Coordinates: 28°19′06″N 76°54′49″E / 28.3184502°N 76.9137212°E / 28.3184502; 76.9137212Amity University, Gurugram, also known as Amity University, Haryana, is a private university located in the Pachgaon cluster of villages, near Manesar, Gurugram district, Haryana, India. The university was established in 2010 by the Amity Education Group through The Haryana Private Universities (Amendment) Act, 2010.
Hard and soft ferrite nanocomposites have gained a lot of attention as they possess the properties of multifunctional ceramic materials with significant potential for electromagnetic applications. They also possess tremendous potential in high-frequency applications due to their combined magnetic and dielectric properties. This review critically examines the recent advances of barium hexaferrite, which is a hard ferrite, and cobalt-zinc ferrite, which is a soft ferrite, based on their structural design, synthesis strategies, and interfacial exchange-coupling mechanisms. The effects of compositional tuning, dopant incorporation and processing routes on phase growth, cation distribution, and microstructural characteristics are systematically analysed. Reported studies demonstrate improved magnetic properties (saturation magnetisation up to 65.9 emu/g and coercivity up to 6307 Oe) and improved microwave absorption performance (reflection loss up to 36.8 dB with a wide GHz bandwidth) compared to single-phase ferrites. These improvements are attributed to the synergistic interaction between the hard and soft phases, leading to optimised impedance matching and reduced dielectric losses. The review highlights current challenges in interfacial control and scalability and outlines future directions for designing high-performance ferrite nanocomposites for EMI shielding, radar absorption, and advanced communication technologies.
Aerosol classification over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) commonly relies on fixed threshold combinations of fine mode fraction (FMF) and single scattering albedo (SSA), with the Ångström exponent (AE) often treated descriptively despite its sensitivity to humidity-driven particle modification. As a result, a substantial fraction of observations remains unrepresented within such classification frameworks, particularly when AE and FMF do not vary coherently. Using multi-year AERONET observations from Kanpur, Jaipur, and Lahore, this study provides a regional assessment of aerosol classification incompleteness associated with AE–FMF mismatch conditions. Classification schemes that do not include residual categories leave approximately 20
In any project, elements like duration, budget, security, potential risks and quality play pivotal roles. Forming crucial sequence of activities in project management, assessing all these components is essential to derive a well-informed resolution. Along with all these methods at hand there are still some challenges that we face when utilizing these techniques. One such major task is the reliance on precise scores for criteria weighting. To address this kind of challenges, we establish a novel approach that integrates both TOPSIS and PROMETHEE under fuzzy environment. This advanced model refines project management issues by focusing on aforementioned components that uses an average factor which is employed to assess the positive and negative ideal solutions. Furthermore, an innovative function is designed to measure the closeness coefficient which showcases the new model’s proficiency, especially when juxtaposed with current techniques. Conclusively, the proposed technique suggests that this innovative model surpasses the conventional strategies offering enhanced solutions for managing projects. It also explains the role of business strategies in mitigating the likelihood of financial distress and improving time management for the business projects. Additionally, we’ve included three fully solved numerical examples to help illustrate the approach with existing techniques, and we’ve also done a ranking comparison with some existing problems.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) based therapeutics have emerged as a transformative modality with immense potential for treating infectious diseases, cancer, genetic disorders, and other complex conditions. Despite their promise, clinical translation has been challenged by mRNA’s intrinsic instability, rapid degradation, and limited target specificity. The therapeutic value of mRNA lies in its ability to precisely modulate or restore protein expression, offering a versatile platform for personalized medicine. While conventional delivery approaches have yielded modest improvements, the integration of nanotechnology, particularly stimuli-responsive, nanoparticle-mediated systems, represents a breakthrough in overcoming these limitations. These advanced nanocarriers respond to both endogenous physiological triggers (such as pH shifts, redox gradients, reactive oxygen species, enzymatic activity, and hypoxic environments) and exogenous stimuli (including light, ultrasound, magnetic fields, and temperature changes), thereby enabling controlled, site-specific, and temporally regulated mRNA release. This dual responsiveness enhances therapeutic efficacy by improving mRNA stability, bioavailability, and minimizing off-target immune activation. This review highlights the design principles, mechanisms, and therapeutic applications of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers in mRNA delivery. It underscores recent innovations in nanoparticle engineering that address existing challenges and pave the way for next-generation precision medicine. Together, these advancements signal a paradigm shift in targeted mRNA therapy, offering new hope for treating previously intractable diseases. • Gives an overview of stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (SRNs) for precise and regulated therapeutic delivery. • Shows that SRNs use both endogenous and external triggers to produce targeted, spatiotemporal release. • Identifies several biological applications, such as mRNA vaccinations, cancer therapy, genetic problems, protein replacement, autoimmune diseases, personalized and regenerative medicine. • It suggests that resolving the difficulties of stability, specificity, and scalability is critical for effective clinical translation.
We report the effect of varying the thickness of cells (d = 5, 7.5, and 15 mu m) with planar alignment layers on the induced vertical alignment of a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) composite, 5CB doped with 0.5 wt% carbon dots (CDs). The composite was studied using optical polarizing microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy and electrical conductivity. Optical textures confirm almost defect free induced vertical alignment of the NLC in 5 mu m thick cells. At a cell thickness of 7.5 mu m, optical defects form but the NLC maintained induced vertical alignment. However, for 15 mu m thick samples, larger defects formed leading to a deterioration of optical contrast. The dielectric permittivity decreased with an increase in cell thickness. Also, the short axis molecular relaxation exhibited shift towards higher frequency in 7.5 and 15 mu m cells, respectively with respect to the 5 mu m cell. This could be attributed to the lowering of the nematic ordering in the composite due to the weakening of the CDs anchoring force on the bulk NLC molecules. The temperature dependent short axis molecular relaxation exhibited Arrhenius behavior and the corresponding activation energy was found to be strongly thickness dependent. Moreover, this study establishes a direct link between cell thickness and electrical conductivity whereby increasing cell thickness: (i) lowers the space charge polarization effect and (ii) decreases the DC conductivity. Our study provides a new insight about the effect of varying cell thickness on the molecular alignment, dielectric, and electrical conductivity of the 0.5 wt% CDs-5CB composites. We anticipate that our findings will be helpful in the development of the next generation display devices with better alignment and reduced space charge polarization effect.
