Muhammadiyah University of Makassar (Indonesian: Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar), also known as Unismuh Makassar, is a private university located in the city of Makassar, Indonesia. As a private university, Unismuh Makassar is coordinated under Kopertis Wilayah IX, which is a government-funded institution that coordinates private higher education in Indonesia. Unismuh is accredited 'B' based on the National Accreditation Body (BAN-PT).
Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is a traditional staple food and a strategic bioresource with growing relevance in Southeast Asia’s transition toward a sustainable bioeconomy. This study provides a bibliometric analysis of sago product research published between 2015 and 2025 to examine research growth, key contributors, and evolving thematic trends. The analysis is based on 99 English-language journal articles, conference papers, and reviews indexed in the Scopus database. Bibliometric methods were used to map publication trends, leading institutions, key outlets, and research themes using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and Biblioshiny. This approach is well-suited for sago research because of its interdisciplinary nature, covering food science, agriculture, environmental science, and bioenergy. The results reveal a notable increase in research output after 2019, reaching a peak in 2023, which reflects rising scientific interest in sago-based applications for food technology, bioenergy, biomaterials, and environmental sustainability. The IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science emerged as the most productive outlet, highlighting the role of conference proceedings in disseminating emerging research. Contributions were predominantly from Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesian institutions, with Malaysia also playing a significant role.Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals dominant themes, including sago starch, bioenergy, bioplastics, and genetic diversity, indicating a shift from traditional processing studies toward sustainability-oriented innovations. Overall, the findings underscore the increasing scientific recognition of sago’s potential to support sustainable production systems and contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Tirta Coaching Model in academic supervision and its impact on improving teacher performance from the perspective of principals and teachers. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of supporting documents that included teacher performance evaluation reports, notes on coaching session results, and teacher professional development plans. The results of the study show that the implementation of the Tirta Coaching Model has a positive impact on various aspects of teacher performance, including learning planning, variety of teaching methods, communication with students, classroom management, the use of learning technology, as well as the practice of reflection and professional collaboration. Principals act as mentors who encourage reflective dialogue and teacher empowerment, while teachers feel increased motivation, creativity, and confidence in teaching. However, time constraints are the main obstacle in the implementation of coaching. Overall, the Tirta Coaching Model has proven to be effective as a collaborative and sustainable approach to academic supervision, as well as contributing to improving teacher professionalism and the quality of learning in schools.
Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia offer a strategic setting for mainstreaming sustainability by institutionalizing theological values within teaching practices and school culture. This study examines the design and implementation of eco-Islamic education in three Muhammadiyah boarding schools in South Sulawesi and analyzes their contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly quality education (SDG 4), climate action (SDG 13), and partnerships (SDG 17). Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, data were collected through structured observations, five-point Likert-scale assessments across five dimensions, in-depth interviews, field notes, and institutional document reviews. Inferential statistical analyses using one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed statistically significant differences in implementation levels among the three institutions (p < 0.01). Hisbul Wathan demonstrated very high levels of eco-Islamic education implementation, Balebo showed high implementation, while Jauh Pandang remained at an early stage of development. Thematic analysis identified key mechanisms linking the integration of faith, knowledge, and action; institutional leadership and value orientation; eco-curriculum and policy support; role modeling and habituation; and SDG-oriented partnerships. Based on these findings, the study proposes a replicable conceptual model that connects Islamic theological principles: tawazun (balance), amanah (stewardship), and khalifah (vicegerency) with green curriculum transformation and environmentally responsible institutional practices. The findings offer empirical insights for faith-based education systems seeking to align spiritual formation with sustainability outcomes.
Coconut fiber is an abundant lignocellulosic waste with high lignin content, yet its valorization into functional materials remains limited. This study reports, for the first time, the isolation of lignin microparticles from coconut fiber (MPLs-CF) via alkaline hydrolysis and provides a comprehensive evaluation of their structural, thermal, and multifunctional biological properties in comparison with commercial lignin microparticles (MPLs-C). Morphological analysis revealed that MPLs-CF possess a porous architecture with a relatively homogeneous particle size distribution. Spectroscopic and elemental analyses confirmed a higher abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups in MPLs-CF, which may contribute to their chemical reactivity. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the lignin microparticles exhibit predominantly amorphous to semi-amorphous structures. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that MPLs-CF display a slightly lower primary degradation temperature (249 °C) than MPLs-C (268 °C), while both materials produced high carbon residues (∼25%), highlighting their suitability as sustainable carbon precursors. The in vitro multifunctional performance of MPLs-CF was systematically investigated at concentrations of 0-20% (w/w). Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity increased in a concentration-dependent manner, reaching maximum values at 15-20% (w/w). Antibacterial assays revealed enhanced inhibitory activity with increasing concentration, with the highest effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium, followed by Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. In addition, MPLs-CF dispersions exhibited excellent UV-shielding performance, effectively blocking UV-C and UV-B radiation while moderately attenuating UV-A, without compromising visible-light transparency. Overall, MPLs-CF exhibit favorable structural, thermal, antioxidant, antibacterial, and UV-barrier properties under the in vitro conditions tested. These findings suggest that MPLs-CF can be explored as an eco-friendly, biomass-based multifunctional material.
The Islamic calendar holds a vital position in Muslim religious life, particularly in determining the timing of obligatory worship such as Ramadan fasting and the celebration of Eid al-Fitr. Traditionally, the beginning of the Hijri month is established through post-sunset crescent moon sighting, a practice that frequently results in differing determinations due to weather conditions, geographical variations, and technological limitations. From the perspective of naṣṣ (revealed texts) and classical fiqh, the obligation of moon observation is firmly rooted in Qur’anic guidance and Prophetic traditions. Nevertheless, classical jurists emphasized that the fundamental objective of rukyat is attaining certainty (yaqīn) regarding the onset of worship time, thereby allowing the use of reliable methods that fulfill this objective. Advancements in modern astronomy have introduced daytime moon observation conducted after conjunction (ijtimā‘) as a scientifically viable alternative that enhances precision and consistency in determining the beginning of the Hijri month. This study investigates whether daytime moon observation can serve as a valid foundation for a more accurate and globally consistent Islamic calendar in accordance with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. The research aims to assess the scientific credibility of daytime moon observation and examine its compatibility with Islamic legal objectives. This study adopts a qualitative research approach based on an extensive literature review and a case study of daytime moon observations conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar Observatory. The findings indicate that with advanced astronomical instruments and astrophotography, daytime moon observation is not only feasible but also capable of producing more accurate and verifiable results than traditional naked-eye methods. Addressing classical objections that restrict rukyat to post-sunset observation, this study engages contemporary fiqh council discussions and historical precedents, including the acceptance of astronomical instruments in Islamic tradition. The study concludes that daytime moon observation aligns with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly in preserving religion (ḥifẓ al-dīn) through accurate worship timing, preserving intellect (ḥifẓ al-‘aql) by encouraging scientific reasoning, and removing hardship (raf‘ al-ḥaraj). Consequently, this method offers a scientifically and theologically grounded solution for developing a unified and reliable global Islamic calendar.
