我国茶园普遍存在土壤有机碳含量低等问题,这对茶叶产量品质造成极大影响.施加秸秆可提高茶园土壤有机碳含量.土壤有机碳稳定性机制包括有机碳内在难降解性、黏土矿物的化学保护和土壤团聚体的物理保护作用以及生物作用等.土壤有机碳稳定性的影响因素主要有有机碳自身的分子结构性质、土壤生物环境和非生物环境等.施加秸秆提高茶园土壤有机碳主要途径有秸秆自身作为碳源、促进茶树生长、增加土壤微生物生物量以及改良土壤结构和改善土壤化学性质等.最后展望了未来研究所面临的任务.
利用一元回归分析和偏回归分析,探讨了滇西北地区温、热带植物的分布格局及其控制因素.结果表明,温带植物多样性的高值主要出现在研究区域北部,而热带植物多样性则未呈现明显的纬度趋势.热带植物比重高值主要出现在研究区域南部,而温带植物比重高值主要出现在北部.生境异质性对温带植物多样性的解释率明显高于对热带植物多样性的解释率.这意味着,生境异质性对多样性格局的影响力可能在一定程度上取决于植物的生物地理分布区性质.气候因子对温、热带植物比重的解释率明显高于对温、热植物多样性的解释率.相比气候因子与温、热带植物多样性的关系,气候因子与温、热带植物比重之间关系可能更能反映滇西北地区温、热带植物的生态位保守性.
运用水浸提法提取入侵植物大狼把草茎叶化感物质,通过对比试验研究了不同浓度的大狼把草茎叶水浸液对大麦和小麦种子萌发以及幼苗生长发育的影响.结果表明,大狼把草浸提液对大麦种子的萌发有显著抑制作用,对小麦种子萌发抑制作用不明显.除50 g/L浸提液外,其余处理对大麦和小麦苗高和根长均有显著的抑制作用.浸提液对2种作物根的分化均有一定抑制性,其中,对小麦根的分化抑制作用较大.大狼把草浸提液对小麦及大麦化感作用的综合效应为抑制作用,对大麦的抑制力大于小麦.
以规模相似的湖南益阳花乡农家乐(HX)和土生源休闲旅游农庄(TSY)旅游资源开发区为研究对象,研究了其在开发和营业过程中对生态环境的响应.结果显示:研究区土壤均偏酸性,氮磷含量偏高;水体呈现轻度污染,偏酸性,氮磷含量偏高,其综合污染指数与来往人数有相关性;不同月份大气环境有所变化,二氧化硫和总悬浮颗粒(TSP)在春季和冬季含量最高,夏季较高,秋季较低,季度平均降雨pH值也在春冬季达到最小,夏季最高,秋季较小.初步推断旅游资源开发过程中,人类活动对周边生态环境产生了极大影响.
通过比较距离游径0、5、10、20 m处样方内土壤质量和植物群落特征变化情况,研究了旅游干扰对喳岈山景区生态环境的影响.结果表明:旅游干扰显著提高了游径10 m内的土壤pH值和游径边缘的土壤容重,显著地降低了游径5 m内的有机质水平,并总体上降低了游径周边10 m内土壤全氮含量.旅游干扰显著降低了游径附近5 m内的灌丛盖度,并且减少了游径边缘的乔木幼苗数量.旅游干扰降低了草本植物高度,这种影响主要集中在游径边缘5 m以内.而对草本植物多样性的变化在不同土壤带上表现不一,在较高海拔区域旅游干扰显著增加了游径边缘的草本多样性.但在低海拔区域,旅游干扰给草本植物多样性带来的影响较小.
为提高麦秆资源化利用的经济价值,以麦秆在280℃超临界乙醇解液化产物(生物油)为原料,首先利用苯萃取,所得苯可溶物依次进行乙醚萃取、酸碱中和-乙醚萃取将生物油进行分离,萃余物利用硅胶柱层析进行富集分离,以获取高附加值化学品.结果表明,利用乙醚萃取、酸碱中和-乙醚萃取能够有效地分离提取生物油中的羟基酮和酚;而萃余物的成分较为复杂,经进一步的柱层析分离,能够有效富集分离C8～C30的饱和脂肪烃、萘及烃基萘、烷基环戊烯酮等族组分,此外,经柱层析富集,检测到多种含氮化合物,为进一步明确生物油组成及其提质应用提供参考信息.
以小白菜(Brassica cam pestris ssp.chinensis.Makino)为材料,利用LED光精量调制光源,设镝灯(CK)、单色黄光(Y)LED、单色绿光(G)LED、单色蓝光(B) LED、单色红光(R)LED等5个不同光处理,研究了不同光质对小白菜生长、光合作用以及叶片发育的影响.结果表明:蓝光处理下叶片发育较好,叶片栅栏组织和海绵组织的厚度增加;气孔发育呈椭圆形,开口较大,单位面积气孔频度较高;蓝光处理下小白菜净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间二氧化碳浓度较高.
采用微波法提取香菜中的多酚类物质,利用酒石酸亚铁对多酚的显色反应表征提取物中多酚的含量,在单因素实验的基础上进行正交优化实验.结果表明,从香菜中提取多酚的最佳提取条件为:微波提取时间为40s,微波功率为60 W,乙醇体积分数为70%,料液比（质量比,下同）为1∶40,香菜中多酚提取量为14.96mg/g,抑菌实验表明香菜中多酚对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌均有一定的抑制作用.
Aiming at controlling the insect pests in greenhouse vegetable planting, the greenhouse Internet of thing based on STM32F401 Controller is designed. In the system, a high performance ARM embedded system STM32F401 was used as control core, the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and RHD40 humidity sensor and other sensors, such as light, CO2, NPK sensors for acquisition the greenhouse temperature and humidity data and other related parameters, respectively. And through EMW3080 Wi-Fi module to transmit data to the PC, the PC will manage data saved in the database, and do the data analysis, as a further study of greenhouse vegetables growth environment parameter based on the data base. STM32F401 controls the relevant equipment to adjust the temperature and humidity to the set value and maintains several hours for pest control purposes. The experiments showed that when the temperature is 40 ℃, humidity 85％～ 90％, and keep the condition of 4 h, the aphid on beans, cucumber in greenhouse was effectively killed instead of pesticides, so an organic ecological greenhouse cultivation was realized, and pesticides pollution was avoided.
The experiment was conducted to investigated the effect of storage temperature on seed germina-tion rate and germination time of 9 grassland plants.This study selected seed of 9 species in an Inner-Mongolian semiarid steppe as materials,and was conducted with culture vessel-paper method in the experimental lab.Pa-rameters including seed germination rate,germination onset time,germination peak time,and germination du-ration for seed of each species which was stored under ultralow,low,and room temperature were investigated, respectively.The result indicated ermination rate of the seed stored under ultralow and low temperature was 16.7％ and 15.2％ lower than it sored under room temperature.Comparing with the seed stored under ultralow and low temperature,the seed stored under room temperature has earlier germination onset and peak time,and shorter germination duration.The study has proved that storage temperature can affect seed germination,and implicated that room temperature storage is the best storage method for the seed of the semiarid steppe.
研究了一类带有脉冲状态反馈控制的植物根底害虫治理模型;利用微分方程的定性理论、几何理论和后继函数,证明了无脉冲系统正平衡点的全局渐近稳定性、脉冲状态反馈控制系统阶1周期解的存在性与稳定性.结果表明,在一定控制强度下,脉冲状态反馈控制可以把害虫数量控制在经济危害值以下.
Volatile compounds of Herb of Style Pachysandra were extracted by solid phase micro extraction (SPME)and were analyzed and identified though gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).The phar-macological effects and the photochemical reaction of volatile compounds were investigated.104 plant volatile constituents of Herb of Style Pachysandra were identified through computer retrieval.There were 40 kinds of plant volatile components in root of Herb of Style Pachysandra ,50 kinds of plant volatile components in stem of Herb of Style Pachysandra and 60 kinds of plant volatile components in leaf of Herb of Style.Plant volatile components of root,stem and leaf of Herb of Style Pachysandra had 42.91%、71.11% and 92.22% ,respec-tively.Root,stem and leaf of Herb of Style Pachysandra had 13 kinds of same volatile components.The main ingredients were Methyl salicylate (17.04),(S)- 4-methyl -3-Ethyl-1-Pentanol (7.29%),alpha.-Ionone (3. 72%),14-Methyl-Pentadecanoic acid methyl ester(2.90%),alpha-Farnesene (2.39%)and so on.
Filed investigation and labratory analysis was used to research the effects of calcium carbonate and clay particle on accumulation capacity of heavy metals in contaminated soils.The results showed that the accu-mulation capacity of heavy metals in contaminated soils is increased with the increase of calcium carbonate con-tent,that is calcium carbonate is one of the main effect of accumulation capacity of heavy metals in contaminated soils.Pseudo two order kinetic equation is the best one to fit the adsorption kinetics process and we will know that the average adsorption capacity of heavy metals is lime soil >yellow soil and the average adsorption rate is yellow soil>lime soil.
The drought disasters in the Huaihe River basin since 1200 were exacted from Chinese historical documents.Using these records,the frequency of drought was analyzed by using the statistical methods.The spatial pattern of drought disasters was then reconstructed and analyzed.The main results showed that:(1)The areas prone to drought disasters had switched from the eastern and southern Huaihe River basin during 1200-1948 to the central and northern regions over 1949-2014.(2)The drought grade was relatively higher during 1200-1948 except for the lower reaches of Huaihe River.However,over the period of 1949 -2014,the total drought grade was relatively lower for Huaihe River Basin.
In order to get an accurate estimate of the landslide displacement nonlinear changing trends under the small-data situation, a model based on the pGM (1,1) and generalized regression neural network was proposed. The new model integrates the advantages of the generalized regression neural network learning speed, high prediction accu-racy and the pGM (1,1) model of reducing of the data randomness and enhancing the regularity. Comparing two engi-neering examples using the new model with the results of the previous studies, it was shown that the new method was feasible and effective.
Using the methods of RS image interpretation and field trips in Huangchuan and Guangshan county,the planting area and spatial distribution of the flowers and trees was obtained.The spatial pattern of land use was then qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by using landscape analysis index.The results showed that:the land use spatial pattern of flower and plant was relatively centralized;The land use rates indicated great regional difference in different areas.;the land use rates in some areas was low;The land structure of the study area was complex,which highly restricted the development of flower and plant industry.Finally,the arti-cle puts forward some measures to improve the practical situation of research area,such as:traffic condition, industrial mode,exchange of information and other aspects in order to further promote the sustainable develop-ment of flower and plant industry.
BiPO4‐polypyrrole heterojunction material was successfully prepared by using hydrothermal method and the free radical polymerization processes .Its photocatalytic capacity was studied by using ultraviolet and visible light degradation of methyl blue as a model dye .Scanning electron microscope (SEM ) ,Infrared spectra (IR) ,Ultraviolet visible (UV‐Vis) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) ,and other characterizations were em‐ployed here to analyze the micro‐structure and chemical properties of as‐prepared materials .BiPO4‐polypyrrole nano‐composites with different content of polypyrrole were used in our photocatalytic degradation experiment under UV or visible light irradiation for 3 h or 6 h ,and the highest removal ratio of methyl blue in aqueous solu‐tion was 78 2.% and 79 3.% ,respectively .
Based on the index of per capita tourism income ,the 21 regions in Guangdong province were taken as research objects to analyse the spatial‐temporal evolution of the tourism development from 2000 years to 2012 years and 2017 years in Guangdong Province by the methods of grey prediction ,spatial autocorrelation and spa‐tial regression .The results showed that the characteristic of global spatial autocorrelation of the tourism develop‐ment level of different regions in Guangdong was obvious ,and this trend became stronger and stronger .It shows that the region difference of tourism development in Guangdong was small and the spatial pattern of region tourism development was stable .The change of spatial difference was small and the local spatial autocorrelation of the tourism development level of different regions was not obvious .The different gather centers have been formed (HH gather centre ,LH gather centre and LL gather centre)and the spatial difference of tourism devel‐opment was influenced mainly by economic development and location condition .
Polyphenols was extracted from pineapple peels by ethanol reflux method.The antioxidant level was determined by the color reaction of ferrous tartrate with the polyphenol extract.The best extraction condi-tions were obtained by orthogonal experiments.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were obtained with ethanol concentration of 70%,extraction temperature of 50 ℃,the ratio of material to liquid of 1∶8 (g ∶ mL)and extraction time of 45 min.The amount of Polyphenols extracted from Pineapple Peel was 12.65 mg/g.
