Pertamina

This study aims to analyze the legal status, selection mechanism, and legal protection of employees of the Nutrition Fulfilment Service Unit (Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi/SPPG) who are appointed as Government Employees with Work Agreements (Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja/PPPK) within the Indonesian civil service system. This study used a normative legal research method, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. This study examines relevant regulations governing the Free Nutritious Meals Program and the State Civil Apparatus system. The results show that, formally, SPPG employees appointed as PPPK have a legitimate legal basis under the prevailing laws and regulations. However, there are normative ambiguities regarding the criteria for eligible employees, the classification of positions within the civil service structure, and the absence of clear, standardized selection mechanisms based on the merit system. Furthermore, several issues related to legal certainty persist, including unclear parameters for contract renewal, potential discretion in performance evaluation, legal risks arising from operational activities, and the lack of comprehensive administrative and judicial remedies in employment disputes. These conditions indicate that although the policy is legally recognized, its implementation has not fully reflected the principles of meritocracy, legal certainty, and integrated civil service management. Therefore, more detailed implementing regulations are required to ensure transparent recruitment, objective evaluation, and adequate legal protection for SPPG employees as PPPK.

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) following normal childbirth is a rare condition with a high mortality rate. The symptoms are varied and nonspecific, including abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea, and vomiting, which means SBO has many differential diagnoses . Postoperative adhesions are the most common risk factor for SB. We present a case of SBO following normal vaginal delivery caused by an adhesion band leading to entrapment and volvulus of the ileum in a patient with a history of appendectomy and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen was instrumental in establishing the etiology and diagnosis of SBO. Surgical intervention was performed as the treatment. A 27-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, at 39 weeks of gestation, was referred by her obstetrician to the surgery department with complaints of vomiting since the onset of normal vaginal delivery. One day postpartum, her vomiting persisted. Her abdomen became distended and painful, and she was unable to pass gas. On physical examination, the patient appeared severely ill. She was hypotensive (BP: 94/62 mmHg), tachycardic (110 beats/min), tachypneic (26 breaths/min), and had an axillary temperature of 37.8°C. The patient had a history of an appendectomy 15 years ago, vaginal discharge, irregular menstruation several months before pregnancy, painful periods, and nonspecific intermittent abdominal pain that became more frequent in the third trimester of pregnancy, intensifying as labor approached. A complete blood count showed leukocytosis (11.33 x 109/L) and hyponatremia (129.9 mmol/L).

The presence of water during downstream oil and gas production can cause corrosion and blockages through reactions with CO2 and H2S. Zeolites are effective desiccants for moisture adsorption due to their microporous aluminosilicate framework. In this study, zeolite A was synthesized hydrothermally by varying the Si/Al molar ratio (0.80, 1.14, 1.80) and temperature (70, 100, 130 °C) to identify the optimal conditions for moisture adsorption. XRD analysis revealed that the zeolite synthesized at a Si/Al ratio of 1.14 and 130 °C achieved the highest crystallinity (97%), comparable to commercial molecular sieve A. Surface area analysis (BET) showed that this synthesized zeolite exhibited a surface area of 127.48 m2/g and a pore diameter of 53 Å. The adsorption capacity test in a humidity chamber demonstrated a value of 0.188 ppmv for the synthesized zeolite, compared to 1.101 ppmv for the commercial molecular sieve. The lower adsorption efficiency was attributed to reduced surface area, incomplete crystallinity, and diffusion limitations. Nevertheless, the optimized synthesis route produced zeolite A with desirable structural and textural properties, offering a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative desiccant for gas dehydration applications in the oil and gas industry.

Abstract This paper supports the commitment of JOB Pertamina–Medco E&P Tomori Sulawesi (JOB Tomori) to methane emission reduction at the Senoro Field in line with the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership (OGMP) 2.0 expectations and increasing requirements from gas buyers for credible methane performance. The study aims to strengthen fugitive methane management while ensuring facility safety and asset integrity through comparison of fiscal year (FY) 2024-2025 performance, expanded Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) coverage, and reconciliation of bottom-up and top-down measurements. Fugitive methane management at Senoro was implemented through a multi-method LDAR program combining Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) camera screening, High Flow Sampler (HFS) quantification, fixed sensor monitoring, and drone-based measurement across the processing plant and selected wellheads. A bottom-up inventory approach was used to identify methane-rich equipment, followed by direct quantification of detected leaks using HFS. Facility-level emissions were assessed using drone measurement as a top-down reference, while fixed sensors provided continuous indication at critical locations. Results from these methods were reconciled to evaluate data consistency, detect potential gaps, and support prioritization of repair actions. Comparison between FY2024 and FY2025 demonstrates that the enhanced LDAR program at Senoro delivered measurable improvement in fugitive methane control. Wider coverage at both processing units and wellheads in FY2025 led to a slight increase in the number of detected leak points; however, the total quantified fugitive emission rate decreased, indicating effective mitigation of higher-rate leaks. Areas previously outside the LDAR boundary showed higher leak ratios in FY2024 and were significantly improved after inclusion in FY2025, confirming the importance of comprehensive monitoring. Reconciliation between bottom-up and top-down results indicated no overlooked super-emitters and provided greater confidence in the reported emissions profile. Remaining discrepancies were mainly associated with measurement uncertainty and detection limitations for very small leaks. The application of HFS in FY2025 reduced quantification uncertainty compared with earlier estimation techniques, improving data reliability. The study further confirmed that operator competency in OGI screening, availability of safe access for direct measurement, and integration with fixed sensor alerts are critical enablers for sustainable methane reduction while maintaining safety and equipment integrity at the Senoro facility. This paper provides a reconciled year-to-year assessment of fugitive methane at Senoro integrating OGI, HFS, fixed sensors, and drone measurements across plant and wellheads. It demonstrates how OGMP-aligned LDAR, supported by bottom-up and top-down reconciliation, can meet gas buyer expectations while safeguarding facility integrity, offering practical guidance for credible Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) implementation in Indonesian gas operations.

Abstract The future of energy demands smarter, more sustainable solutions to optimize production and maximize asset performance. Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs), critical for offshore oil operations, often face operational challenges that lead to downtime and deferred output. This paper presents a digital innovation that leverages algorithmic trend analysis, real-time monitoring, and automated control to enhance ESP reliability and production continuity. The solution applies a trend-based algorithm to monitor key parameters such as running ampere, intake pressure, discharge pressure, intake temperature, and motor temperature to detect anomalies and predict potential ESP issues. It compares parameter patterns against a predefined failure matrix to calculate a matching score, with the highest score indicating the most likely problem. This approach remains effective even when historical data is limited, offering a practical alternative to machine learning for wells where comprehensive failure records are not yet available. Field implementation delivered measurable improvements in production and reliability. In two offshore wells, RC-14 and RF-02, the system identified severe gas lock conditions hindering oil output. Early detection and real-time visibility enabled operators to act quickly such as remotely activating the gas purge feature on the VSD and adjusting parameters thus eliminating manual intervention and optimizing ESP performance. After applying the algorithm-driven detection and taking proactive action, such as enabling the gas purge feature on the Variable Speed Drive (VSD) remotely, RC-14 maintained a stable oil production rate of 50 barrels per day, while RF-02 averaged 90 barrels per day, resulting in an estimated monthly revenue uplift of $252,000. Shutdown frequency decreased significantly, reducing electrical stress on ESP motors and cables, which extended equipment run life and lowered maintenance costs. Remote monitoring eliminated the need for manual resets and offshore troubleshooting, improving safety and reducing operational delays. Observations confirm that trend-based predictive logic combined with automated control enhances production continuity, optimizes energy use, and supports sustainability objectives. Overall, the technology has proven effective in maintaining production continuity, extending equipment longevity, and delivering measurable economic value. This paper introduces a scalable, algorithm-enabled solution for ESP optimization that combines trend-based diagnostics, automated control, and real-time monitoring. Unlike conventional reactive methods, this approach enables proactive problem management, dynamic parameter adjustment without on-site intervention and demonstrates how digital technologies can transform ESP operations, delivering operational excellence and aligning with industry priorities for innovation and efficiency. It advances digital transformation in oilfield operations, contributing new insights into logic-driven production optimization and sustainable energy strategies.