Oil pollution, particularly from crude oil spills, poses considerable challenges to underwater equipment, increasing vessel resistance and affecting functionality. This study presents a polyurethane patch with interfacial activity (IAPU patch) that achieves underwater superoleophobicity and strong substrate adhesion. The IAPU patch is fabricated by molding a polyurethane precursor into films, which are then laminated onto epoxy resin-coated substrates. The epoxy-IAPU interfacial bond forms covalent linkages during lamination, ensuring robust adhesion. Upon water immersion, the patch swells into a hydrogel coating, creating a hydrated layer that repels oils with an underwater-oil contact angle (OCA) > 150 degrees and a correspondingly low underwater-oil sliding angle (OSA) approximate to 5 degrees. This IAPU coating has exceptional antifouling performance, as it inhibits bacterial adhesion (99.9% reduction in E. coli), protein adsorption (BSA (bovine serum albumin), Fg (fibrinogen)), and algae settlement. Mechanical durability is confirmed by resistance to water rinsing, sandpaper abrasion, and sonicating, with the underwater retraction of the OCA above 150 degrees after damage. Controlled experiments revealed that the epoxy-polyurethane interfacial bond is critical for simultaneously achieving oil repellence and substrate adhesion. The scalable fabrication process enables large-area application, as demonstrated by coating a 30 & times; 30 cm stainless steel plate and shark models in oil-contaminated environments. This work presents a versatile platform for advanced marine coatings with combined antifouling, inhibition of bacterial adhesion, and anticlogging functionalities.

Current fluorescent polyurethanes face critical challenges, including cytotoxic fluorescent labels, irreversible damage from mechanical stress, and monofunctional behavior lacking stimulus-responsive sensing capability. To address these limitations, we developed a polyurethane elastomer that merges extreme stretchability, autonomous self-healing, and circular recyclability. Engineered via adipic dihydrazide and 4, 4 '-diaminodiphenyl disulfides, the network unites reversible disulfide metathesis with hydrogen-bond dissipation, yielding 10 MPa strength, 3200 % elongation, and 90 % toughness recovery within 72 h. Notch tolerance reaches 1200 % strain, while 75 % ethanol depolymerisation at 25 degrees C enables solvent-cast recycling (>80 % retention in tensile strength). The matrix confines curcumin, suppressing aggregation-caused quenching and furnishing stable solidstate fluorescence under water for 14 days. Emission color switches from green to yellow in response to substrate polarity. Applications include stamp-sealable anti-counterfeiting inks and real-time pork-freshness sensors that visually report spoilage through pH-triggered fluorescence decay. This work overcomes key limitations in natural fluorophore applications by establishing a structure-property optimization paradigm that simultaneously achieves high performance, environmental sustainability, and multifunctionality for safety-sensitive applications.

Current fluorescent labels are often expensive and environmentally unfriendly and tend to lose their fluorescence when combined with dry and hydrophilic substrates because of their hydrophobic nature. Thus, the development of environmentally friendly, low-cost, and scalable fluorescent materials is still highly desirable but significantly challenging, especially for anti-counterfeiting and food quality monitoring. In this study, highly fluorescent nanoparticles were prepared by mimicking organelles and using natural and sustainable curcumin as a fluorescent component. The preparation process was easily scalable via traditional seeded emulsion polymerization methods and green without using additional organic solvents. The resulting curcumin-based fluorescent nanoparticles (CFNs) were well dispersed in water, offering smart fluorescence in water-based environments or a dried polymer coating. In particular, CFNs-based coatings could be used for effective smart anti-counterfeiting and food quality monitoring. The proposed strategies may inspire the design of novel, green, and sustainable smart fluorescent materials/coatings for applications in anti-counterfeiting, smart food tags and labels, and visual sensing systems.

3D printable hydrophobic ink is highly desirable to simply print hydrophobic objects for various applications, such as oil/water separation. However, printable hydrophobic monomers/inks are limited which seriously restricts the fabrication and application of 3D printing hydrophobic objects. Herein, simulating the crown, trunk, and roots of trees from the molecular levels, coatings/objects were designed and prepared using a 6-functional hyperbranching polyurethane acrylate (PUA) monomer as the "trunk", mono-acrylate terminated polydimethylsiloxane (Vi-PDMS) as the "leaf", and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) as the "root". The printed objects with excellent mechanical properties and stable hydrophobicity with CAs and SAs in the range of 80 degrees-110 degrees and 10 degrees-30 degrees, respectively, and could be used in a variety of environments (e.g., acid-based solution, seawater) for a month. Cylindrical, ladder, and mushroom-shaped micro-nano structures could be prepared to improve the hydrophobicity of the printed objects to achieve CAs up to similar to 170 degrees. The antiadhesion tough teeth and microchannels could be prepared facilely with the hydrophobic inks. This work demonstrates a simple and rapid method to manufacture various complex and sophisticated hydrophobic coatings/objects and a broader strategy for 3D printing technology.

Underwater adhesive superoleophobic coatings are in high demand for underwater activities. However, hydrogel coatings have limited adhesiveness for long periods. In this work, a novel approach is presented that employs synergistic segment orientation and covalent anchoring strategies to fabricate superoleophobic hydrogel coatings on different substrates without prior surface treatments. The coating demonstrated remarkable long-lasting superoleophobic properties even in extreme underwater environments. It also exhibited strong adhesion with a shear strength of up to 5 MPa and antiswelling and antibiofouling properties, making it highly effective for applications in antiliquid adhesion, crude oil self-cleaning, and antibiofouling. The simplicity, ease of preparation, and exceptional performance of the hydrogel coating provide a notable example for the synergistic segment orientation and covalent anchoring of hydrogel-based underwater coatings. Therefore, this study provides a new paradigm for designing straightforward surface-functional materials. This work describes a novel approach that employs synergistic segment orientation and covalent anchoring strategies to fabricate superoleophobic hydrogel coatings on different substrates without prior surface treatments. The coating exhibits good adhesion, antiswelling, and antifouling properties, providing a new paradigm for designing straightforward surface-functional materials. image

Achieving strong underwater bonding between hydrogels and diverse substrates to endow the surfaces with antifouling properties in a facile and universal approach is critically challenging. The existing methods rely on complex chemical pretreatment of substrates, which limits their practical application. To address this issue, a facile spontaneous segment orientation strategy is proposed by presenting a polyurethane hydrogel coating inspired by mussels in a large scale-up to diverse substrates through brushing, rolling, or spraying without the need for chemical pretreatment. The bonding-functional groups could be selectively enriched on the surface of substrates owing to the hydrogen bonding, coordination bonding, and pi-pi stacking, in addition to the hydrophobic interaction. At the same time, the hydrophilic segments are inclined to migrate to the coating surface and form hydration layer with water molecules, endowing the substrate with underwater superoleophobicity. Hence, this strategy has the potential to become a pioneering universal strategy for achieving versatile hydrogel coatings with strong underwater substrate adhesion and excellent antifouling properties, particularly in surface/interface science and engineering.

Anti-adhesion surfaces capable of repelling various liquids would have broad technological implications. However, the on-site application of such surfaces has been limited by the need for complex processes and extra equipment. Here we have created a solvent-free mixture containing miscible silicon precursors, which can be readily sprayed, dipped, or painted onto virtually any substrate to prepare flat anti-adhesion coatings. By embedding the lubricating silicon segments on surfaces via the novel synergetic reactions that spontaneously occur at room temperature, we can fabricate coatings that are readily applicable on-site to cover large objects, and which offer excellent repellency against various liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil, and oily-ink) as well as viscoelastic and sticky adhesives. These coatings are transparent, flexible, and durable. We believe these coatings can be utilized in many commercial and residential situations to address a wide range of undesirable interfacial adhesion issues such as smudge, drag, and blockage.

There is a high demand for underwater antifouling coatings for marine engineering and underwater activities. However, In-situ painting coating in a water environment for various large substrate surfaces is ideal but extremely challenging. In this work, we present a novel approach to achieving a fouling-repellent superoleophobic coating that can be directly applied underwater. The coating was prepared facilely via one-pot synthesis using epoxy resin E51 and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as main components. This method involves the hydrolytic migration of side chains (Trimethylsilyl Methacrylate) interlocked with covalent cross-linking, enabling direct adhesion to a variety of wet substrates underwater without the need for surface pre-treatment. The resulting coating exhibits both underwater superoleophobicity (underwater oil contact angle>150 degrees) and versatile, sustainable substrate adhesion with a shear strength of up to 50 kPa, making it suitable for various underwater applications, such as oil/water separation. This work represents a facile and novel paradigm for designing future underwater antifouling coatings with superoleophobic properties and direct underwater adhesion.

Hemostatic materials that can rapidly control bleeding without causing secondary damage or sharp pain upon removal are receiving increasing demands in acute trauma treatments and first-aid supplies. Here, we report the development of a dynamic silicone hydrogel coating on medical gauze to enable rapid hemostasis and synergistic anti-blood adhesion properties. The silicone hydrogel can spontaneously form oriented cross-linked structures on fibrous medical gauze through a solution-processing method to achieve macroscopic superhydrophobicity with microscopic surface slipperiness, resulting in excellent anti-blood adhesion with the on-wound peeling force at ~0 millinewton. The development of dynamic silicone hydrogel coating on medical gauze enables a unique integration of advanced features including instant bleeding control, excellent anti-blood adhesion, and excellent air permeability. The proposed strategy is also suitable for scalable production, making it promising in the applications of trauma management.

以十八烯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、N-(羟甲基)丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、丙烯酸和单乙烯基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷(Vi-PDMS)为单体制备了无氟防水剂.采用1HNMR、凝胶渗透色谱仪、纳米粒度及电位分析仪、光学接触角仪对其进行了结构表征和性能测试.将其用于纯棉织物的整理,对整理织物的性能进行了测试.结果表明,当Vi-PDMS相对分子质量为2000、含量为单体总质量的3％、制备的无氟防水剂质量分数为10％时,整理织物的防水效果最佳.水在整理织物表面的接触角可达157°,滚动角为6°;整理织物在机械压力摩擦1000次、强酸强碱浸泡10 min、水洗5个周期后仍具有良好的疏水效果.整理前、后织物透气性变化不大,透气率分别为(697±54)和(720±35)mm/s,解决了传统涂层型防水织物疏水而不透气的问题.

在传统树脂和防护型涂层材料研制的基础上,创新性的将疏水疏油防污功能型涂层材料的设计思想与研制思路引入课堂教学,利用原有实验场地和仪器,围绕水性聚合物环境友好型材料体系,基于材料体系和化学原理的创新思维,有效开展了防污功能型和环保型水性丙烯酸树脂设计合成与涂料性能研究实验教学工作,调动了学生的积极性,促进了学生创新实验能力,取得了良好的教学效果,为今后本校化学工程与工艺专业实验教学工作开展提供依据参考.

There is currently great interest in developing an environment-friendly, low-cost, and scalable approach for producing stimuli-responsive fluorescent hydrogels（FHs） with excellent mechanical property, rewritable fluorescence, and dual anti-counterfeiting capabilities. Herein, by applying natural, environment-friendly, and sustainable curcumin as a responsive agent, tough p H-responsive FHs（p H-FHs） are fabricated via a facile preparation strategy. These materials have outstanding mechanical performances: ultimate stress of 180 k Pa, an ultimate strain of ～2500%, and good anti-fatigue performances against compression. These p H-FHs are able to sense ammonia and formaldehyde gas, resulting in both a color change and fluorescence for dual anti-counterfeiting functionality. This sensing information is stored individually by the p H-FHs and could be externally removed using formaldehyde gas to achieve a rewritable system. Our study provides valuable insights that are expected to facilitate the development of smart FHs for information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications.

Hydrogels are considered as an ideal material for bioelectronic devices to fulfill the requirements of various applications. However, integrating self-adhesion properties, high stretchability, good sensing performance, and direction-aware functionality into a single hydrogel strain sensor remains a significant challenge and has been seldom reported. In this study, through the characteristics of montmorillonite (MMT) adsorption, we designed a gradient intersecting strategy based on bifunctional MMT nanoparticles. These nanoparticles act as both cross-linking agents and conductive components to strongly intersect the hydrogel and the conductive networks, preventing them from sliding against each other. Thus, the hydrogel sensor had a wide range of adjustable mechanical properties and good adhesion on various substrates. Moreover, the hydrogel sensor can detect both large- and small-scale human activities and achieves direction awareness. Importantly, the hydrogel sensor can be used to construct a wireless sensor system to monitor human movement in real time. This work provides a strategy for the design of the next-generation flexible strain sensors and a method for the development of multifunctional MMT materials, expanding the application of both MMT materials and hydrogel sensors.

Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic surfaces are considered promising to maintain clean surfaces and sustain their functionalities. These surfaces, however, are often substrate specific, mechan-ically weak and can be damaged easily, resulting in short lifetimes. To address this, we propose a novel in situ self-compensation strategy for preparing a reconstructable hybrid polysiloxane network. This net-work can enhance surface roughness when hydrophilic chemistry is lost due to progressive water ero-sion, thus affording long-period superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic coatings that can survive rainfall or long-term underwater applications. For a diverse range of substrates with sustainable superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, we developed a waterborne suspension con-taining metal nanoparticles and inorganic silicate adhesive applicable for the industrially viable spray-, dip-, or paint-coating techniques. This universal, superhard (exceeding 9H), long-period coating repre-sents an applicable solution for preventing dirt or oil contamination and oil-water separation. It is expected to be widely used in industries and daily life.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Antiadhesion coating materials that repel various liquids are highly desirable for use in industrial applications and everyday lives. However, the large-scale, daily, and on-site application of such coatings are seriously limited by complex preparation processes and additional equipment required. To address these challenges, we prepared a solvent-free mixture containing miscible silicone precursors that spontaneously undergo synergetic selfcrosslinking reactions at room temperature. This mixture can be sprayed, dipped, or painted on-site onto various types of large objects to yield antiadhesion coatings that offer excellent repellent properties (e.g. contact angle hysteresis < 10 degrees for various oils, with oily-ink and tape cleaned very easily). In addition, these novel antiadhesion coatings are transparent, flexible, and durable, and function even after long-term immersion in acid/base/salt solution/oil. These coatings can be utilized in numerous commercial and residential applications to address a wide range of undesirable interfacial adhesion issues, such as smudges, accretions, and blockages.

The underwater superoleophobicity of a coating is often caused by its preferential water affinity, which, however, normally weakens the substrate adhesion property. In this work, a new strategy is reported for achieving strong underwater adhesion between a well-designed amphiphilic polyurethane coating and a diverse range of substrates while also rendering the coating surface's superoleophobicity. When the coating, which is a mixture of an amphiphilic polyurethane and a water miscible solvent, is immersed in water, the hydrophobic segments aggregate to orientate and pile along the surface of substrates via a segment orientation mechanism triggered by solvent exchange with water penetration to exert strong adhesion. At the same time, the hydrophilic segments will physically crosslink to form a hydrogel coating, endowing the substrate with underwater superoleophobicity. This work provides a facile, versatile, and scalable approach for the future design of superoleophobic coatings in a water environment.

Hydrogels have been widely used for various applications, and thus addressing the challenges associated with the design of sustainable hydrogels has become an important issue. However, little attention has been devoted toward the design of crosslinkers which are often toxic, lack self-healing capabilities, and derived from petrochemicals. Herein, novel cyclodextrin topological nanoparticles (TNPs) have been constructed. These TNPs were found to possess crosslinking capabilities and the corresponding TNPs-crosslinked hydrogels showed excellent mechanical performances with a high stretchability of 1860 % and stress of 180 kPa and good anti-fatigue abilities. These hydrogels could be readily recycled and used for modular assembly and disassembly in various shapes and could serve as flexible strain sensors to monitor human activities with a sensing range of 0-1800 %, controllable sensitivity, and good fatigue resistance. These topological nanoparticles can inspire the design of novel physical crosslinkers for novel flexible strain sensors, tough and self-healing hydrogels, and soft robotics.

Porous materials with selective wettability and permeability have significant importance in oil–water separation, but complex fabrication processes are typically required to obtain the desired structures with suitable surface chemistry. In this work, an industrial melt-blown strategy that utilized commercially available polypropylene (PP) was used for the large-scale fabrication of superhydrophobic/superoleophilic membranes with staggered fabric structures. These membranes could readily separate different oils including pump oil and crude oil from various aqueous solutions such as strongly acidic, alkaline, and saline media. In addition, the separation efficiencies of these membranes exceeded 99%, and they could remain functional even after exposure to corrosive media. We anticipate that this work will further the design of membranes and enhance their applicability in oil–water separation, and provide researchers and engineers with a more effective tool for performing challenging separations and mitigating pollution.

Anti-adhesion surfaces capable of repelling various liquids would be expected to possess broad technological implications. However, the on-site application of such surfaces has been limited by the requirement for complex processes and additional equipment. To address these challenges, we created a solvent-free mixture containing miscible silicon precursors that can spontaneously undergo synergetic self-crosslinking reactions at room temperature. This mixture can be readily sprayed, dipped, or painted on-site onto large objects to prepare flat anti-adhesion coatings that offer excellent repellent properties against various liquids (such as water, hydrocarbons, crude oil, and oily-ink) as well as viscoelastic and sticky adhesives. These novel antiadhesion coatings are transparent, flexible, and durable. We believe that the prepared coating could be utilized in many commercial and residential situations to address a wide range of undesirable interfacial adhesion issues such as smudge, drag, and blockage.

Despite a large number of researches to understand the aggregation behavior and adsorption mechanism of asphaltene, the effects of asphaltene molecular structure on the adsorption/desorption behavior of asphaltene on rock surfaces remain scarce, which limits the understanding of the interaction mechanism under complex conditions and seriously restricts the development of heavy oil recovery technology. Here, in-situ adsorption/ desorption experiments combined with molecular dynamics simulations were used to fill in the gap. The results show: 1) on hydrophilic surfaces, the heteroatoms or polar groups present in the symmetrical components of asphaltene mainly determine the adsorption behavior; 2) on intermediate wettability surfaces, the adsorption of asphaltene is driven primarily by p-p stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions; 3) on hydrophobic surfaces, it is difficult to adsorb asphaltene due to the lack of polar sites and steric effects, but once adsorption occurs, it is difficult to be stripped off by low salinity water. Our results provide a simple strategy to investigate the adsorption behavior of asphaltene on rock surfaces using laboratory experiments and theoretical simulations, which not only contributes to fundamental understanding but also helps to develop a new guide for practical applications.