Walisongo State Islamic University

Bahtsul Masail is one of the scholarly traditions developed within Islamic Boarding Schools (pesantren) and functions as a discussion forum to respond to various religious and social issues emerging in society. However, student examiming bahtsul masaial as a pesantren culture from the perspective of Islamic Education Management, particulary in relation to the implementation of bahtsul masail, explain its role as a pesantren culture in improving students’ intellectuality, and identify the forms of intellectual development emerging through the activity at Pondok Pesantren Al-Itqon, Semarang City. This study employed a qualitative approach with a field research design. Data obtained through intervieews, observation, and documentation involving five informants consisting of the program coordinator, the person in charge, the validator of problem descriptions, and two participating students. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Salada model through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that bahtsul masail, implemented through the Forum Diskusi Santri Al-Itqon (Fokus-SA), has developed into a pesantren educational culture operating through problem identification, refrence exploration, argument construction, deliberative discussion, and scholarly legimition. This culture contributes to improving students’ intellectuality as reflected in the development of analytical, argumentative, and systematic thinking skills, as well as the ability to refer to scholarly sources more selectively and responsibly.

Although studies on digital religion and social media have grown substantially, research that specifically integrates algorithmic polarization with religious moderation practices among Indonesian Muslim youth remains limited. This study examines how algorithmic polarization on social media shapes the practice, understanding, and internalization of religious moderation among young Muslim generations in Indonesia. Using a qualitative netnographic approach developed by Kozinets, data were collected through digital observation, semi-structured interviews with 20 informants comprising young Muslims, Islamic content creators, and digital community members, as well as content documentation across TikTok, Instagram, YouTube, and X. The findings reveal five interconnected dynamics: the decentralization of religious authority toward digital content creators driven by engagement metrics; the formation of religious echo chambers through behavior-based recommendation systems; the structural marginalization of moderate narratives within attention-driven platform logics; the emergence of digital religious literacy as a form of resistance against polarization; and the fluid yet algorithmically constrained negotiation of religious identity among young Muslims. While informants with stronger digital literacy demonstrate greater capacity to verify sources and contextualize religious messages, those with lower literacy remain vulnerable to fragmented and unverified content. The study concludes that religious moderation in the digital era is a sociotechnical phenomenon shaped by platform architecture, algorithmic mechanisms, and user literacy, requiring integrated religious, digital, and algorithmic literacies. These findings contribute theoretically to discourses on digital religion, algorithmic culture, and the mediatization of Islam, while offering practical implications for religious education and digital literacy policy in Muslim-majority societies.

The institutionalization of Islamic marriage registration in Indonesia reflects the expanding role of the state in governing family life through legal and administrative mechanisms. Although state law requires marriages to be both religiously valid and officially registered, its implementation continues to reveal tensions among religious norms, bureaucratic procedures, and institutional practices, particularly in cases of unregistered marriages. This article examines how Islamic marriage registration is governed and how legal recognition is produced through the interaction of regulatory frameworks, administrative procedures, and judicial mechanisms. Employing a qualitative socio-legal approach, the study draws on document analysis of statutes, implementing regulations, administrative circulars, administrative instruments, and relevant decisions of the Islamic courts. The findings demonstrate that marriage registration operates as a layered governance regime in which legal recognition depends not only on religious validity but also on documentary compliance, inter-institutional coordination, administrative capacity, and access to judicial remedies. The study further shows that regulatory complexity generates multiple forms of administrative burden, including learning, compliance, and psychological costs, all of which shape citizens’ ability to obtain legally recognized marital status. Within this framework, the Islamic courts—particularly through the mechanism of isbāt nikāḥ (marriage validation)—serve as an institutional bridge between religious legitimacy and administrative recognition. The article argues that Islamic marriage registration functions as a technology of state legibility, rendering religiously based family relationships administratively visible, legally recognizable, and governable by the state. It offers a socio-legal framework for understanding how legal recognition is produced through the interaction of religious norms, administrative procedures, and institutional practices in the governance of Islamic family law in Indonesia. [Institusionalisasi pencatatan perkawinan Islam di Indonesia mencerminkan semakin luasnya peran negara dalam mengatur kehidupan keluarga melalui mekanisme hukum dan administrasi. Meskipun hukum negara mengharuskan perkawinan sah menurut agama dan dicatat oleh negara, implementasinya masih memperlihatkan berbagai ketegangan antara norma keagamaan, prosedur birokrasi, dan praktik kelembagaan, terutama dalam kasus perkawinan yang tidak tercatat. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana pencatatan perkawinan Islam dikelola serta bagaimana pengakuan hukum dibentuk melalui interaksi antara kerangka regulasi, prosedur administrasi, dan mekanisme peradilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-legal kualitatif dengan analisis dokumen terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, regulasi pelaksana, surat edaran, instrumen administrasi, dan putusan pengadilan agama yang relevan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencatatan perkawinan beroperasi sebagai rezim tata kelola berlapis, di mana pengakuan hukum tidak hanya ditentukan oleh keabsahan agama, tetapi juga oleh kepatuhan dokumenter, koordinasi antar lembaga, kapasitas administratif, dan akses terhadap mekanisme yudisial. Selain itu, kompleksitas regulasi menghasilkan beban administratif yang beragam, meliputi biaya pembelajaran, biaya kepatuhan, dan beban psikologis yang memengaruhi kemampuan warga negara untuk memperoleh status perkawinan yang diakui secara hukum. Dalam konteks tersebut, Pengadilan Agama, terutama melalui mekanisme isbat nikah, berperan sebagai instrumen kelembagaan yang menjembatani kesenjangan antara legitimasi agama dan pengakuan administratif. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa pencatatan perkawinan Islam berfungsi sebagai teknologi keterbacaan negara yang menjadikan relasi keluarga berbasis agama dapat terlihat secara administratif, diakui secara hukum, dan dikelola oleh negara. Artikel ini menawarkan kerangka sosio-legal untuk menjelaskan bagaimana pengakuan hukum atas perkawinan diproduksi melalui interaksi antara norma agama, prosedur administratif, dan praktik kelembagaan dalam tata kelola hukum keluarga Islam di Indonesia.]

Background: Arabic vocabulary instruction in Islamic elementary schools (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) is often hindered by low student motivation and a reliance on rote memorization, which is particularly ineffective for concrete themes like diseases (al-amrāḍ). This highlights a critical need for developmentally appropriate visual media. Aims: This research aims to: (1) design thematic flashcard media on al-amrāḍ for third-grade students, (2) evaluate the media's validity through expert judgment, and (3) assess its practicality and impact on student engagement. Methods: Employing a Research and Development (R&D) framework, this study utilized the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). The process began with a needs analysis through observation and interviews, followed by the design and validation of flashcards by experts in Arabic language education, media, and linguistics. A limited trial with 22 third-grade students at MI Miftahul Akhlaqiyah, Semarang, was conducted to evaluate practicality and student perceptions through observation and response questionnaires. Results: The flashcards achieved high validity scores from experts: 88% (content), 83% (linguistics), and 75% (media). Student responses were exceptionally positive, with an overall practicality rating of 95%, particularly appreciating the visual appeal, ease of use, and increased motivation. The findings indicate that the flashcards effectively facilitate vocabulary acquisition by creating clear visual-lexical connections. Implications: The al-amrāḍ flashcards are a valid and practical learning medium that effectively addresses pedagogical gaps in elementary Arabic instruction. This research underscores the importance of integrating visual design with linguistic accuracy for young learners. Practically, the flashcards offer an engaging, interactive alternative to traditional methods. Theoretically, it contributes to the discourse on multimedia design for early language acquisition within religious education contexts.

Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi secara historis proses berdirinya Pondok Pesantren Uswatun Hasanah di Mangkang serta menganalisis peran dan kontribusinya terhadap perkembangan Islam dan kehidupan sosial-keagamaan masyarakat setempat. Penelitian menggunakan metode sejarah dengan menelusuri latar sosial-keagamaan, peran tokoh pendiri, dinamika kelembagaan, serta pengaruh pesantren terhadap pembentukan tradisi keislaman di wilayah Mangkang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis karena fokus kajian adalah rekonstruksi proses berdirinya Pondok. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumentasi, wawancara dengan pengasuh, keluarga pendiri, dan observasi terhadap aktivitas kependidikan dan keagamaan di lingkungan pesantren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pesantren Uswatun Hasanah berkembang dari pondok berbasis tradisional menjadi kompleks pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan pendidikan formal, nonformal, dan kepesantrenan, sekaligus berperan sebagai pusat dakwah, kaderisasi, dan penguatan identitas keagamaan masyarakat Mangkang. Temuan ini menegaskan posisi pesantren sebagai agen penting dalam pembinaan generasi muslim berilmu dan berakhlak serta sebagai motor transformasi sosial-keagamaan di tingkat lokal.​