[目的/意义]图书馆建筑空间和自然人文环境融合能够有效地促进阅读,对国际图联"IFLA/Systematic年度公共图书馆奖"提名或获奖图书馆和获得美国"AIA/ALA图书馆建筑设计奖"图书馆的自然人文环境展开研究,能够为我国图书馆在旧馆扩建或新馆建设中建筑空间体现自然人文环境提供参考和借鉴.[方法/过程]采用网络调查法和案例分析法对获奖图书馆中馆舍内外部空间的自然人文环境建设较好的部分图书馆进行归纳分析,总结这些图书馆空间建设的相关实践经验.[结果/结论]推动二者的融合发展,需要创新设计理念与更强有力的理论支撑,同时引导图书馆充分利用自然景观、进一步挖掘地域文化,并最优组合促进阅读的空间因素.

地理是一门综合性比较强的学科,兼具人文性以及自然性.现代化网络技术的不断进步,为教学领域的实际发展带来了新的契机.高中阶段的区域地理非常复杂,知识结构有一定的逻辑性,对学生来说有一定的挑战性.因此,将微课这种现代化的教学技术运用到高中区域地理的教学中有一定优势.文章从微课在高中区域地理教学中应用的必然性和可行性出发,探讨了如何运用微课开展区域地理教学.

With the demand for higher quality of service, there is a need for accurate and prompt measurements of the network performances, especially the bandwidth estimation metrics. This paper defineds the network model for bandwidth measurement. And introduces the main techniques of bandwidth measurement and related research works. It analyzes the problems presented in the existing techniques, and proposes research goal and project.

Link bandwidth is a basic metric for network performance analysis and capacity planning and optimization The commonly used method for link bandwidth measurement is VPS(variable packet size) with limitation of precision affected by deviation accumulation and cross traffic An improved bandwidth measurement method based on VPS named PTVS(packet train with variable size) is proposed for random link PTVS can elminate infections of deviation accumulation caused by hop-by-hop measurement and cross traffic It is shown that PTVS has merits of precision, high efficiency and speed from measurement on operated network The other metrics offered by PTVS include RTT, one-way delay, packet loss rate, end-to-end bottleneck bandwidth, and utilization of link

Bandwidth metrics are necessary for network plan,management and performance optimization. For its merits, for example with capacity of measurement end-to-end bandwidth across several autonomous systems, a lot of algorithms on bandwidth active measurement were proposed. To compare and analyse existing methodologies is the basic for design of more precise, effective and robust bandwidth measurement algorithms. The metrics are proposed for performance evaluation of these methodologies. The limitations are discussed from principle and experimental result with bandwidth measurement experiment. Eliminating the affection of deviation accumulation and cross traffic is research direction for improving existing bandwidth measurement methodologies. An improved bandwidth measurement method is proposed for eliminating infections of deviation accumulation caused by hop by hop measurement and cross traffic.