The recycling of mineral tailings is an important research topic. In this work, composite material was prepared using vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) tailings, kaolin and sodium silicate, and used as a photocatalyst for photocatalytic degradation organic dyes. The results showed that the photocatalytic material has good photocatalytic performance on the degradation of rhodamine B in solution within a few minutes. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR and SEM. The effects of solution pH and preparation conditions on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency were also investigated in detail. The results indicated that it was feasible to transform the VTM tailings into photocatalysts, and provided an idea for the comprehensive utilization of VTM tailings.

In the Panzhihua region of China, the accumulation of vanadium-titanium-magnetite (VTM) tailings has caused serious environmental problems. The comprehensive utilization of these tailings is a topic of many researchers. Due to its high content of titanium and iron, the VTM tailing was used raw material for preparation of photocatalytic material in present work. The results showed that the prepared photocatalytic material has good photocatalytic performance on the degradation of rhodamine B and congo red. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR and SEM. The effects of solution pH and preparation conditions on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency were also investigated in detail. The results showed that it was feasible to directly transform these tailings into photocatalysts.

In this work, the effects of NH4Cl, NH4HCO3 and CTAB on the afterglow intensity and duration of Sr2MgSi2O7: Eu2+, Dy3+ were compared. It was found that NH4Cl could greatly improve the luminescent performance of Sr2MgSi2O7: Eu2+, Dy3+. The synthesized Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+ were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, infrared spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and afterglow decay curves. Maximum afterglow brightness can be obtained with 20% of NH4Cl and by sintering at 1100 degrees C for 1 h.

目的 针对潜艇舱内低浓度异味气体影响艇员作战能力问题,用一种由改性化学吸附材料和低温等离子体技术的组合净化装置进行实验测试.方法 分别对组合净化装置进行480 h连续净化实验和30 m3模拟实验舱内的净化实验.结果 480 h连续净化实验,净化装置对初始浓度分别为0.4～1.0、0.14～0.35和3.5～7.0 mg/m3的甲硫醇、硫化氢和氨气的净化率均达到90％以上;模拟实验舱内自然环境条件下,净化装置对甲硫醇、硫化氢和氨气净化率均达到90％以上.结论 组合净化装置对低浓度异味气体的净化效果明显,为研制适用于潜艇舱室较高湿度环境的异味气体净化装置奠定了技术基础.

Objective To confirm the possible occupational hazard in process of surface treatment in a railway vehicle manufacturing company, to analyze the harm degree and the influence on the workers' health.Then give related protective to reduce the occurrence of occupational diseases.Methods According to the relevant national standard, using analogy method, checklist method, engineering analysis method for comprehensive analysis and evaluation.Results The results of analogy detecting showed that the concentration of other dust, styrene and ethyl acetate which worker exposed to were blow the occupational exposure limit.LEX, 8 h of workers exposed to painting is below 80 dB (A).The putty mill is critical control point of occupational hazard.Conclusion In normal operation conditions, the strength of occupational disease hazards encountered by the workers meets the requirements of the occupational limit, but it is necessary to pay attention to the maintenance of the pneumatic dust removal facilities of the putty grinding process to ensure its normal operation, which can effectively prevent occupational hazards.

目的 明确卷绕型聚合物锂离子电池研发过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响,提出防护对策,以减少职业病的发生.方法 依据国家相关标准,采用检查表法、类比法、工程分析法对该建设项目进行综合分析评价.结果 类比检测结果表明,类比企业配料工人工称量、加料作业时接触的石墨粉尘、炭黑粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、难溶性镍化合物浓度＜职业接触限值;负极配料间配料工、制片间分切工、段切工、分条工及贴胶工接触噪声的8h等效连续A声级结果均超过80 dB(A),属于噪声作业岗位.其余相关作业场所作业人员接触噪声的8h等效连续A声级结果均＜80 dB(A).结论 配料间是职业病危害防治的关键控制点.

目的 明确燃煤锅炉烟气臭氧脱硝过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响.方法 依据国家相关标准,采用检查表法、类比法、工程分析法对本项目进行综合分析评价.结果 类比检测结果表明,臭氧脱硝装置脱硝工接触臭氧浓度及脱硝加料间投料的脱硝后处理工接触其他粉尘(氧化镁粉尘)的浓度小于职业接触限值;工作场所噪声值＞85 diB(A),属于高噪声工作场所,接触噪声的8h等效连续A声级结果均＞80 diB(A),属于噪声作业岗位.结论 本项目为职业病危害一般的建设项目.

Objective To provide a reference for the study on drought resistance of bamboo through the research on the annual dynamic change of putrescine in different tissues of bamboo.Methods The putrescine in different tissues of bamboo was determined by reversed phase liquid chromatography.Results The content of putrescine in bamboo tissue showed the diversity.In general,the putrescine content in different tissues was bamboo leaves ＞ bamboo branch ＞ bamboo whip.The changes of bamboo polyamines in bumper years and lunar years also showed different trends.In lunar year,small bamboo leaves had a high putrescine content of 11.39 μg/g in July.The content of putrescine decreased gradually over time.The putrescine content increased when it entered into the bumper year of the bamboo shoots.The content of putrescine in bamboo branch had the lower content of 4.99 μg/g in July in lunar year,which began to increase when entering into bamboo shoot in the bumper year.The content of putrescine in bamboo whip was 2.50 μg/g in July,which was the lowest.In the next April,there was a substantial decline with the content of only 1.09 μg/g.Conclusion It is significant to explore the effect of polyamines on shoot differentiation of bamboo shoots.The polyamines can improve the drought-resistance of bamboo.The bamboo can absorb the exogenous polyamines.It is also the direction of the future research to study the drought resistance mechanism of bamboo that polyamine is used as the growth regulators.

Objective To establish a fast and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of gaseous nitrobenzene,nitrotoluene,dinitrotoluene and trinitro-toluene in air of workplace according to the the characteristics of sampling and determination method.Methods As toxic compounds in the air of workplace,such as nitrobenzene,nitrotoluene,dinitrotoluene,trinitro-toluene as well as their isomers were adsorbed by silica gel and desorbed by toluene,followed by simultaneous separation and determination using gas chromatography with ECD detector.Results Seven toxic compounds were well separated simultaneously and the correlation coefficient of liner relationship was within 0.999 5-1.000 0,with detection limit of 0.001 μg/m1-0.005 μg/ml.The relative standard deviation(RSD) was lower than 3.0％,which showed good precision of this method.Recoveries were within 96.3％-104.5％.The average desorption efficiency of the seven toxic compounds was higher than 94.2％ at 3 concentrations.Conclusion A fast and reliable method was developed to simultaneously determine toxic compounds in air of workplace,and it is suitable for simultaneous determination of toxic substances in the air of workplace,such as nitrobenzene and methyl nitrobenzene.

对某一硝基甲苯生产线职业病危害现状评价，确定其主要的职业病危害因素。根据项目职业病危害的特点，通过职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康检查等方法收集数据和资料，并结合职业病防护设施、个人职业病防护水平和定量分级结果，对运行期间作业人员的职业病危害因素接触水平及职业健康影响进行评价。

Molecularly imprinted polymer nanospheres (MIP) were prepared with Congo red as the template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross linker, azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator, and acetonitrile as the porogen by precipitation polymerization. The morphology of MIP was characterized by SEM and TEM which showed that the diameter of MIP was nanometer grade (90 nm) and the shape was homogeneous. The specific surface area and pore volumes of MIP and NIP were examined through Brunauer-Emett-Teller method of nitrogen adsorption experiments. Then, the adsorption and selective recognition ability of MIPs were evaluated using the equilibrium rebinding experiments. The results indicated that the prepared MIP showed a good selectivity recognition ability to its template. It concluded that MIP could be employed as an effective material for removing Congo red from waste water.

按照《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》(GBZ159-2004)检测某煤井和选煤厂煤尘时间加权平均浓度(TWA),总煤尘合格率40％,呼吸性煤尘合格率55％,定点采样煤尘合格率90％,噪声合格率38.9％.提示煤尘和噪声超标严重,建议加强日常通风和防尘、防噪管理,加强个人防护和职业健康监护,防止职业病的发生.

目的 明确某采油厂集油站产生的职业病危害因素分布与水平,分析采取的职业病防护措施,并提出集油站在职业病危害防护和日常工作中的建议.方法 依据国家相关标准,采用职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测、综合分析等方法进行综合评价.结果 采油厂集油站产生的主要职业病危害因素包括非甲烷总烃、硫化氢、一氧化碳、噪声等,工作场所化学毒物的浓度符合职业接触限值要求.工作场所生产性噪声在74.8～90.6 dB(A)之间,其中天然气锅炉、往复泵、输油泵属于噪声作业环境.结论 该集油站采取的职业病防护措施运行有效,职业病危害防治的重点是加强日常检维修和个体防护.

Objective To explore the occupational hazards distribution and workers' individual exposure levels,analyze the damage degree of impact on the health of workers and evaluate protective measures.Methods The risk factors were analyzed combining with filed investigation,system engineering analysis,field monitoring and detection.Results The main occupational risk factors were alumina dust,sulfur dioxide,carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,fluoride,high temperature,electromagnetic radiation and noise.The time weighted average concentrations of sulfur dioxide,alumina dust,carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide accorded with national standards,pass rate was 100%;Qualified rate of noise was 100%;in the workplace,the electromagnetic radiation and high temperature were in line with the requirements of national standards.Conclusion Test results are in line with the occupational health requirements,the employing units shall strengthen the daily management to ensure the normal operation of protective facilities,strengthen the occupational health care to prevent occupation diseases.

Objective To understand the level and distribution of occupational hazards in the workplace of container transporting port and provide preventive measures and points for attention at work.Methods According to Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace(GBZ 159-2004) and Technical Guidelines for Effect Assessment for Occupational Hazard Control in Construction Project(GBZ/T 197-2007),occupational hazards in the workplace of container transporting port were evaluated and assessed by means of surveillance.Results The main occupational risk factors were carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,power frequency electric field,noise and high temperature.The time weighed average concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were 1.0 mg/m3 and 1.3 mg/m3,and the short-term exposure concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were 1 125 mg/m3 and 1 080 mg/m3,respectively,which were in accord with the requirements of relative standards.Qualified rate of power frequency electric field,noise,heat stress accorded with the requirements of relative standards was 100% in the monitoring points.Conclusion This construction project was ranked as a serious project.The protective measures on occupational hazards in the project are feasible and effective.But daily maintenance in the workplace of loading area of hazardous material,boiler room and waste water treatment plant should be strengthened to prevent occupation disease.

Objective To develop a gas chromatographic method for the determination of 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan(DNTF) in the workplace air.Methods According to Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace(GBZ 159-2004),the samples were absorbed by glass fiber filters and desorbed by toluene.The HP-5 capillary column and63Ni electrical conductivity detector were selected to determine the compounds.Results Calibration curve of the method was linear within the range 2-20 μg/ml and showed good linearity with r≥0.999.The determination limit of the method was 0.23 μg/ml and the lowest concentration limit was 0.05 mg/m3(45 L air for the test sample).The average levels of percent recovery were 98.2%-100.4%.Conclusion The gas chromatographic method has the characteristics of simple sample handling,high sensitivity and rapid determination,it can be used for the determination of DNTF in the workplace air.

Objective To discuss the exposure level for individual worker and the distribution of acetone in the air of preparation and spinning section,propose preventive measures and points for attention on field operation.Methods According to Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace(GBZ 159-2004) and Methods for Toxic Substance in the Air of Workplace Aliphatic Kones(GBZ/T 160.55-2007),acetone in the air were monitored.Results The qualified rates of short time exposure acetone concentration in main posts of preparation and spinning section were 25% and 13%.The CTWA for workers in preparation section,the third floor of spinning section(Phase Ⅰ),the third floor of spinning section(Phase Ⅱ)were 3 153.9,882.1 and 599.5 mg/m3 respectively,exceeding national exposure occupational limits.Conclusion Acetone is the main source of industrial diseases in this chemical factory.The acetone concentrations in the most workplace are higher than national standards.The key positions existed occupational diseases should be reinforced,and the prevention measures and occupational health surveillance should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the exposure level for individual workers and the distribution of hydrogen cyanide in the air of each workshop,provide preventive measures and points for attention at work.Methods According to Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace(GBZ 159-2004) and Method for Toxic Substance in the Air of Workplace Inorganic Nitrogen(GBZ/T 160.29-2004),occupational hazards were detected and evaluated.Results The hydrogen cyanide concentration in main posts of the smelting workshop exceeded the national standards limits,in which the results for leaching tank were 1.6 mg/m3,cyanide slag ceramic filter 1.7 mg/m3,sodium cyanide storeroom 1.4 mg/m3.Conclusion Hydrogen cyanide is the main occupation of cyanide process plant hazards in the workplace,part of the working procedure of hydrogen cyanide concentration is so high that the operation workers harmed.It is suggested that the occupation health care should be strengthened to prevent the occupation disease.

目的:建立作业场所空气中乙醚的溶剂解吸气相色谱测定方法。方法:用溶剂解吸型活性炭管采样空气中的乙醚,二硫化碳解吸,经DB-FFAP毛细管色谱柱分离,FID检测器测定。结果:乙醚在0μg/ml～3408μg/ml呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.99998,方法检出限为1.36μg/ml,相对标准偏差0.24%～4.9%,解吸效率为84%～92%,采样效率为100%,加标回收率在97%～99%,穿透容量为2.9 mg,在4℃冰箱中样品至少可稳定10 d。结论:该方法各项指标均能达到《工作场所空气中毒物检测方法研究规范》的要求,现场应用试验也得到了相符性结论。该方法适用于工作场所空气中乙醚的检测。