近年来,黑木耳常用栽培基质主料如杂木屑、棉籽壳成本上升明显.为提高兴安县黑木耳栽培原料本地化替代率,实现节本增效,本试验添加不同配比竹屑废料栽培黑木耳,以产量为主要指标,选出最适合竹屑废料的添加比例.结果表明,利用竹屑废料栽培黑木耳5个处理与对照的产量相差不大,可见在黑木耳栽培过程中完全可以用竹屑废料代替杂木屑,可根据竹屑废料、杂木屑原料获取便利程度在合理比例范围添加.试验结果为充分利用本地生态资源,促进黑木耳栽培生产原料本地化提供科学依据.

通过观察藏红花在广西桂林的引种表现,认为藏红花在桂林地区宜采取室内采花和田间种球繁育"二段法"栽培技术,其适宜性、种球丰产性、抗性和药材品质等综合性状表现良好.藏红花在桂林栽培的关键在于选用15 g以上的无病种球,于11月上旬在田间种植,翌年5月初采收种球并将其避光贮存至室内阴凉处,9月下旬开始萌芽,11月初在室内采收第一批花,随后移栽田间采收第二批花.本文针对藏红花在桂林的引种表现和栽培技术进行了综合性阐述,以期为名贵中药材藏红花的引进和产业发展提供参考依据.

试验通过将5种桑黄菌种转入PDA斜面培养基上,了解菌丝的两极生长情况,观测菌丝生长速度和形态颜色.结果表明,不同菌种间的菌丝生长长度、速度的最大、最小和平均值均有差异.从22d培养期整体上看,菌丝生长速度在接种后前8d生长较慢,金桑前期明显较快;各菌种均在第11～14d出现单个峰值,然后下降;平均速度龙桑、S8和金桑较快,云桑、S0较慢.从菌丝颜色形态看,云桑和S0颜色金黄艳丽,菌丝浓密紧凑,长势整齐,较为接近;龙桑和S8黄色偏浅,菌丝密而末端蓬松,较为接近;金桑黄色偏深,菌丝长成后迅速变为褐色,密而末端舒张.菌丝生长比较结果为菌种评价和筛选提供依据.

灵芝是药食同源、消费量大的药用真菌.广西发挥绿色生态优势,发展林下灵芝种植并成为一项优势特色的林下经济产业.近年来虽然面积稳中有增,但单产和效益有所降低.笔者经长期的实地调研发现,生产中存在导致低产的原因主要有病虫害、种植环境、接种养菌时间等,企业和芝农可在这几方面采取相应技术改良措施,以期提高单产和品质.

新冠病毒肺炎疫情发生以来,政府采取一系列及时有力的措施防控疫情,但疫情也对广西食用菌产业发展带来重大不利影响.食用菌生产、销售等各个环节均脱离正常秩序.为最大限度减少损失,建议及时采取相应措施,早日恢复产业常态.

2019年8月21日,广西特色作物研究院有关负责人到其食药用菌研发中心检查,观察到桑黄生长良好,栽培成功.这是广西首次引进桑黄品种并成功栽培. 经过考察筛选,2017年广西特色作物研究院引进4个优良桑黄菌株并批量栽培,在高温季节通过温湿度调控保障桑黄生长条件.

试验引进二氧化氯、增抗剂、促酵剂和克霉王等4种食用菌消毒剂,开展药剂拌料+常压高温蒸汽法对食用菌栽培料灭菌技术试验;结果表明:通过与传统方法比较,筛选出二氧化氯3000倍+灭菌6 h和增抗剂拌料+灭菌6 h的食用菌栽培料常压灭菌技术对菌丝生长、子体实形态和产量不良影响小,菌袋污染率低.同时具有节省灭菌时间,节约能源,减少成本等优势,可以在食用菌生产中广泛推广应用.

试验对象为4个双孢蘑菇品种:As2796、9629、9505、152.通过对菌株在母种、原种、栽培种和大床料上菌丝生长速度、生长势及相同条件下不同菌株的产量比较试验,初步得出结论,As2796适应性强、产量高、品质优,在两季的测产中,平均单产9.02 kg/㎡,适宜在生产上推广应用,已作为桂北地区的当家品种.

针对常规的固体菌种栽培时间周期长、效率低,造成市场上供不应求的现状,进行了双孢蘑菇As2796液体菌种接种固化培养的试验与应用.结果表明,生产双孢蘑菇菌种采用液体菌种来扩接固体麦粒栽培种,培养菌种的时间要比固体菌种接种快,缩短了生产周期,减少了菌种退化和变异,增强了抗风险能力,提高了生产效益.

大红柑是鲜食加工兼用品种,果皮为最正宗的陈皮原料.近10年来,广西南部大红柑产业经历低谷后逐渐转强,种植面积现已达到约2000 hm2,丰产期1 hm2果品产量可达50000 kg左右,产值达150 000元.用大红柑制作陈皮和陈皮茶等加工业延伸产业链和附加值,社会和经济效益显著.同时,苗木安全、柑橘黄龙病风险、栽培管理、加工工艺、企业品牌等弱项制约行业发展.

通过选用"食用菌原料催熟营养剂"对双孢蘑菇培养料进行发酵处理,使培养料在较短的时间内完成营养的降解及转化,减少了营养的损耗,解决前期培养料堆制发酵时间长、劳动强度大、发酵不理想等问题.

本文阐释了二氧化氯、增抗剂等2种食用菌消毒剂的作用机理和优点,以及采用制剂拌料+常压蒸汽法灭菌处理方法应用于食用菌栽培料的制备技术.经过3年试验示范筛选出二氧化氯3000倍水溶液+灭菌6 h和增抗剂拌料+灭菌6h的食用菌栽培料常压灭菌方法,并做好后续生产管理.探索总结了全过程的技术要点,便于在食用菌生产中推广应用.

【Objective】The present experiment was conducted to study whether or not Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(Las)-infected seed could transmit huanglongbing to provide the scientific basis for making control strategy of huanglongbing. 【Method】Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(Las) was detected with single closed tube dual primer by using Taq Man real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(STDP-q PCR) method, which was collected from huanglongbing-infected pummelo tree [Citrus maxima(Burm.) Merr. cv. Shatian T. T. Yu]. And the growth of pummelo seedlings was observed. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in germinated seedling was detected by using STDP-q PCR. 【Result】Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus was detected out from two tested seed samples. Among the 108 sowed seeds, 91(84.3%)seeds could germinate. Partial pummelo seedlings showed symptoms of abnormal leaf or yellow leaf at the beginning of growth, while these seedlings returned to normal later then. None of leaf samples collected from 91 Shatianpummelo seedlings at 30, 60, 90, 180 and 360 days post-germinating(dpg) was positive to STDP-q PCR detection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. 【Conclusion】Whether or not Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus-infected seed can transmit huanglongbing hasn't been confirmed.

桂林市北部山区发展猕猴桃生产有着优越的自然环境及传统的猕猴桃资源优势,同时也面临着生产基础薄弱、技术落后、生产投入不足等刺约因素,解放思想,创新机制,加大对猕猴桃财政投入和扶持力度,大力推行高标准建园及栽培管理技术,加快猕猴桃生产发展进程,做大做强猕猴桃产业,是推动桂北山区猕猴桃生产快速发展的根本之路.

‘Huayu’is a new watermelon hybrid cultivar. It is early maturing. Its growth and disease resistance are mild strong. Fruit-setting is excellent. The fruit is long-round or oval in shape. Its smooth skin is green with dark green longitudinal stripes. It has thin peel,red and crispy flesh,small and brown seeds. The weight of single melon is 2.3–3.0 kg. The center sugar content of the fruit is about 11%. The fruit maturing stage is 28–30 days.

An experiment has been conducted to elucidate the physiological mechanism of flower and fruit dropping in late-ripening variety of Jiaogan mandarins during the year 2006 ~2007.The results showed that in 2006,the flower dropping began from mid March to late April with the peak times,from March,11-15 to April,18-25.In 2007,the flower dropping began from mid March to mid April with the peak time from March,29 to April,2.In 2006,the first physiological fruit dropping was from mid April to early of June with the peak times of April,19-25 and May,7-14;the second physiological fruit dropping was from early of May to early of July with the peak time of May,17-23.In 2007,the first physiological fruit dropping began from early March to early June with three peak times of April,1-2,April 15-17,and May,3-9;the second physiological fruit dropping was from May,1 to early June,with two peak times of May,4-11 and 16-24,respectively.The physiological fruit dropping in late-ripening variety of Jiaogan mandarins was varied with changes in temperature during different years,and the fruit setting rate was observed from 2.42% to 2.46% during these years.

阐述了迟熟蕉柑在桂林的种植表现,并从培育壮苗、科学施肥、间种豆科绿肥、合理疏芽、修剪、合理疏果、病虫害防治等方面介绍了其栽培技术,以供种植户参考.

It is of important significance on studying the flower bud differentiation rule of late-ripening Jiaogan to regulate flower bud differentiation and improve the quality and yield of fruit.In the experiment,the differentiation process of flower bud of lateripening Jiaogan was observed by paraffin method from 2006 to 2007,and the process of morphologi-cal differentiation and morphological characteristics of flower buds at different stages of late-ripening Jiaogan were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the differentiation of floral primordia of flower buds of late-ripening Jiaogan began in November,and mainly concentrated in last ten-day of November and first ten-day of December.In last ten-day of November,the sepal primordium began to appear and the fastest differentiation stage was in February and March of the next year.In the last ten-day of February,the petal differentiation appeared.The differentiation time of flower buds had certain differences in different years.Moreover,the flower bud differentiation of late-ripening Jiaogan was late,the early stage of flower bud differentiation and forming stage of sepals were lasting for a longer time and the flower bud differentiation was more dispersed,each differentiation stage of flower bud was overlapping with another.Therefore,to ensure the successful differentiation of floral organs,the key was to improve the plant nutrient of late-ripening Jiaoganin in autumn and winter.

对福本和纽荷尔花芽分化时期和形态解剖特征进行研究,以便为桂林地区早熟脐橙的花期花量调控提供科学依据.采用石蜡切片法对福本和纽荷尔脐橙花芽分化过程进行解剖观察研究.研究表明:福本和纽荷尔花芽分化都从10月下旬开始,但在时间上也存在一定的差异,其中福本多数集中在12月中上旬,历时3.5个月;纽荷尔多数集中在12月中下旬,历时4个多月.福本和纽荷尔均从12月中旬开始萼片分化,福本翌年1月上中旬达到盛期;纽荷尔直至翌年2月上中旬才达到盛期.福本翌年1月下旬进入花瓣形成期,纽荷尔在2月上旬的切片中还未观察到花瓣分化.两个品种未分化时芽体均小,花芽芽体横径从萼片形成期开始明显增大.实验还观察到,两个品种有些花芽数个叠生,聚伞花序.

Buds from grown trees in field were used as cions of shoot-tip grafting.,and 7 seedlings were obtained by the shoot-tip grafting technique.Rusk citrange,Mexican lime and Citron 861-S-1 were used as indicator plants to identify Citrus Tatter Leaf Virus(CTLV),Citrus Tristeza Virus(CTV) and Citrus Exocortis Viroid(CEVd),respectively,and PCR technique was used to detecting Citrus Huanglongbing(HLB) on the 7 seedlings.The results were following: no pathogen of CTLV,CTV,CEVd and HLB could be fund from number 1,3,4,5,6 seedlings of Late-ripening Jiaogan,and can be used for virus-free seedling propagation .