Dar Al Uloom University

Purpose Chronic scapholunate interosseous ligament injuries contribute significantly to wrist instability. Surgical management remains challenging, with tendon graft-based reconstruction and dorsal capsulodesis being the most common techniques. This systematic review aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of capsulodesis-based versus tendon graft techniques for chronic scapholunate ligament injuries. Methods This systematic review was conducted per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library identified eligible comparative studies. Studies comparing tendon graft techniques and dorsal capsulodesis for chronic scapholunate interosseous ligament injuries in adults were included. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool was used for quality assessment. Because of data heterogeneity and lack of consistent quantitative metrics (eg, means and standard deviations), a narrative synthesis of results was performed. Results Across six included studies encompassing 298 patients, tendon graft and tenodesis techniques demonstrated variable postoperative outcomes. Notable heterogeneity existed within the tendon graft/tenodesis category itself: modified Brunelli tenodesis outperformed the four-bone weave in pain relief (visual analog scale reduction 4.8 cm vs 3.2 cm), grip strength, range of motion (ROM) preservation (86% vs 60%), and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score improvement (31.5 vs 14.2 points). Scapholunate intercarpal ligament similarly outperformed three-ligament tenodesis across grip strength, ROM (113° vs 82°), and patient-reported outcomes. Dorsal capsulodesis provided consistent pain relief, adequate ROM preservation, and lower surgical failure rates in most series, with no statistically significant differences in patient-reported outcome measures compared to tenodesis groups. Radiographic deterioration was observed across all surgical techniques over long-term follow-up without consistent correlation with clinical symptoms. Overall certainty of evidence was very low per Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment. Conclusions Neither tendon graft nor capsulodesis techniques demonstrated consistent superiority; outcome differences were more pronounced within technique subcategories than between groups, highlighting the need for standardized, high-quality prospective trials. Clinical relevance Tendon graft reconstruction and dorsal capsulodesis show comparable outcomes for chronic scapholunate ligament injury. Surgical choice should be individualized based on patient factors, injury characteristics, and surgeon expertise. Given the very low certainty of current evidence, standardized outcome reporting and further high-quality prospective studies are needed.

Among the strategic goals of Saudi Vision 2030 is aligning architectural education with real urban environments and strengthening the link between academia and the real world. Thus, this paper evaluates the transformation of the ART470 – Landscape Architecture course into an experiential, placemaking-oriented learning model. The redesign shifted the course from a primarily theoretical framework to a field-driven experience rooted in community engagement. Through integration with the concurrent Design Studio, students investigated actual public spaces in Unaizah City and proposed innovative and sustainable landscape interventions.The outcomes revealed substantial improvements in students' analytical and design capabilities, spatial awareness, and civic responsibility. Beyond achieving the intended course learning outcomes (CLOs), the transformation generated meaningful social and environmental benefits through collaboration with Al-Qassim Municipality. The findings affirm that place-based learning and cross-course integration strengthen professional relevance, foster innovation, and cultivate a deeper connection between students and their communities—supporting national efforts to enhance the quality of life and promote sustainable development in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives This study examined how holistic nursing competence is shaped in digitally mediated oncology practice by investigating the direct effect of quality climate, the mediating role of digital empathy, and the moderating role of nurses’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 oncology nurses working in oncology departments of six hospitals in Egypt with fully implemented digital health systems. Nurses completed validated measures assessing quality climate, digital empathy, holistic nursing competence, and attitudes toward AI. A moderated mediation model was tested using PROCESS macro (Model 14) to examine direct, indirect, and conditional effects. Results Quality climate was positively associated with both digital empathy and holistic nursing competence. Digital empathy showed a strong positive relationship with holistic nursing competence and mediated the association between quality climate and holistic competence. Nurses’ attitudes toward AI moderated the relationship between digital empathy and holistic nursing competence, such that the association was stronger among nurses with more positive AI attitudes. The indirect effect of quality climate on holistic nursing competence through digital empathy was significantly amplified at higher levels of AI attitude, confirming a moderated mediation effect. Conclusion Holistic oncology nursing competence in the digital era is a sociotechnical outcome shaped by organizational culture, empathic capacity, and nurses’ orientations toward AI. Supportive quality climates foster digital empathy, while positive AI attitudes strengthen the translation of empathic engagement into holistic care. Implications for Nursing Practice Oncology nurse leaders should intentionally cultivate quality climates that prioritize psychological safety, integrate digital empathy into clinical education, and support ethically grounded AI adoption to preserve holistic, person-centered oncology nursing in technology-driven care environments.

This study examines the organisational and technological determinants influencing the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies specifically data-driven decision support systems (DSS) and smart learning platforms in Saudi Arabian higher education institutions. Guided by the integrated Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) framework and Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory, the study employs a quantitative approach using a structured survey administered to 300 academic and administrative staff across multiple institutions. The survey captures key constructs, including social trends, organisational culture, sustainability practices, waste management, technology compatibility, relative advantage, complexity, social drivers, innovation attributes, intention to use data-driven DSS, and government regulatory support. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test the hypothesised relationships and evaluate the interplay among organisational, technological, and environmental factors. The results reveal that internal organisational conditions, particularly organisational culture, sustainability policies, and waste-management practices-significantly strengthen internal social drivers that promote technological change. Technological characteristics, including Compatibility with existing systems and perceived relative advantage, strongly enhance the perceived innovation attributes of AI technologies. These innovation attributes, in turn, serve as a major catalyst for both the intention to use and actual adoption of AI-enabled systems. Adoption within the higher education context was associated with improvements in teaching practices, enhanced learner engagement, and curriculum innovation. Moreover, government regulations and policy incentives emerged as crucial external enablers that facilitate institutional readiness and adoption. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on AI integration in higher education by providing an empirically validated model that highlights the interaction between organisational drivers, innovation characteristics, and environmental enablers. The findings offer practical insights for policymakers, higher education leaders, and system designers seeking to accelerate responsible and effective AI adoption in academic environments.

This research aims to examine how legal systems and courts have approached the principle of functional equivalence between written documents and digital evidence, more than three decades after its initial codification in the UNCITRAL Model Law of 1996. The study focuses on the Saudi legal system as a case study, in light of the provisions introduced by the 2021 Law of Evidence.The study adopted a dual-method approach combining a theoretical analysis of the relevant legal provisions with a quantitative and qualitative examination of a sample of judicial decisions issued by Saudi commercial courts. The data was collected and classified based on predefined indicators aimed at capturing how the judiciary has interpreted and applied the statutory framework governing functional equivalence.The findings reveal that the Saudi legal framework has successfully integrated the principle of functional equivalence into the new Law of Evidence in a manner that aligns with traditional rules governing written evidence. Judicial analysis shows a positive response to this principle. However, the inconsistent classification of evidence and limited engagement with the statutory conditions suggest that many rulings relied more on judicial discretion than on a rigorous application of the law.