Nut shell is a natural filler widely used across various industries, including furniture, insulation, lightweight products, construction, packaging, and automotive, due to its superior performance and its contribution to industry sustainability. Natural fillers possess hydrophilic characteristics and exhibit heterogeneous behavior upon interaction with other materials, necessitating chemical, mechanical, ultrasonic, and hydrothermal treatments to enhance their interlocking and compatibility. The primary objective of this investigation is to assess the performance of composites, modification processes, fabrication methods, and the performance of different nut shells, to offer more comprehensive recommendations for industrial applications. The findings of this study unequivocally indicate that the modification, shape, and size of fillers, together with manufacturing factors, significantly influence the characterization, physical, mechanical, thermal, and tribological features, and degradation processes of nut shell-reinforced composites. In addition, this study provides the latest advances in understanding the degradation mechanisms of composites, including thermal, biological, and chemical mechanisms. Moreover, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) indicates that using nut shells in composites significantly creates eco-friendly materials and innovative industries. Therefore, further studies must focus on improving compatibility with various matrix types and other materials, optimizing production parameters, and exploring the performance of nut shell-reinforced composites.
Pendahuluan: Hipertensi pada lansia tidak hanya berdampak pada kondisi fisik, tetapi juga memengaruhi kesehatan psikologis seperti stres. Lansia hipertensi sering mengalami kecemasan, keterbatasan aktivitas, dan kurangnya dukungan sosial, terutama yang tinggal di panti sosial. Kondisi stres yang berkepanjangan dapat memperburuk tekanan darah dan menurunkan kualitas hidup lansia. Salah satu intervensi non-farmakologis yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi stres adalah mindfulness exercise. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh mindfulness exercise terhadap tingkat stres pada lansia hipertensi di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain pra-experimental one group pretest-posttest. Tingkat stres diukur menggunakan kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi mindfulness exercise. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat stres setelah pemberian mindfulness exercise. Lansia terlihat lebih tenang, rileks, dan mampu mengontrol emosi dengan lebih baik. Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan mindfulness exercise terhadap penurunan tingkat stres pada lansia hipertensi. Simpulan: Mindfulness exercise efektif sebagai intervensi non-farmakologis untuk membantu menurunkan stres dan meningkatkan kenyamanan psikologis lansia hipertensi di panti sosial.
This study aims to formulate a value-based Islamic educational management model for strengthening santri character development in pesantren dormitories. Pesantren have long functioned as centers of religious learning and moral formation in Indonesia; however, character education is often practiced through inherited traditions, while systematic management mechanisms remain limited. This study employed a qualitative integrative literature review to synthesize empirical sources on pesantren education, Islamic education management, and character development. Following PRISMA procedures, 64 sources were identified, 35 were selected, and the data were analyzed using thematic content analysis in NVivo 12 Plus. The findings show that santri character development is rooted in ta’dib, tawhid, worship, akhlaq, and moral habituation. Character formation emerges as a holistic process involving cognitive, affective, moral, social, and spiritual dimensions. Dormitory life functions as a hidden curriculum through exemplary leadership, habituation, supervision, and communal discipline. Effective development requires structured planning, organizing, implementation, supervision, evaluation, and adaptive Islamic management. The implications indicate that pesantren leaders should institutionalize value-based character education programs that are systematic, measurable, sustainable, and responsive to contemporary educational challenges, while integrating Islamic moral values, dormitory-based habituation, and educational management functions into a coherent framework for stronger, accountable, and contextually relevant santri character formation in pesantren.
Background: Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by *salmonella enterica* serovar typhi and remains a significant health issue in developing countries, including Indonesia. The disease is generally transmitted through contaminated food and water and is closely linked to poor sanitation and hygiene. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent complications. Purpose: To describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of typhoid fever in a patient. Method: This activity involved nursing care using a qualitative descriptive approach based on a case report, conducted on November 18, 2025. It describes the clinical course, diagnostic process, and management of typhoid fever in a single patient. The subject was an outpatient presenting with a three-day history of intermittent fever, accompanied by dizziness, generalized weakness, nausea, and reduced appetite. The activity was conducted in accordance with the CARE guidelines for case reports. Data were collected through medical history taking, physical examination, and ancillary tests. Data were analyzed using a descriptive-narrative approach by comparing the patient's clinical findings against the diagnostic criteria for typhoid fever. Results: Physical examination revealed the patient was fully conscious (*compos mentis*) with stable vital signs. Laboratory findings showed a leukocyte count of 4,900/mm³. The Widal test indicated *Salmonella typhi* O and H titers of 1/320. The patient was diagnosed with typhoid fever and treated with thiamphenicol, paracetamol, omeprazole, domperidone, and vitamin B complex. Following treatment, the patient's clinical condition improved, and no complications occurred during the treatment period. Conclusion: A diagnosis of typhoid fever can be established based on clinical manifestations supported by laboratory findings. Appropriate antibiotic administration and supportive therapy yield favorable clinical outcomes and help prevent complications. Suggestion: Education regarding personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, and the rational use of antibiotics needs to be enhanced to reduce the incidence and complications of typhoid fever. Keywords: Case study; Systemic infection; Salmonella typhi; Typhoid fever; Widal test Pendahuluan: Demam tifoid merupakan penyakit infeksi sistemik akut yang disebabkan oleh salmonella enterica serovar typhi dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Penyakit ini umumnya ditularkan melalui makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi serta berkaitan erat dengan sanitasi dan higiene yang kurang baik. Penegakan diagnosis dan tata laksana yang tepat penting dilakukan untuk mencegah komplikasi. Tujuan: Untuk menggambarkan manifestasi klinis, diagnosis, dan penatalaksanaan demam tifoid pada pasien. Metode: Kegiatan merupakan asuhan keperawatan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis studi kasus (case report) yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 18 November 2025. Kegiatan ini mendeskripsikan perjalanan klinis, penegakan diagnosis, dan tata laksana demam tifoid pada satu pasien. Subjek dalam kegiatan ini adalah pasien yang sedang rawat jalan dengan keluhan demam sejak tiga hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit, bersifat hilang timbul, disertai pusing, badan lemas, mual, dan penurunan nafsu makan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan mengacu pada panduan case report guidelines (CARE). Data dikumpulkan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif-naratif dengan membandingkan temuan klinis pasien terhadap kriteria diagnosis demam tifoid. Hasil: Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan kesadaran compos mentis dengan tanda vital stabil. Pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan leukosit 4.900/mm³. Pemeriksaan tes Widal menunjukkan titer salmonella typhi O sebesar 1/320 dan H sebesar 1/320. Pasien didiagnosis demam tifoid dan mendapatkan terapi berupa thiamfenicol, paracetamol, omeprazole, domperidone, dan vitamin B kompleks. Setelah mendapatkan terapi, kondisi klinis pasien membaik tanpa ditemukan komplikasi selama masa pengobatan. Simpulan: Diagnosis demam tifoid dapat ditegakkan berdasarkan manifestasi klinis yang didukung pemeriksaan laboratorium. Pemberian antibiotik dan terapi suportif yang tepat memberikan luaran klinis yang baik serta dapat mencegah komplikasi. Saran: Edukasi mengenai kebersihan diri, sanitasi lingkungan, serta penggunaan antibiotik yang rasional perlu ditingkatkan untuk menurunkan angka kejadian dan komplikasi demam tifoid.
Scientific work productivity among lecturers is an important indicator of improving the quality and competitiveness of higher education institutions. This study aims to analyze a model for improving lecturers’ scientific work productivity at Universitas Malahayati through competence, workload, and incentives, with motivation as a mediating variable. This study employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. The research population consisted of lecturers at Universitas Malahayati, with a sample of 119 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The research model examined the direct effects of competence, workload, and incentives on scientific work productivity, as well as their effects on motivation. Furthermore, motivation was examined as a mediator in the relationships between the independent variables and scientific work productivity. The results are expected to provide empirical insights into the individual and organizational factors that contribute to improving lecturers’ scientific work productivity. This study is also expected to serve as a basis for Universitas Malahayati in designing strategies for competency development, workload management, incentive provision, and motivation enhancement to sustainably improve both the quantity and quality of lecturers’ scientific work.
