A novel functional model of a dynamic cognitive system, designed to simulate agent behavior in complex socio-informational environments is considered. The proposed approach integrates cognitive, emotional, motivational, and social components within a unified hierarchical architecture supported by multimodal data collection. Special emphasis is placed on the use of state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to optimize action-selection policies, enhance prediction accuracy, and improve adaptability to exogenous disturbances. The simulation results demonstrate the model’s relevance for scenario analysis, identifying the dynamics of recovery after information shocks, and revealing the internal structure of group behavior. The results obtained provide a basis for the practical application of the model in strategic management, education, rehabilitation, and social analytics.
Purpose: to generalise and systematise contemporary scientific approaches to the analysis of competitive activity in boxing. Material and Methods. The study was based on the analysis and synthesis of modern scientific and methodological sources devoted to the investigation of boxers’ competitive activity. The literature search was conducted using scientometric databases (in particular Google Scholar), open-access scientific repositories, and specialised international journals, applying relevant search queries in both Ukrainian and English. Scientific articles, systematic reviews, and dissertation studies addressing technical-tactical, physiological, biomechanical, and psychophysiological aspects of competitive activity in boxing were included in the analysis. Comparative and structural-logical methods were used to systematise the selected sources and to identify the main research directions. Results. The analysis of scientific literature demonstrated that contemporary studies of competitive activity in boxing are characterised by a comprehensive and multidimensional approach. The key research areas include the identification of performance indicators, analysis of technical-tactical actions, determination of factors influencing victory, and the impact of athletes’ individual characteristics. It was established that the most informative indicators of performance are the number and accuracy of punches, the effectiveness of offensive and defensive actions, as well as the variability of technical-tactical decisions during a bout. The findings indicate that successful boxers demonstrate higher technical efficiency, greater attacking activity, and more rational tactical behaviour. At the same time, competitive activity indicators vary depending on athletes’ qualification level, sex, age, and weight category. Additionally, a growing body of research focuses on physiological, biomechanical, and psychophysiological aspects, expanding the understanding of the structure of competitive performance in boxing. Conclusions. The generalisation of modern scientific approaches allows competitive activity in boxing to be considered as a multifactorial system formed by the interaction of technical-tactical, functional, and psychophysiological components. Technical efficiency, punch accuracy, and activity volume are identified as the most significant determinants of performance. At the same time, current research trends highlight the need for integrating different analytical approaches, which provides a basis for improving the objectivity of performance assessment and optimising the training process in boxing.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to model the yield of cereal and legume crops at a regional level (using the example of the Odesa region) based on a complex of agrotechnological and climatic factors using regularised regression methods (Ridge, Lasso, ElasticNet). Methodology. The study applies economic and mathematical analysis using official statistics for 1995–2024. For modelling, 11 independent variables were selected, reflecting agrotechnological and climatic factors. The assessment was carried out using classical linear regression and its regularised modifications. Multicollinearity diagnostics, cross-validation, and analysis of statistical significance of coefficients were performed. Results. The study proved that regularised regression models (Ridge, Lasso, ElasticNet) significantly outperform classical OLS regression in yield forecasting accuracy under multicollinearity conditions. Ridge regression demonstrated the best predictive performance (R² = 0.606; RMSE = 4.46), effectively stabilising coefficient estimates for correlated predictors. Testing of the research hypothesis confirmed the statistically significant positive impact (p < 0.05) of agrotechnological factors on yield: sown area, mineral fertilisers, and pesticides. Among climatic factors, precipitation and the hydrothermal coefficient were identified as key positive drivers of productivity. Conversely, the hypothesis regarding negative stressors was confirmed: air moisture saturation deficit and wind speed exert a significant negative impact (p < 0.05) on yield, highlighting the vulnerability of the region to arid conditions. Originality. The novelty lies in combining agrotechnological and climatic indicators within the framework of regularised models. This approach accounts for multicollinearity and at the same time identifying the most significant yield factors. The obtained results provide deeper insights into relationships between grain yield and agrotechnological and climatic factors in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used by agricultural enterprises and regional authorities to optimise fertiliser systems, plan crop areas, select adaptive varieties, and increase the resilience of agricultural production to climate risks. The proposed models provide tools for predicting yields and making management decisions in agriculture.
This article examines the issue of domestic violence as one of the most complex and socially dangerous forms of human rights violations, encompassing criminal law as well as social, psychological, and cultural aspects. It is determined that the distinctive feature of this phenomenon lies in its high level of latency, as a significant portion of violence cases remain outside official statistics due to the victims’ fear, economic dependence on the abuser, distrust of law enforcement agencies, as well as societal stereotypes regarding the “privacy” of family relationships. Domestic violence manifests itself in physical, psychological, sexual, and economic forms, each of which causes lasting harm to the physical and mental health of the victims. Particularly dangerous is the systemic nature of such violence, which is accompanied by control, intimidation, and isolation of the victim, gradually depriving them of the ability to independently defend their rights and interests. As a result, domestic violence often becomes a factor in secondary victimization and leads to the recurrence of criminal behavior. The psychological and emotional exhaustion of the population, the traumatic experience of war, forced displacement, loss of employment and housing, as well as the general instability of socio-economic conditions contribute to increased conflict within families and a higher risk of violent acts. War exacerbates existing power imbalances in family relationships and creates additional barriers to the timely detection and prevention of domestic violence. The insufficient effectiveness of early response mechanisms and victim protection remains a serious problem. Despite the existence of specific legislation and the criminalization of domestic violence, in practice, victims often face a formalistic approach from authorized agencies, the difficulty of proving the systematic nature of the violence, as well as limited access to social and psychological services, especially in rural areas or in territories close to the combat zone. The issue of domestic violence against vulnerable groups – children, the elderly, and people with disabilities – requires special attention. Key words: domestic violence; victims; criminalization of domestic violence; national legislation; international legislation; combating domestic violence; law enforcement agencies.
This article examines legal and non-jurisdictional forms of preserving children’s fundamental rights. Legislative and doctrinal definitions of «child», «preservation of rights», «form of preserving civil rights and interests», «uniqueness of a person», «infantility of a person», and «main rights» are analyzed. Characteristics and characteristic forms of civil law are identified, as well as certain legal aspects of realizing the fundamental rights of children of small and unique ages. The importance of developing a civil law on rights and interests is formulated. The position is based that there is no risk of intensifying work on the development and advancement of conceptual norms that define the foundations of the legal status of an individual in matrimony, create the minds for the security of civil activity and effective protection of violated mining rights and interests. The emphasis is placed on what is relevant: nutrition to protect the form of civil law protection of children’s rights. Respect is given to various types of jurisdictional forms to protect the civil rights of children. The court practice in the sphere of protection of children’s rights has been analyzed. The duty of the State Service of Ukraine on the right of children is important, as it is responsible for protecting the rights of children. The role of the guardianship and protection bodies in the sphere of protection of children’s rights has been analyzed. It is argued that the notary protection of the mine rights and the interests of the child are important due to the support of legal guarantees provided by law, from the practical implementation of the right to protection. Investigations into the participation of fathers in the context of civil law protection of the rights of minors and minors. It is clear that the legal representatives of the child of first of all are seeking the right to go to court before the authorities of the state government and local self-government. In addition, the protection of children’s rights is carried out by child welfare agencies, child welfare services, free legal assistance centers, courts, police, and community organizations. It has been established that child care is a key element in the development of power and marriage and can be ensured by both jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional forms of protection.
