Tavrida National V.I. Vernadsky University

Background. The article examines the phenomenon of legal nihilism among servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine under the legal regime of martial law. The relevance is driven by the critical increase in cases of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit (hereinafter – Absent Without Official Leave, AWOL), which destabilizes the combat effectiveness of units. Drawing on the conceptual foundations of the classification of offenses developed, the authors analyze legislative flaws that act as key determinants of the distortion of the legal consciousness of combatants. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the transition from a repressive criminal model to a human-centric administrative and service-oriented approach. Methods. The study is based on a dogmatic analysis of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses (CUAO), analysis of current AWOL statistics, and monitoring of law enforcement practice. A comparative legal method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of criminal sanctions versus administrative penalties in the context of maintaining military discipline. Results. It is established that the current versions of Art. 407 of the Criminal Code and Art. 172-11 of the Administrative Code create conditions for "forced criminalization" of the servicemen due to the lack of a flexible boundary of liability during wartime. The norms of Law No. 3902-IX are critically analyzed, where delegating to commanders the subjective right to release a person from liability is identified as a factor of legal voluntarism. The authors concept of "Smart Administrative Liability" is proposed, involving automated fines via digital ecosystems (Diia, Rezerv+). Conclusions. It is proved that systemic imperfection of legislation is the primary determinant of legal nihilism. The introduction of automated administrative procedures and the implementation of a territorial recruitment principle would not only reduce the level of offenses but also free substantial human resources within the law enforcement system, thereby strengthening frontline capabilities.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the conceptual and theoretical origins of postliberal democratic theory through the prism of communitarian political philosophy. It has been established that the intellectual foundations of postliberalism are formed on the basis of criticism of liberal individualism, moral relativism, and the principle of the value-neutral state characteristic of the classical liberal tradition. The main directions of the communitarian critique of liberalism have been systematized, particularly regarding the interpretation of the autonomous self, the relationship between the individual and the community, as well as the liberal priority of rights over the common good. It has been demonstrated that the concepts developed by A. MacIntyre, M. Sandel, and Ch. Taylor became important intellectual preconditions for the emergence of postliberal democratic theory. The transformation of communitarian ideas into the postliberal discourse has been traced, within which particular emphasis is placed on collective identity, moral values, social solidarity, and the concept of the common good. It has been established that Ch. Taylor’s politics of recognition and M. Sandel’s critique of the value-neutral state were adapted by postliberal theory as the foundations of a new understanding of the interrelation between democracy, culture, and moral order. The study substantiates that virtue, morality, and the common good, which occupy a central place in A. MacIntyre’s philosophy, became some of the key normative principles of the postliberal model of democracy. It is concluded that postliberalism emerges not only as a critique of the liberal order, but also as an attempt to reinterpret democratic governance on the basis of the moral and value-based integration of society under conditions of contemporary global transformations.

The purpose of the research was to present the content, structure, criteria and indicators of the formation of translation consciousness of a future specialist; to reveal the informational and methodological support for its formation by means of psycholinguistic context in the educational process in higher educational institutions; to describe the procedure for identifying the state of formation of translation consciousness of future specialist. Methods. Theoretical methods were categorical and structurally-functional analysis of lexical units, the methods of systematization, modeling, generalization; empirical ones – the analysis of lexical units, the experiment. For the purpose of studying the ways of formation of translation consciousness of future specialist we used author’s methodologies (“Formation of translation consciousness of future specialists” (Ivashkevych, 2018); “Methodology for researching the axiological competence of students – future translators” (Mykhalchuk & Ivashkevych, 2022a); “Investigating the professional image of the translator’s world” (Ivashkevych, 2022), etc.). Results. We firstly in the scientific paradigm proposed the concept «translation consciousness». We think, that translation consciousness is a complex dynamic system that has a clearly ordered organization, in which, repeatedly intersecting in different parameters, diverse information about lexical and equivalent units is obtained by the translator as a result of rational, sensory, cultural and social experience, which is processed and stored. The specialist masters the meanings of lexical units in the context of studying absolutely another culture, in the process of socialization, when, appropriating various thematic groups of lexical units, translation consciousness is integrated into some basic, stable structures, which are concepts. Naturally, in this case, lexical units automatically induce with their appearance of all the information associated with them, specify diverse structures of knowledge, both verbalized and non-verbalized, “experienced” by the specialist, which are included into the structure of personally significant experience, accumulate in the conceptual system of the translator. Our study emphasizes the special role of the translator’s consciousness, its mediating function in the process of translation activity, which ensures the specialist’s ability to form a multidimensional system of connections in the person’s own consciousness; the latter facilitates the achievement of success in translation activity. Conclusions. Formed translation consciousness of the philologist is actualized at the levels of linguistic and non-linguistic expression and explication of meanings. Non-linguistic level is manifested at the levels of the meaning of our life, professional activity, existence and performance of actions. Translation activity actualizes to the greatest extent the important meanings of sense in the life and professional activity of people. Thus, translation consciousness plays the role of a link between the mental activity of the individual and the conditions of existence of objective reality. In the case of understanding the content of the text translated by a specialist, the translator effectively carries out his/her own professional activity if there is a connection between the content of this text and the microcosm of the personality.

In the Digital Era of Governance, budgeting entails leveraging data-driven methodologies and digital technology to enhance the effectiveness, accountability, and openness of public financial management. In order to optimize resource allocation and prevent corruption, this transformation entails putting in place digital financial management platforms and systems, integrating data for real-time monitoring, improving public participation through digital tools, and utilizing cutting-edge technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence. Meanwhile, as our study showed, key challenges, inherent not only in low-income, but even the most developed countries, include ensuring data security, addressing integration issues, developing necessary skills and infrastructure, and adapting organizational culture. The study employs methodology of integrative review, covering the sample of 36 publications of theoretical and case-based nature.

This paper aimed to identify the mechanisms through which psychological culture influences academic staff’s professional self-realisation via the mediating role of post-traumatic growth. The study involved 212 faculty members from Ukrainian HEIs. The quantitative phase involved the use of standardised instruments to measure psychological culture (Self-Regulation Questionnaire), career adaptability (Career Adapt-Abilities Scale) and post-traumatic growth (Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory). The qualitative stage involved conducting semi-structured interviews designed by the authors. Statistical analysis was carried out using mediation analysis with bootstrapping to assess indirect effects, and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test) for intergroup comparisons. A statistically significant direct effect of psychological culture on professional self-realisation was found (beta coefficient 0.42, p < 0.001). The mediating mechanism was empirically confirmed: post-traumatic growth mediates this relationship, with an indirect effect of 0.31 (confidence interval: 0.22 to 0.41). Differences in the mediator’s functioning were identified by experience: the effect is stronger among expert educators (beta = 0.44) than among novice professionals (beta = 0.19). Psychological culture serves as a fundamental resource that stimulates processes of positive personal transformation in wartime conditions. Professional self-realisation in extreme conditions is facilitated not only by adaptive skills but also by the ability to cognitively process traumatic experiences.