Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta

The subjective evaluation of vowel elongation (madd) in Qur'anic recitation presents a challenge for standardized assessment. This study proposes a two-stage hybrid convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) framework to detect and classify madd occurrences in the recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah. The model is trained on a curated dataset of 480 audio recordings, which are systematically segmented into 8,640 labeled madd instances, comprising 4,800 madd Thabi’i, 3,360 madd ‘Aridh Lissukun, and 480 madd Lazim Mutsaqqal Kilmi. The study investigates eight acoustic features, including mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), formants, and onset energy. An ablation study identifies MFCC as the most critical feature, as its removal reduces classification accuracy to 44.9

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how strategic signals - visual imagery, campaign updates and organizer experience - shape performance in charitable crowdfunding, an elective prosocial setting where trust and authenticity are central. It examines whether and how these signals, often studied in commercial crowdfunding, operate differently in donation-based contexts lacking material incentives.Design/methodology/approachUsing multiple regression analysis, we examine 444 campaigns from Indonesia's largest charitable crowdfunding platform, Kitabisa, in 2023. The analysis tests nonlinear effects of visual frequency, the moderating influence of dynamic updates on static visuals and the differential impact of organizer experience based on initiator type (individual vs. organizations).FindingsResults reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between the number of images and campaign performance, with benefits up to an optimal threshold but diminishing returns beyond it - consistent with cognitive load and limited attention theories. Updates, while generally positive, can attenuate the impact of visuals when both signals are intense, suggesting a substitution effect under certain conditions. Experience enhances performance more strongly for individuals, who rely on it to offset limited institutional legitimacy, than for organizations, whose inherent credibility reduces its marginal value.Practical implicationsCampaigners should calibrate visual use to avoid overload, deploy updates strategically to maintain engagement without diluting earlier signals and align experience-based cues with their initiator profile. Platforms can enhance campaign success by guiding optimal signal intensity and sequencing and by fostering early trust through mechanism such as timely fund allocation.Originality/valueBy identifying nonlinear effects, signal substitution and initiator-specific signaling dynamics, our study refines signaling theory for prosocial contexts. It advances understanding of how donors process multiple cues in charitable crowdfunding, offering a nuanced framework that differs from commercial models and contributes to both theory and practice.

While scholarship on women’s leadership in higher education has grown considerably, the lived experiences of women academic leaders in Islamic institutions remain undertheorised, especially with respect to the contradictory work that religion performs in shaping leadership trajectories. Drawing on intersectionality and theories of religious agency, this study explored how women academic leaders in Islamic higher education across Indonesia, Pakistan, and Malaysia negotiated barriers, mobilized enabling conditions, and built pathways to empowerment. The research used a phenomenological multiple-case design, with twelve leaders chosen through purposive sampling guided by Malterud’s principle of information power. Data came from in-depth interviews, institutional documents, and observations, and were analyzed thematically following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach with NVivo 14. Credibility rested on triangulation, member checking, and collaborative coding within a multinational research team. The analysis identified four interlocking barrier categories spanning structural, interpretive, social-familial, and individual dimensions, together with four corresponding enabler categories. Cross-country asymmetries were pronounced. Structural barriers dominated in Pakistan, interpretive barriers in Indonesia, while Malaysia’s 30% representation policy generated comparatively stronger institutional support. Religion worked paradoxically, serving as a personal source of empowerment for most participants while constraining others through patriarchal interpretations rather than through faith itself. The sample of twelve leaders supports analytical rather than statistical generalization and does not capture intra-national variation across pesantren, madrasa, and secular Islamic universities. The study advances the Dual Process Model of Religion and the Islamic Women’s Leadership Empowerment Framework, offering policy-relevant insights for institutional reform across Muslim educational contexts.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis polemik alokasi dana program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) dalam APBN 2026 serta menilai konstitusionalitasnya terhadap ketentuan anggaran pendidikan minimal 20% sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif yuridis yang didukung studi dokumentasi dan analisis kebijakan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara formal alokasi anggaran pendidikan tetap memenuhi batas 20%. Namun, secara substantif terdapat indikasi pergeseran fungsi anggaran akibat pembiayaan program MBG yang berpotensi menekan prioritas belanja pendidikan (crowding out). Analisis dokumen memperlihatkan bahwa porsi anggaran MBG cukup signifikan dalam struktur belanja negara, sehingga memunculkan perdebatan mengenai kesesuaian kebijakan dengan tujuan konstitusional pendidikan.

BackgroundSleep is a crucial physiological process that significantly influences recovery among hospitalized postoperative surgical patients, including those treated in intensive care units and general surgical wards. Reliable and valid instruments for assessing sleep quality are essential for guiding clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes. However, the psychometric properties of commonly used sleep assessment tools remain inconsistent, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to conduct a COSMIN-based systematic review to examine the measurement properties of sleep quality assessment instruments used in hospitalized postoperative surgical patients.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO for studies published between 2010 and 2024. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist, and a narrative synthesis was performed to summarize the psychometric evidence for each instrument.ResultsOf the 210 studies initially identified, 37 met the eligibility criteria. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) demonstrated adequate reliability and construct validity but showed limitations related to measurement error and responsiveness. The Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) exhibited strong reliability and construct validity, though variability was observed in interrater agreement between nurses and patients. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was reliable for assessing daytime sleepiness but provided limited evidence for structural validity in postoperative contexts. The Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ), Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale (VSH), and Insomnia Clinical Evaluation (ICE) showed mixed psychometric properties, indicating the need for further validation in hospitalized postoperative populations.ConclusionThe PSQI and RCSQ remain the most frequently utilized sleep assessment instruments; however, their psychometric limitations warrant cautious interpretation. This review underscores the need for further research to refine, validate, and potentially develop more robust sleep assessment tools tailored to hospitalized postoperative surgical patients.