Background. The relevance of the article is determined by the objectives of digitalization of education and focusing on the development of digital activities of university teachers within the framework of the Russian state policy in the field of digital transformation of society and education. Digital learning technologies are one of the technologies that provide equivalent professional training opportunities for specialists. However, in addition to the possibilities, the introduction of these technologies is accompanied by numerous ethical problems, in particular the problem of technostress, which sometimes calls into question the economic feasibility of their widespread and uncontrolled use. The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of technostress on the teaching staff, taking into account the experience of Samara State University of Economics. Materials and methods. The material of the work was scientific works of domestic and foreign authors on the research topic, legislative acts, electronic resources, etc. The research methods were interviewing, methods of description, observation and analysis, as well as cross-examination. Results. The results of the work deepen the understanding of the topic under study by presenting the characteristics of the concept of technostress in Russian and foreign sources, determining its influence on teachers (it contributes to the emergence of professional problems such as emotional burnout, low job satisfaction, and even retirement from the profession). Teachers may associate the use of ICT with increased exposure to these negative emotions, which leads to the fact that they minimize their dependence on technology as a mechanism for overcoming negative consequences. The prevalence of technostress among respondents was just over half. In general, the respondents had a moderate level of technostress. The more work experience, the less likely technostress is and the lower the level of its manifestation. The age and gender of the teaching staff, as well as the number of hours spent per day using technical devices, attending technology-related trainings, and years of using computer gadgets did not significantly affect their experience of technostress.
The article examines the main types of territories with special economic regimes: special economic zones, free economic zones, and advanced development territories. Their typology, goal establishing, conditions and features of functioning, as well as variants of the legal regime are presented. The effectiveness of their functioning in key economic areas is summarized. In the Russian Federation, there are the following types of special economic regimes: special economic zones, free economic zones, territories of advanced development. Special economic regimes are created with the aim of creating favorable business conditions, attracting investment and stimulating development of priority industries, which undoubtedly determines the relevance of the topic of this study. In Russia, the operation of free economic zones is regulated by a special legal regime that provides preferences for businesses and permits the use of a simplified customs regime. The purpose of creating special economic zones is to promote important sectors of the economy, develop tourism, port and transport infrastructure, develop technologies and bring them to the market, as well as launch new products. Legislative regulation of special economic zones is carried out by Federal Law No. 116FZ dated 07.22.2005 "On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation", which establishes the legal regime of special economic zones, the procedure for creating zones and terminating their existence, and the specifics of entrepreneurial activity on their territory. 116-FZ interprets the definition of "a special economic zone is a part of the territory of the Russian Federation, which is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation and which has a special regime for conducting business, and the customs procedure of a free customs zone may also be applied".
В статье отмечается, что российский рынок ценных бумаг представляет собой фундаментальный элемент национальной финансовой системы, оказывающий существенное влияние на экономическое развитие страны. Рынок ценных бумаг играет важную роль в аккумуляции инвестиционных ресурсов, содействии развитию корпоративного сектора и стимулировании общего экономического роста. Учитывая влияние глобальной неопределенности на развитие современной мировой экономики и не исключая высокой вероятности значительных трансформаций в финансовой системе России, анализ конкурентных взаимодействий на рынке ценных бумаг можно считать актуальным направлением исследования. Современная экономическая мысль предлагает множество методов для изучения конкуренции на рынке ценных бумаг. Среди них ключевое место занимает институциональный подход, который служит основой для научного анализа и интерпретации системы взаимосвязанных экономических понятий, включая саму категорию конкуренции. The article notes that the Russian securities market is a fundamental element of the national financial system, which has a significant impact on the country's economic development. The securities market plays a vital role in accumulating investment resources, facilitating the development of the corporate sector, and stimulating overall economic growth. Given the impact of global uncertainty on the development of the modern global economy and the high probability of significant transformations in the Russian financial system, analyzing competitive interactions in the securities market can be considered a relevant area of research. Modern economic thought offers a variety of methods for studying competition in the securities market. Among these, the institutional approach occupies a key place, serving as the basis for the scientific analysis and interpretation of a system of interconnected economic concepts, including the concept of competition itself.
Small and medium-sized businesses play a vital role in the country's socioeconomic development and strengthening industrial sovereignty. Small and medium-sized businesses create new jobs, stimulating competition in the labor market, reducing unemployment, and increasing tax revenues. Therefore, the government recognizes the need to provide timely support for small and medium-sized businesses in the form of favorable economic, legal, and political conditions for their effective development. The main problem hindering the development and prosperity of small businesses in Russia is the constant need to attract financial resources, which is due to a lack of internal funds for working capital, investment projects, and other purposes. Small and medium-sized firms experience a particularly high need for additional funds in the early stages of their development and during periods of business expansion. Improving the efficiency of funding methods, including the use of innovative, technological instruments and the implementation of financial support measures, can reduce the impact of negative trends on the small and medium-sized business sector in the Russian economy.
