Siddhartha Medical College is a medical school in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. It provides undergraduate and graduate medical education in AP. It is located in Gunadala, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh.
Abstract Myiasis is a condition in which the maggots feed and develop in the tissues of living organisms. It is most common in tropical and subtropical regions. Human myiasis is prevalent among individuals in close association with domestic animals and those inhabiting unhygienic conditions. Other factors that contribute to its prevalence include immunocompromised status, diabetes mellitus, unhygienic conditions, delay in seeking medical attention, mental retardation, alcoholism, nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, poor social conditions, old age, and vascular occlusive disease. Head- and neck-specific risks include open-mouthed breathing, a history of tooth extraction, a history of maxillofacial trauma, an open bite, and head and neck cancer. The majority of known cerebral myiasis cases in higher-income countries were consequent to neglected skin tumors, while in lower-income countries, they were mostly attributable to inadequate wound care. We report a case of a 72-year-old single, abandoned woman who was brought to the emergency department of Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India, in August 2025 with complaints of severe headache, intermittent fever, and discharge from the scalp wound for 1 week. This differential diagnosis should be remembered, particularly when the classic signs of inflammation are not present and brain CT shows round, regular, hypodense lesions on imaging. This case emphasizes the importance of timely and aggressive intervention in these cases, as any inadvertent delay could result in damage to vital structures in the head and neck region. Healthcare professionals should possess the knowledge and skills to identify these cases to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Tattooing and cosmetic micropigmentation are widely practiced procedures that are usually considered safe, but they can cause delayed granulomatous reactions and can comprise more than localized foreign-body reactions. This review synthesizes available evidence on granulomatous cutaneous reactions following tattooing and cosmetic micropigmentation, focusing on clinical presentation, histopathology, systemic associations, treatments, and outcomes. Across the included studies, granulomatous reactions occurred commonly with black and red pigments and presented as papular or nodular lesions with variable latency. Histological findings were consistent with non-caseating granulomas, and a substantial proportion of patients demonstrated ocular or systemic involvement, particularly sarcoidosis. Therapeutic approaches varied, most commonly involving immunosuppressive treatments, with generally favorable outcomes reported. Overall, granulomatous reactions associated with tattooing and micropigmentation, although uncommon, carry important clinical implications and should prompt consideration of systemic evaluation rather than being regarded as isolated cutaneous events.
Smith-McCort dysplasia (SMC) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterised by short-trunk dwarfism, skeletal dysplasia, and platyspondyly. It is closely related to Dyggve–Melchior–Clausen syndrome, but patients with SMC have normal mental functions. Both disorders are caused by mutations in the Dymeclin gene (DYM). We report the case of an 8-year-old girl presenting with disproportionate short stature, rhizomelic limb shortening, pectus carinatum, Harrison sulcus, and metaphyseal dysplastic changes in the knee, hip and shoulder joints. Genetic analysis identified a mutation in the DYM gene: Homozygous splice site variant (c.1126-2A>G). Notably, echocardiography revealed a small secundum atrial septal defect, a finding rarely associated with SMC.
Abstract Purpose Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include anxiety and depression, with estimates varying across IBD types. We conducted a review and meta-analysis to estimate prevalence and incidence of anxiety and depression in IBD, compare psychiatric burden in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and identify heterogeneity. Methods MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase were searched for anxiety/depression in IBD until May 2026. Random-effects meta-analyses calculated pooled prevalence/risk; heterogeneity was evaluated through Cochran’s Q, I², τ², and meta-regression. PROSPERO ID CRD420261297050. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the analysis. Thirteen studies ( n = 5,616) reported an anxiety prevalence of 24% (95% CI, 19–30%), and 15 studies ( n = 5,956) reported a depression prevalence of 24% (95% CI, 20–28%). Six cohort studies showed that IBD was associated with increased anxiety (HR 1.36, 95% CI, 1.17–1.59) and depression risk (HR 1.44, 95% CI, 1.35–1.54) versus non-IBD controls. No differences were observed between CD and UC for anxiety (OR 1.05, 95% CI, 0.64–1.73) or depression (OR 1.13, 95% CI, 0.86–1.48). Region explained heterogeneity, and instruments did not influence the estimates. The findings were robust, and no publication bias was identified. Conclusions One in four with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experiences anxiety or depression, and Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) burden suggest inflammation underlies this risk. Findings support assessment, clarify gut-brain links, and identify beneficiaries.
Background: Volar Barton fractures are unstable intra-articular fractures of the distal radius characterized by disruption of the volar rim and radiocarpal instability. Anatomical reduction and stable fixation are important to restore joint congruity, permit rehabilitation, and reduce the risk of persistent instability and post-traumatic dysfunction. Volar locking plate fixation provides angular stability and subchondral support and is widely used for unstable distal radius fracture patterns. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital between April 2024 and October 2025. Thirty adult patients with closed AO/OTA 23-B3 volar Barton fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation using a volar locking plate through the modified Henry approach. Patients were followed for 12 months. Functional outcome was assessed using the Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS), which evaluates pain, functional status, range of motion, and grip strength. Clinical and radiological union, postoperative complications, and serial functional recovery were recorded at predefined follow-up intervals. Results: Thirty patients completed the study. The mean age was 41.6±13.4 years and 23 patients (76.7%) were male. Radiological union was achieved in all patients without loss of reduction or implant failure. At 12 months, 20 patients (66.7%) had excellent MMWS outcomes, 7 (23.3%) had good outcomes, and 3 (10.0%) had fair outcomes; therefore, 90.0% achieved good-to-excellent functional results. Three patients (10.0%) developed superficial wound infection, all of which resolved with antibiotic therapy and local wound care. Conclusions: Volar locking plate fixation was associated with reliable fracture union and progressive improvement in pain, wrist motion, grip strength, and patient satisfaction during the first postoperative year. The findings support volar locking plate fixation as an effective treatment option for unstable AO/OTA 23-B3 volar Barton fractures, while the absence of a comparison group limits conclusions regarding superiority over alternative treatments.
