Periyar University is a university in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. It was established by the Government of Tamil Nadu in 1997. It is named after social reformer Thanthai Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. The University Grants Commissions, New Delhi bestowed 2f status in 1998 and 12(B) status in 2005 to the university. It is accredited by NAAC with 'A++' grade. It has been awarded a cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.61 out of 4 points (performance descriptor "Excellent"). University ranked Second in India only after to Mumbai University and First in Tamil Nadu among State Universities. Periyar University is the first State University to rank "A++" grade.
The recent quest to produce clean and renewable energy on earth-abundant bifunctional electrocatalysts for more efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Developing costeffective bifunctional electrocatalysts through precise interfacial engineering is essential for efficient alkaline water splitting. Herein, a Ni3S2/SrMoO4 heterostructure composite is constructed via a facile hydrothermal strategy, where a chemically coupled heterointerface is deliberately engineered to induce charge redistribution across dissimilar anion frameworks. This interfacial electronic modulation optimizes charge transfer kinetics and regulates the adsorption of key reaction intermediates. As a result, the catalyst achieves overpotentials of 212 mV for OER and 100.1 mV for HER at 10 mA/cm2, with Tafel slopes of 103 and 90 mV/dec, respectively. The increased double-layer capacitance indicates a higher electrochemically active surface area, contributing to enhanced catalytic activity. The catalyst also maintains stable operation under alkaline conditions. In a two-electrode configuration, Ni3S2/SrMoO4 delivers a cell voltage of 1.61 V at 10 mA/cm2. The key innovation lies in anion-cation coupled heterointerface engineering, which provides an effective pathway for designing advanced, earth-abundant electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.
A new class of Co-complex of Schiff base, 2,2′-bipyridine mixed ligands immobilized on mesoporous MCM-41, has been synthesized. The morphology, pore structure and surface properties of the complex were characterized by FT-IR, SEM-EDX, TGA, ICP-OES, PXRD, BET and 13C-CP-MAS-NMR. Our synthesized catalyst has been found more active and efficient against the Knoevenagel–Michael addition of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes in EtOH/H2O medium at RT under ultrasonication.The performance of the catalyst was enhanced by the synergistic effect of cobalt ion, mixed ligands of imine and 2,2′-bipyridine along with the mesoporous support.Moreover, the MCM-41 bound heterogeneous catalyst has shown excellent stability and reusability over three consecutive cycles without significant loss in activity. The hot filtration test was confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the recovered catalyst.Its efficiency was clearly demonstrated and compared favorably with previously reported catalysts.
The rapidly evolving industrial landscape and environmental challenges in the BRICS countries are raising growing concerns about the sustainability of their growth trajectories. Despite their growing role in the global economy, limited empirical research has been conducted on how green finance, green technological innovation and environmental sustainability impact long-term economic growth. However, the current study addresses this gap by investigating the dynamic relationships among these factors for BRICS countries from 1990 to 2022. Using advanced second-generation econometric techniques, including the Cross-Sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) and Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) panel causality tests, the study mitigates issues of endogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, and heterogeneity often ignored in previous literature. The results show that green finance and technological innovation are both greatly enhancing economic growth, while environmental degradation is hampering it. In addition, two-way causal links are identified between green finance (GRF), green growth (GRG) and economic growth (SGEI), underlining the inter-linkages between these variables. The findings provide a solid policy response, emphasising the need to strengthen green financial instruments, to promote clean technology innovation and to implement a coherent sustainability policy. This study contributes to the growing literature by providing a comprehensive framework for understanding the mechanisms by which green finance and innovation in emerging economies drive sustainable development.
A green and eco-friendly approach was employed to synthesis silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and chitosan–silver nanoparticles (Chi-Ag NPs) using leaf extract of Endostemon viscosus (Roth) M.R. Ashby as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. Nanoparticle formation was confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction Spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis. The Ag NPs displayed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 439 nm, while Chi-Ag NPs showed a slight red shift to 445 nm due to chitosan interaction. XRD confirmed their crystalline structure, while FTIR revealed functional groups associated with amines, alkynes, aromatics, alkyl aryl ethers, and chitosan polysaccharide frameworks. FE-SEM images revealed Ag NPs (rod-shaped) and Chi-Ag NPs (spherical particles with some aggregation). The Polydispersity Index value for Ag NPs (1.0) and Chi-Ag NPs (0.5). Both Ag and Chi-Ag NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Antioxidant assays revealed significant radical scavenging efficiency with IC₅₀ values of 7.44 and 127.2 µg/mL (DPPH assay) and 9.2 and 32.57 µg/mL (ABTS assay) for Ag and Chi-Ag NPs, respectively. In vitro anticancer evaluation against a human breast cancer cell line demonstrated IC₅₀ values of 39.82 µg/mL (Ag NPs) and 42.94 µg/mL (Chi-Ag NPs). The apoptotic studies of Ag NPs and Chi-Ag NPs revealed the presence of orangish bodies, nuclear shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and nucleus disintegration. These findings indicate that green-synthesized Ag and Chi-Ag NPs are structurally stable, biologically active, and hold promise for sustainable biomedical applications.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (C. tetragonoloba) pods (CTP-NPs) powder extract. The following techniques UV–visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for the characterization of these synthesized nanoparticles. UV–Visible Spectroscopy confirmed the formation of AgNPs via a distinct Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak observed at 412 nm, indicating successful reduction. FT-IR Analysis identified key functional groups (e.g., N–H, C = O stretching) responsible for capping and stabilization, with major shifts observed at 3411 cm−1 and 1735.73 cm−1. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD): Revealed a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Illustrated a predominantly spherical morphology with average particle size 13 nm. The CTP-AgNPs IC50 values revealed notable variations in DPPH (183.61 μg/mL) in comparison to the ascorbic acid standard (25.7 μg/mL) and hydroxyl radical activity (53.6 μg/mL) in comparison to ascorbic acid (22.47 μg/mL). Antibacterial property of CTP-AgNPs against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) was proved by zone of inhibition 11 ± 0.79 mm and 12 ± 0.78 mm per 100 μg/mL respectively. In vitro anticancer assay demonstrated IC50 value of 18.25 μg/mL against A549 lung cancer cell line, which confirms its potent anticancer potential. Overall, the CTP mediated bio-synthesized AgNPs proved promising in vitro antioxidants by free radical scavenging, antimicrobial by zone of inhibition and anticancer by cytotoxic properties.
