Shahid Matangini Hazra Government College for Women, established in 2015, is located in West Bengal, India, is an undergraduate women's college in Purba Medinipur district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts and science. This college is affiliated to Vidyasagar University.
We address how the interplay between the finite availability and carrying capacity of particles at different parts of a spatially extended system can control the steady state currents and density profiles in the one-dimensional current-carrying lanes connecting the different parts of the system. To study this, we set up a minimal model consisting of two particle reservoirs of the same finite carrying capacity connected by two equally sized anti-parallel asymmetric exclusion processes (TASEP). We focus on the steady-state currents and particle density profiles in the two TASEP lanes. The ensuing phases and the phase diagrams, which can be remarkably complex, are parametrized by the model parameters defining particle exchange between the TASEP lanes and the reservoirs and the filling fraction of the particles that determine the total resources available. These parameters may be tuned to make the densities of the two TASEP lanes globally uniform or piece-wise continuous in the form of a combination of a single localized domain wall and a spatially constant density or a pair of delocalized domain walls. Our model reveals that the two reservoirs can be preferentially populated or depopulated in the steady states.
Sundarban is a designated world heritage with world’s largest contiguous mangrove forest cover, shared by India and Bangladesh. The Indian part is divided into two morphological units: reclaimed section and non-reclaimed mangrove forests. Here alarming changes are reported in light of erratic monsoons, increasing sea levels, salinity, frequent cyclones and coastal flooding, vanishing islands, and socio-economic crisis; leading to growing numbers of ecological refugees. It is one of the most cyclone prone areas in the world. Though there are piecemeal efforts in tackling the menace of cyclone, a holistic cyclone preparedness plan with bottom-up approach is still missing. This lacuna was glaringly highlighted during cyclone Amphan on May 20, 2020, when the state was reeling under the COVID-19 pandemic. To minimize the loopholes in the existing cyclone mitigation practices, the paper tries to prepare a process prototype by involving (a) Occurrence-Resistance-Resilience Analysis and (b) Preparedness-Risk Reduction-Capacity Assessment : encompassing physical and socio-economic parameters. For the first part, vulnerable zone identification through data mining of cyclone occurrence and identification of eroding and stable sections; analysing land use change; studying hydrographic and hydrologic condition affecting the embankment stability; and scrutinising the socio-economic condition and infrastructural amenities present needs to be conducted. The second part entails devising effective management strategies through the following: upgradation of disaster warning system; optimising the location of cyclone shelters and relief distribution centres; efficient relief distribution; and viability checking of insurance cover. This proactive approach reflecting the ground reality would be beneficial for formulating an effective Cyclone Preparedness Plan with a participatory approach.
A novel series of trivalent coordination complexes was synthesized by the reaction between a chloride/ acetate salt of iron, chromium, cobalt or manganese ions and NNNNOO type persuasive Schiff base ligand synthesized from 2,3-dioxobutane, ethane-1,2-diamine and 4-chloro-2-formylphenol. Synthesized compounds were characterized by using elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic moment, IR, UV-visible, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS spectral analyses. IR and NMR spectra favoured hexadentate coordination behaviour of ligand. Electronic spectra and magnetic moment data reveal Oh geometry with distortion around the metal ion in complexes. The molar conductance values show 1:1 electrolytic nature of complexes. Biological potentiality of the ligand and its metal complexes were tested in vitro against two bacterial and two fungal strains; Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Aspirgillus niger, Aspirgillus flavus, respectively.
For a connected graph [Formula: see text] and a fixed integer [Formula: see text], a node [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]-dominates another node [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. An edge [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-neighborhood covered by a vertex [Formula: see text], if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], i.e., both the vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-dominated by the vertex [Formula: see text]. A set [Formula: see text] is known to be a [Formula: see text]-neighborhood covering ([Formula: see text]-NC) set of graph [Formula: see text] if and only if one or more vertices of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]-dominate each edge in E. Among all [Formula: see text]-NC sets of graph [Formula: see text], the set with fewest cardinality is the minimum [Formula: see text]-NC set of [Formula: see text] and we indicate its cardinality as [Formula: see text]-NC-number and we denote it by the symbol [Formula: see text]. This is an NP-complete problem on general graphs. It is also NP-complete for chordal graphs. Here, we develop an [Formula: see text] time algorithm for computing a minimum [Formula: see text]-NC set of permutation graphs, where [Formula: see text] indicates the order of the set [Formula: see text].
