Intercultural competence is recognised as a key element in the modern world, where openness to diversity contributes to effective international communication and deeper understanding, tolerance, and joint development in an intercultural environment. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of internationalisation of the educational process on the development of students’ intercultural competencies. A diagnostic test of relations was used to diagnose the intensity of the ethnic stereotype. The intercultural competence was measured according to the adapted scale of Fantini and Tirmizi and the cultural intelligence scale (CQS). A questionnaire was developed to determine students’ satisfaction with studying under the internationalisation programme. The obtained results (Uemp=113Ucr=127) gave grounds to conclude that the internationalisation of the educational process positively affects the development of intercultural competencies. The experiment showed that students generally had a positive ethnic stereotype, and the internationalisation programme increased the growth of indicators of intercultural competence according to all criteria. The results show that students generally are highly satisfied with studying in exchange programmes. The prospect for further research is the study of the influence of intercultural communication on students’ academic performance.
The article examines the key problems of ensuring the efficiency of Ukrainian enterprises during the period of the Russian Federation’s large-scale military aggression in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of key performance indicators of enterprises in the leading sectors of Ukraine’s economy, it is established that the obstacles faced by national producers – such as electricity blackouts, blocking of the Ukrainian border, price increases, destruction of supply chains, loss of counterparties, and reduced demand for goods and services in the domestic market – are only some of the problems that have been a challenge for Ukrainian enterprises over the past two years of their activities. The article proves that full-scale military aggression and its consequences force Ukrainian enterprises to look for new solutions not only to ensure the continuity of their core business processes, but also to mitigate the possible risks of war, such as destruction from military operations, losses from the destruction of assets, migration of the working population abroad, cyberattacks on enterprise management systems, etc. It is established that, in such conditions, almost all business entities need additional financial support from the State. The authors identify the main areas of state support for domestic enterprises and the support provided by foreign partners of the national economic system in 2022-2024. Considering the deficit of national financial resources, in the short term Ukraine’s economy will not be able to rebuild its capacity and overcome the challenges caused by military aggression without the support of foreign partners. According to the authors, one of the priority areas of cooperation in the area of post-war rebuilding and support of the Ukrainian economy today should be close cooperation between our country and the European Union. Combining the efforts of Ukraine and the EU countries will contribute to the economic reconstruction of our country. It is determined that the strategic task of rebuilding Ukraine’s economy can be realized only if the business activity of enterprises in key industries is renewed. It is the industries that have high growth potential in the Ukrainian economy that will provide opportunities for the growth of related industries, increase employment, help strengthen the country’s defense capabilities, and in the future contribute to Ukraine’s high geopolitical status.
This article aims to enhance the quantitative methodological approaches used to analyse the impact of external factors, such as economic, social, political and technological influences, on the activities of trading enterprises. This will be achieved by constructing regression models that can be used to inform planning and forecasting activities. The article employs qualitative and quantitative methods to study phenomena and processes, specifically: PEST analysis was employed to determine and generalise the theoretical foundations of the qualitative analysis of the impact of the external environment, while time series were utilised to study trends in the development of individual macroeconomic indicators. Structural and typological groupings were employed to compile primary information characterising the economic, social, political and technological factors of the external environment. Correlation–regression analysis, SWOT analysis and PEST analysis were utilised to forecast and evaluate the impact of external environmental factors on the activities of trading enterprises, and graphical techniques were employed to visualise the impact of external environmental factors on the turnover of trading enterprises. The study’s information base is open statistical data from the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine for 2002–2022. To form the correlation–regression models, data from over 102,000 Ukrainian trading enterprises involved in wholesale and retail trade were used. This study has resulted in the development of quantitative methodological approaches for analysing the impact of external factors on the turnover of wholesale and retail enterprises. The proposed approach is based on constructing regression models to show the relationship between selected performance indicators and key external factors. Implementing the author’s methodology for the strategic analysis of the external environment involves forming a system of analytical indicators that characterise these factors, based on open statistical information. After studying trends in factor indicators in the four most important areas of the external environment (economic, social, political and technological), regression models were constructed to show the dependence of selected performance indicators that characterise the results of wholesale and retail trade enterprises. Using correlation coefficients, the most significant factors impacting the turnover of wholesale and retail trade enterprises were identified. These models can be used to plan development trends in the trade sector in response to changes in certain macroeconomic factors. Unlike existing methodological approaches to assessing the strength of external factors based on scoring, which are widely used in strategic analysis, the developed models allow for a quantitative assessment of their impact on the volume of goods turnover.
Modern transformation processes in the economy necessitate a rethink of the role of business models in developing business entities' strategies. A business model is a tool that combines an enterprise's resource potential with market opportunities to ensure the creation, preservation and distribution of value between stakeholders. Studying it in a global scientific context enables us to identify key trends and directions in the evolution of the concept. Problem statement. Despite the significant number of scientific works devoted to the structure and typology of business models, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the dynamics of this concept's development in international scientific discourse. The relationship between business models, digital transformation, innovation, and the sustainable development of enterprises remains insufficiently generalised. Unresolved aspects of the problem. Evolutionary approaches to the formation of business models and the identification of leading research clusters and relevant scientific research directions in this area require clarification. The comparative analysis of publications according to the leading scientometric databases, Scopus and Web of Science, has not been sufficiently researched. Purpose of the article. The article aims to provide a bibliometric and bibliographic analysis of scientific research in the field of business models for business entities. Presentation of the main material. The research was carried out using bibliometric, trend, cluster and content analysis. The bibliometric sample was formed using the Scopus (9,041 publications) and Web of Science (5,010 publications) databases. Maps of term co-use were constructed using the VOSviewer software and key scientific clusters representing the main areas of research in the field of business modelling were identified. Conclusions. The dominant areas of research were established to be the digitalisation of business processes, innovative models of value creation, and the sustainable development of enterprises. A shift in scientific interest from the theoretical description of business models to their application in the digital economy was revealed. The study's practical significance lies in its potential to inform effective enterprise development strategies and enhance the scientific and analytical tools used to study business models.
Анотація. Мета статті – дослідити цифровий тоталітаризм як можливий тренд дигіталізації суспільства. Методологічними засадами дослідження стали принципи світоглядного та методологічного плюралізму, неупередженості та гуманізму, компаративності та незаангажованості, ідеологічного різноманіття, толерантності, світськості. З конкретно-наукових методів було застосовано проблемно- хронологічний, системно-структурний та критичний аналіз філософських джерел, а також концептуально-дискурсний, системно-хронологічний підходи до наукового осмислення явищ та подій суспільного життя. Наукова новизна – Cьогодні в ХХІ столітті цифровий тоталітаризм є актуальним феноменом та екзістенціальним викликом сучасної епохи. Калейдоскоп усіх соціальних дій знаходить відображення у ЗМІ. Багато вчених висловлюють занепокоєння потенційними загрозами у зв’язку з аномально швидким розвитком технологій. Висновки. В даний час поширені антиутопічні побоювання у можливості настання цифрового тоталітаризму та ціла палітра розмаїтого ставлення до high-tech, у зв’язку з чим актуалізуються у суспільній пам’яті синонімічні поняття технофобія та неолуддизм, комп’ютерна та Інтернет-адикція як форми проблематичного впливу Глобального Павутиння. Спектр та регістр впливу технологій на конкретну особистість залежить не стільки від самої природи Інтернету, а від його користувачів, які все більше взаємодіють саме на технологічній основі. Цифровий тоталітаризм у політичній площині може вбачатися через підтасовування під час виборчого процесу та електоральні фальсифікації у зв’язку з підрахунком результатів голосування. Слід також звернути увагу на юридичний аспект становлення цифрової диктатури, оскільки створення загальних глобальних баз даних не завжди йдуть на користь сегменту, в якому вони створюються.
