Integral University is a private university in Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, India, It is located in the North-eastern part of the city in Dashauli, approximately 17Km from the centre of the City. Integral University, the first enacted Minority University in the country, started functioning from 1 April 2004. Integral University was accorded recognition by U.G.C. under section 2(f) of U.G.C. Act, 1956. The university was founded in 2004. Integral University was accorded recognition by U.G.C. under section 2(f) of U.G.C. Act, 1956..
Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, resulting from an interruption of blood flow to the brain, which subsequently diminishes oxygen supply. Although strokes can occur at any age, incidence rises significantly after 55. Vascular dementia, a progressive condition associated with cerebral infarction, is a long-term sequela of stroke that predominantly affects older populations. To date, there is no cure for this form of dementia. Recent experimental studies in rodent models, however, demonstrate promising outcomes in combating neuronal degeneration through gene treatments utilizing brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fibroblast growth factor-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor. These advancements suggest a potential breakthrough in vascular dementia treatment. This comprehensive review delves into the complexities of strokes, exploring their challenges and constraints. Furthermore, we explore the growing field of gene therapy, highlighting successful interventions that may revolutionize the landscape of vascular dementia treatment. This review aims to provide a refined understanding of stroke-related issues and the transformative potential of gene-based interventions in mitigating the burden of vascular dementia.
A 1:1 supramolecular cocrystal of febuxostat (FXT) and urea was investigated to elucidate its structural, electronic, thermodynamic, and non-linear optical (NLO) characteristics. Ground-state geometry optimization (−2029.1013 a.u.) of an extended FXT+3urea model revealed a highly stable hydrogen-bonded architecture, driven by complementary electrostatic extremes identified via MESP mapping. QTAIM analysis confirmed that the primary intermolecular hydrogen bonds possess partial covalent character with a maximum stabilization energy of −17.14 kcal/mol. This stability is governed by massive donor-acceptor interactions, notably an NBO lone pair to antibonding transition (n(O39) → σ*(C14–H15)). Frontier molecular orbital analysis indicated a narrowed HOMO-LUMO gap (4.09 eV) upon cocrystallization, demonstrating enhanced chemical reactivity. Furthermore, the cocrystal exhibited theoretically validated thermodynamic stability (C0p,m, S0m, H0m) and elevated molar refractivity (67.956 e.s.u., 50.925 e.s.u. for isolated FXT). Macroscopic charge redistribution also resulted in an 11-fold increase in the first hyperpolarizability (9.135 × 10⁻30 e.s.u), highlighting exceptional NLO performance. Pure FXT was isolated from commercial tablets and verified via UV-visible spectroscopy. Cocrystals were synthesized via solvent evaporation. Quantum chemical computations were performed using DFT at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Calculated vibrational spectra exhibited strong agreement with experimental FT-IR results. Intermolecular interactions and electronic properties were quantitatively assessed using QTAIM, NBO, and MESP analyses.
An electrically conductive polyaniline-tin(IV) tungstophosphate hybrid cation exchanger was successfully synthesized via in situ chemical polymerization. The hybrid material exhibits a high ion-exchange capacity, semiconducting electrical conductivity, and good isothermal stability, as evidenced by the retention of direct current conductivity under ambient and moderate temperature conditions. Temperature-dependent conductivity measurements confirm thermally activated charge transport behavior consistent with a semiconducting system, while metal-ion doping studies reveal tunable electrical properties of the hybrid exchanger. Optical investigations further indicate strong interfacial interactions between the organic and inorganic components. When fabricated as a sensing material, the polyaniline-tin(IV) tungstophosphate hybrid cation exchanger shows a pronounced and reproducible electrical response toward ammonia vapors, with good sensitivity and linearity in the concentration range of 0.1 M to 0.8 M. The sensing mechanism is governed by reversible protonation-deprotonation processes of the polyaniline backbone, leading to measurable changes in conductivity upon ammonia exposure. Although reduced sensitivity is observed at higher ammonia concentrations due to saturation of active sites, the results demonstrate that the polyaniline-tin(IV) tungstophosphate hybrid cation exchanger is a stable and effective material for ammonia sensing applications under ambient conditions.
Xylanases are enzymes that convert xylan into simple sugars, serving as additional substrates for enhancing the production of bioethanol and other value-added products, offering a potential approach for sustainable biomass conversion. Our research focuses on a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach. Therefore, a recombinant microbe expressing endo-1,4-β-xylanase (xynA) was developed and utilised for the hydrolysis of corn cob xylan, lab-extracted sugarcane bagasse xylan, and untreated sugarcane bagasse to increase the production of fermentable sugars. This study reports the use of whole-cell biomass for the first time, targeting the hydrolysis of xylan in raw biomass. Moreover, the ability of the cloned bacterium to overproduce its donor was assessed through a comparative depolymerization. The recombinant E. coli has shown 18–62
Herein, our research goes to cover how oxindole-chalcones are transformed into Baylis-Hillman products using the Lewis base catalysis and reporting their anticancer screening outcomes. Actually, oxindoles and chalcones showed the strong anticancer effects as per preceding research reports. Therefore, we chose to synthesis of alpha-OH-containing oxindole-chalcone derivatives using the Baylis-Hillman reaction, and the structure was elucidated using FT-IRcm-1, 1H and 1 3C-NMRppm, and HRMSm/z. Moreover, the druglikeness properties of synthesized compounds were analyzed using ADME/T scores. For in silico analysis, caspase-3, and PARP proteins were utilized to the formation of molecular docked complexes to finding their binding affinities, consequently, S5, S9, S11, and S15 exhibited the strongest binding affinities, with energies of -8.7, -8.5, -8.4, and -8.4 kcal/mol, respectively as well. In the same context under in vitro analysis, compounds were tested against U87 glioblastoma cancer cell line at different concentrations. As per results, the synthesized compound S5 showed best activity (IC50 = 100.5 +/- 34.42 & micro;M) against U87 glioblastoma. Further confocal microscopy and western blotting revealed the apoptosis inducing nature of these compounds specially modulating through the Bax/Bcl2 and PARP regulation and evaluated the anticancer effects. Futuristically, more research is needed to enhance their potency and selectivity, as well as assess their in vivo performance in glioblastoma models.
