This scientific paper is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for the use of lactulose in the production of bakery products. The issues of the prebiotic effect of lactulose and its beneficial effect on the composition of the intestinal microflora, stimulating the formation of short-chain fatty acids, are raised. The influence of lactulose on the main stages of baking is studied — the activity of yeast cultures, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the dough, as well as the processes occurring during baking, such as Maillard reaction and caramelization, which cause the formation of the characteristic taste, aroma and coloring of the crust of the product. Attention is focused on the promising direction of the development of functional bakery products enriched with prebiotics, including products for special nutrition. The importance of continuing scientific work on improving formulations, analyzing the effect on intestinal microflora, conducting clinical trials and evaluating financial efficiency was noted. The high potential of lactulose in the creation of innovative and popular bakery products is emphasized.
Before the first pass, the surface traversed by forestry machines initially exhibits a specific micro-relief resulting from the presence of randomly distributed stones, stumps, hummocks, etc. Stumps must be cut flush with the ground when clearing skidding trails in order to avoid obstruction of the movement of forest machines. However, meeting this requirement is not always technically feasible during machinery-based timber harvesting and clearing skidding trails with logging machines. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the track surface deformation and the formation of large obstacles along the track length due to the considerable variations in density and strength between the naturally layered soil and stumps (stones), beginning with the first pass of a forestry machine along the skidding trail (especially in hot season). As a result, the track surface profile resembles a comb, with the ridges arranged randomly. This effect becomes apparent particularly quickly when operating wheeled forestry machines. The research aimed to propose a mathematical model of the moist soil layer deformation under cyclic dynamic loads. It is assumed that the model should consider the fluctuations in its moisture content and, consequently, strength and elastic and plastic behavior that influence the rutting along a forest machine’s route, which contains significantly high obstacles. The parameters received through calculations of the interaction between a multiaxial wheeled machine and low-bearing-capacity soils with high moisture content, as well as the consolidation of these soils, provide a reliable essement of effective skidding parameters. This paper provides practical recommendations and justifies the need to equip wheel pairs with wheeled caterpillar tracks in challenging ground conditions for skidding operations in order to achieve high productivity of forest machines. The findings showed that the soil had been strengthened by the removal of liquid from it caused by the movement of a forest machine. This effect helps slow down the increase in rut depth. Funding: The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school “Innovative Solutions in the Logging Industry and Forestry” of the Arctic State Agrotechnological University and financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 26-16-00047, https://rscf.ru/project/26-16-00047/. For citation: Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Sibiryatkin E.V., Tihonov E.A., Revyako S.I. Dynamic Interference of a Multiaxial Wheeled Forestry machine with Obstacles on Weakly Bearing Soils. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2026, no. 5, pp. 107–126. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-107-126
В статье анализируются влияние виртуализации социальной коммуникации на социализацию молодежи. Новые формы социального взаимодействия, построенные на компьютерных технологиях, трансформируют условия социализации молодежи и меняют молодежную субкультуру. Ценностные ориентации и повседневные практики, выраженные в молодежной субкультуре, отражают сущностные черты современного общества и определяют возможные тенденции развития доминирующей культуры. Изменение характера общения в результате виртуализации актуализирует вопрос о разнообразных последствиях этого феномена. В научном дискурсе, как правило, акцентируется внимание на негативных последствиях использования цифровых технологий, однако эффекты виртуальной коммуникации амбивалентны. Рассматривается двойственный характер следствий виртуальной коммуникации в плане их влияния на молодежную субкультуру в различных аспектах – психологическом, интеллектуальном, социальном и этическом.
The article is devoted to the study of the elements of labor organization at enterprises. The organization of personnel labor as a system includes a set of elements that are in a certain relationship with each other and form a single whole. The authors analyze the most significant elements of labor organization, such as the organization of the production process, workplaces, working conditions, working time, and labor rationing. These elements represent an interconnected system, and a failure in one of them can lead to changes in the overall functioning of the system. Timely updating of labor organization at enterprises allows to improve the main production indicators, increase the satisfaction with work, reduce occupational injuries, and increase the efficiency of labor activity. The authors emphasize that the efficiency of any enterprise depends on the organization of labor activity.
The authors examine the concept of digital culture, the elaboration of which within the culturological approach remains incomplete. It is noted that the coexistence in the scholarly discourse of such categories as “infor-mation culture”, “media culture”, and “digital competence”, with the absence of clear boundaries between them, generates a methodological inconsistency. An analysis of Western and Russian academic discourses reveals a fundamental divergence in their axiological foundations: the Western tradition describes digital culture as an immanent logic of technological development, whereas the domestic scholarship foregrounds the value trajec-tory of digitalization and its consequence for cultural identity. Employing the methodology of comparative-conceptual and structural analysis, the authors executed a distinction between the following concepts: “digital culture of society” and “digital culture of the individual”. At the same time, the last is defined as a historically developing system of meanings, norms, practices, and value orientations that constitute the subject’s interac-tion with the digital environment while preserving his or her identificational integrity.
