analysis of the concept and application characteristics of Internet of Things in agriculture,it demonstrates that Internet of Things has a promising growth future and,in view of its agriculture application problems,suggestion to accelerate the application of Internet of Things in agriculture in China was put forward.

The current status of development of mountainous area in Beijing City was informed and the connotation of valley economy was defined in the paper.Achievements and characters of development of valley economy in Beijing City were analyzed.Measures for promoting the development of valley economy in mountainous area of Beijing City were considered from such aspects as innovating mechanism of valley economy development,implementing new pattern of development,and increasing financial support,etc.It was pointed out that the valley economy is one kind of new model of mountainous area development,and it paved the sustainable development way which was ecological friendly.

Mountainous areas in Beijing were capital ecological conservation district.It was an important task to promote development of mountainous economy on base of locating ecological function of capital mountainous areas.Taking Huairou District for example,the condition on how to develop under-forest economy was analyzed in eco-conservation zone.Two under-forest economic patterns,forest-fungus and forest-fowl,were discussed.Some suggestions on how to develop under-forest economy were given.

Circular agriculture is a kind of environment-friendly and sustainable agriculture development model. In order to promote the development of circular agriculture,this article introduced a new development model of circular agriculture -Guiyuan model by applying the methods of theory analysis and field investigation. Guiyuan model is an organic development model,whose aim is to produce organic fresh milk. It combines fodder planting and processing,cow breeding,organic milk processing,wastes recycling and sight-seeing. The model of Guiyuan suits the development of ecological conservation areas in Beijing and therefore has a promising market.

The high temperature compost experiment which lasted 60 days used vegetable wastes,cow dung and corn stalks as material in Yanqing organic agriculture demonstration base of Beijing.The C/N of initial complex material was 21.3,and its content of water was 61.5%.The test results showed that in vegetable wastes and cow dung the content of nutrient and water were very high,but the C/N and the content of heavy metals were very low.Therefore it wasn't enough to only compost vegetable wastes and cow dung.In order to achieve more suitable compost condition,corn stalks,which contained high C/N and low content of water,should be added.The experiment showed that it was feasible to compost vegetable wastes and cow dung,which could solve the problem of local agricultural wastes and the shortage of organic fertilizer in organic agricultural production.

Beijing mountainous region as the ecological barrier area, construct of the ecological environment is its top priority. In order for the building of mountainous region ecosystems more effective, fully show the ecological barrier function of mountainous region, the paper divides the ecological barrier function into different areas, based on the environmental characteristics of the mountainous region as well as the problems of the existing ecological environment, and puts forward the corresponding building measures aiming at different functional areas, providing decisionmaking basis for effectively building the capital mountain ecological barrier system.

Cycling agriculture is an important part of circular economy in China.The paper presents that the cycling agriculture model based on composting project is an important pattern which appeals agricultural development of China at present.The paper also discusses the structure of this model and its economic,social and environmental benefits.The development potential of this model was analyzed.Some advice about the policy to generalize this model was given.