Tikrit University (Arabic: جامعة تكريت) is an Iraqi university located in Tikrit, Saladin Province, Iraq. It was established in 1987. It is one of the largest universities in Iraq with over 30,000 students. While it has faced challenges in recent years due to the conflict that has engulfed Iraq, it has begun to reemerge as a respected institution of higher education. It has sought to partner with other universities around the globe in an effort to reconnect its faculty and students to a global network.As well University of Tikrit is accredited by Accreditation Service for International Colleges and Universities (ASIC UK)..
Through this study, a number of new tetrazole derivatives were formed by reacting Schiff lead derivatives with NaN3 in the presence of DMF as a solvent using an environmentally friendly and novel approach, namely microwave. These compounds were characterized by FT-IR and 1H&13C-NMR spectra, which confirmed that the synthesized ring was successful through the disappearance of the (C=O) group and the appearance of the amine group (NH2), the azo group (N=N), and the (CH) group, which are the characteristic groups in tetrazole compounds. Compounds [E5] and [E8] were chosen because of their proven effectiveness against E. coli and S. aureus. The results showed that compound [E5] was superior to standard antibiotics in inhibiting the growth of E. coli, while compound E8 showed good activity at high concentrations where the two antibiotics were used. Laser irradiation studies also revealed a significant decrease in melting points and a change in color, indicating that the molecular structure of these derivatives is affected by photo-treatment. Computed tomography analysis of molecular docking using biotin carboxylase protein (PDB: 3jzf) showed that compound [E5] exhibits the highest binding affinity and best stability within the active site, exhibiting low binding energies and multiple interactions, including hydrogen bonds and π interactions. Furthermore, optical analysis of compounds [E5, E8] using polarized microscopy revealed that compound E5 exhibits clear phase behavior of a hexagonal columnar liquid (Colₕ) followed by a vegetative (N) phase, while compound E8 showed no liquid crystalline properties. These results confirm that the prepared tetrazole derivatives, particularly compound [E5], are promising materials for pharmaceutical and bioactive applications, with potential for future use as highly effective antibacterial agents.
The study aims to understand and analyse the antecedents of knowledge hiding behaviour and their impact on the formation of this behaviour through importance-performance map analysis within the Iraqi context, specifically at the Northern Technical University. The descriptive-analytical approach was adopted by reviewing relevant literature to identify the most commonly agreed-upon antecedents, which were then examined based on individual, interpersonal, and organisational antecedents. The research population consisted of 1,800 individuals, from which a non-random sample of 316 participants was selected. Data were collected through a questionnaire developed based on a comprehensive scientific review. The study found that knowledge hiding behaviour at the Northern Technical University primarily stems from organisational antecedents, which contribute to the formation of an unhealthy work environment. This, in turn, leads to the development of individual and interpersonal antecedents, all of which collectively foster KHB. Therefore, all antecedents play a significant role in shaping KHB in the Iraqi context. This study represents an emerging research direction in the Arab world - particularly in Iraq - aimed at exploring the antecedents of knowledge hiding in organisations.
Abstract Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant clinical problem, the principal resistance determinant of which is the mecA gene. This paper uses extensive bioinformatics resources to determine Methicillin resistance gene A (mecA) on the various levels such as sequence analysis, phylogenetic reconstruction, prediction of protein structure and molecular docking. Methods We identified and used National Center for Biotechnology Information, GenBank, Clustal Omega, MEGA X, SWISS-MODEL, and AutoDock Vina to retrieve and analyze twenty-five mecA sequences in various strains of MRSA. Results Findings showed a high level of sequence conservation (97.2–99.8% identity) to the presence of absolutely conserved catalytic residues (Ser403, Lys406, Thr600). Phylogenetic studies confirmed that mecA was spread by horizontal gene transfer using Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) traveling elements. PBP2a was shown to have a constricted active site that was identified through three-dimensional modeling, which causes low beta-lactam affinity. Phenotypic resistance was described by the use of molecular docking indicating a weak binding of methicillin to PBP2a (-4.2 kcal/mol) in comparison to the native Penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) (-7.5 kcal/mol). The functional analysis has determined that there are three domains and new motifs of PBP2a. Comparative analysis of SCCmec showed the presence of fourteen types (I-XIV) having different sizes and resistance genes. Conclusions These results offer a molecular understanding of resistance to methicillin and can be used as a guide to develop novel anti-MRSA drugs with potential therapeutic targets.
In this study, five lead-free phosphate–borate glasses with compositions P2O5–ZnO–BaO–B2O3–Bi2O3 were fabricated using the melt-quench technique for gamma radiation shielding applications. The Bi2O3 content was varied from 0 to 20 mol
The treatment of produced water (PW) containing organic pollutants remains a major environmental challenge. In this work, a silver oxide–modified bentonite (Ag₂O/bentonite) composite was prepared via a simple precipitation method and evaluated for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in real produced water. Material characterization confirmed the successful loading of Ag₂O nanoparticles on the bentonite surface, with a specific surface area of 489.3 m2/g. The distinctive contribution of this work lies in the combined application of (i) an Ag₂O/bentonite composite as a dual-function adsorbent–photocatalyst, (ii) a newly designed digital baffle batch reactor to enhance mass transfer, and (iii) response surface methodology (Box–Behnken design) for systematic process optimization under practical operating conditions. Under optimal conditions (pH 3, catalyst dose 1 g, reaction time 120 min, and temperature 50 °C), the Ag₂O/bentonite composite achieved an organic removal efficiency of 99.8
