作为一场旷日持久的"灾难马拉松",新冠肺炎疫情几乎触及到社会的每一个角落,众多个体的亲身经验在社交媒体上汇聚成多声部的疫情叙事,蕴含着巨大的公共记忆潜能.从数字记忆和见证书写的研究视角出发,本文借助"连接性见证"的概念,通过对豆瓣话题"#和新冠肺炎疫情有关的记忆"的分析,揭示个体如何见证、书写疫情,个体经验如何相互勾连,生成公共记忆.研究发现,身处疫情中心和世界各地的个体在豆瓣平台上展开多模态的记忆实践,接力完成了一场马拉松式的瘟疫书写.经由个体和社区层面的连接机制,这些书写转化为平台化的公共记忆.数字"瘟疫年纪事"构造出一份兼具韧性和脆弱性的新冠档案,也激发出以个体为单位、以连接为机制的弥漫性的数字记忆伦理.
元宇宙、人工智能等众多新技术与应用的加速发展,不仅让人、技术与社会之间的诸多问题与矛盾凸显出来,也对当下社会的信息传播结构产生了颠覆性的影响.2022年的新媒体研究,针对上述种种问题,在社会实践、技术哲学和伦理等不同层面展开了深入的思考与探索.本文通过对2022年新闻传播学核心期刊上新媒体相关研究论文的主题聚合,提炼出五大议题:元宇宙研究、具身传播研究、虚拟数字人与社交机器人研究、人机传播研究、健康码与数据研究,并分门别类加以简要述评,以期通过这种有限的梳理与整合,为相关研究者提供一定的借鉴和参考.
本文试图综合不同的知识研究方法,依次探讨中国的视觉传播研究"如何发生、经历了怎样的发展和有哪些发现?":首先,在知识社会学视角下,追溯国内视觉传播研究的起源问题,分析其产生于新闻摄影与艺术设计等应用领域的深层原因,及其从策论研究到理论建构的早期历程;其次,基于文献计量学路径,梳理国内视觉传播研究的发展脉络,特别是其核心问题域在媒介形态演进中的变与不变,以及新闻传播学、艺术学、文化学等不同学科所生产相关知识之间的逻辑关系;继而,借助知识谱系学思路,从本体和方法两个维度勾勒国内视觉传播研究的理论建树;最终,基于上述探讨总结现有研究的得失,及其对未来研究的学理启示.
极化是群体互动研究中的关键问题.为探究舆论极化机制,本文以新冠疫情中的典型舆论事件为例,整合多种计算方法,从意识形态立场、情感、注意力等路径剖析极化现象,并考察公众信息选择机制及其影响因素.研究发现,舆论议题不断变换,但公众对同质化、热门内容存在选择偏好,短期内公众注意力被单一议题所支配.议题演化的背后是自由权利、民粹与国家利益三种立场的交锋.信息的热度和立场会对选择性接触机制产生不同影响,国家立场会强化该机制,呈现出社会整合作用,而自由与民粹立场则削弱该机制,并抢占话语空间、巩固已有观念.最后,选择性接触强度可以预测短期公众注意力变化,这对理解中观信息传播如何影响宏观舆论演化具有重要意义.
本文从2022年近30种中文学术期刊（包括港台地区）遴选出在研究问题、观点视角以及论证方式等方面较为创新的传播学论文，并从元宇宙、疫情与健康传播、传播思想史、媒介理论、媒介物质性、算法、平台劳动、媒介与空间、媒介文化、媒介记忆、手机/社交媒体的使用与交往等十一个话题勾勒过去一年中国传播学的知识版图。研究发现，2022年中国传播学研究的主要特点呈现在以下三个方面：首先，传播学研究注重与来自跨学科的经典理论对话，并对“何为媒介”等基本问题持续反思；其次，研究者兼顾新现象与日常性议题，注重新旧问题、理论之间的对话；最后，传播学者将研究视野放置于更多元的行动者、更丰富的研究场景之上，使得学界对空间、物等研究对象的认识愈发深入和全面。
本文从2022年近30种中文学术期刊（包括港台地区）遴选出在研究问题、观点视角以及论证方式等方面较为创新的新闻学论文，并从新闻研究元问题、新冠疫情下的新闻报道的媒介建构、新闻从业者研究、数字新闻生产的平台逻辑、新闻接受者研究、嬗变的新闻真实性、中国新闻业转型研究、新闻职业伦理的多维视角、中国新闻场域中的地方实践以及中国新闻史研究等十个话题勾勒过去一年中国新闻学的知识版图。研究发现，2022年中国新闻学研究的主要特点呈现在以下三个方面：一是，新闻理论研究注重对学科范式与经典新闻观念的持续反思；二是，研究者们在平台逻辑与新闻业转型的双重语境下聚焦新闻生产的多元行动者，其中新闻从业者研究尤其凸显，体现了数字技术迷思在学术场域中的祛魅；三是，新闻史研究着力凸显以报刊实践为中心的传统研究路径，注重对报刊的社会话语建构、报界边缘群体以及报刊空间实践等议题的开掘与深耕。
本文旨在对“人类世”中自然与技术之间的新关系展开批判性反思，并将这一问题与人类学中最近关于“本体论转向”的辩论结合起来，以求超越被解析为现代性危机的自然/文化二元论。与人类学这一运动相关的“本体论政治”开启了非人类参与的问题。本文将这种人类学尝试与哲学家吉尔伯特·西蒙东的工作进行了比照，因为后者想要克服的恰恰是文化与技术之间的对立。根据西蒙东的观点，这种对立源自18世纪末现代性的技术断裂。本文分析了呈现于上述学者作品中的对立面（如文化与自然、文化与技术）之差异，以表明自然人类学（通过菲利普·德寇拉的工作予以说明）与技术哲学（通过西蒙东的工作予以说明）之间的对话在将自然与技术之间的关系重建概念化方面富有成效。本文试图表明，启动这种对话以及思考如何调和自然与技术的一种方式是发展宇宙技术的概念，并将其作为这两种思维趋势的公分母。
It has been over 30 years since the term “media philosophy” was introduced in Germany in 1992. In recent years, this important intellectual resource has attracted the attention of scholars in China and has greatly broadens the horizons of Communication and Media Research. The aim of this article is to review the discussions around the disciplinary paths of media philosophy in German-speaking countries over the past 30 years and to present the pluralistic and heterogeneous visions that have emerged. On this basis, the paper focuses on media apriori,media phenomenology and media as verbs, critically reviewing the different views of media put forward by media philosophers. The discussion of technology in the field of media philosophy is also taken into account. Future research should remove labels on this discipline, give full play to theoretical self-consciousness, link ancient philosophical and local intellectual resources, and integrate political and economic dimensions into media philosophy.
The production of modern scientific knowledge is accompanied by translation from the west.The translation of scientific images has advantages of popularity and readability beyond written language barrier, thus has become an indispensable way of popular science. As a way of visual production of scientific knowledge of newspapers and periodicals, scientific image translation included three aspects from perspective of materiality and technology: translation between printing media; translation of photography and printing; translation of visual instruments, which formed the technical mode of knowledge production of print media. The translation of scientific images was also influenced by the way of organization and discourse network. The knowledge introduction of overseas intellectuals by way of founding periodicals had formed an organized knowledge production mode of peer cooperation; the reality of scientific pragmatism had formed the pragmatism mode of scientific knowledge production. Scientific images visually produced world views related to scientific instruments with the mediation of technology. It can be seen from the reports of microscope that the scientific images adopted various visual schemas to illustrate instruments, which formed self-sufficient knowledge production mechanism. Furthermore,scientific images of microscope put more emphasis on decorative patterns which are responding to scientific pragmatism, realized the localized production of knowledge. Scientific images of microscope produced micro-world by optical consistency, and shaped knowledge mediated by visual objects. That is to say, scientific images are not signifiers in the sense of hermeneutics, but “cultural techniques” between technology and art, symbol and reality, culture and nature, which is conducive to new understanding of the relationship between media and popular science, images and newspaper.
In the context of the rapid growth of the application scale of virtual reality technology, it is of great significance to explore the dynamic interactive mechanism between user-embodied experience and knowledge cognition in the context of 360-degree knowledge short video to effectively improve its communication effect. Based on embodied cognition theory, this study constructs a coding framework from two dimensions of embodied experience and video content cognition of users. On this basis, cognitive network analysis is used to encode the data and construct the user cognitive network. The correlation between different cognitive elements is analyzed by taking the bullet-chatting released by users of 360-degree knowledge short videos on Bilibili website as the data source. The dynamic evolution of user cognitive network is explored. It is found that users’ cognitive experience is related to cognition of video content. There is a highest relationship between the participation, presence in cognitive experience and focus on the plot, and outcome in content cognization. Users’ cognitive network differs at different times. In the learning process, users significantly enhance the focus on deep content cognitive elements and the invocation of embodied experience. The depth and complexity of cognitive nodes association gradually increase, reflecting the continuous improvement of user cognitive construction in the process of 360-degree video viewing.
Traditional media effect studies mostly focus on usage behaviors and their social/psychological consequences. Yet, the conceptualization of media use contrasts with the concept of everyday connections with media infrastructures in specific local spaces. The development of digital media is reverting the relation between environment and media. Drawing upon communication infrastructure theory, this study conducts a door to door survey to examine how connections with WeChat local government account networks and the condition of local space jointly shape residents’ relations with local community. Findings demonstrate that the extent to which local space supports neighborly interactions accounts for the positive correlations between everyday connections with WeChat government public account networks and inhabitant’s place identity. By highlighting the perspective of space and connections, this inquiry attempts to shed light on the paradigm shifts in media effect research and on the mechanism for local story-telling networks to integrate within Chinese urban communities.
In the late 1990s, human beings gradually changed from international communication to global communication. International communication towards population differentiation, while global communication trends to rebuild community. According to historical materialism and dialectical materialism, this paper examines the path of global communication of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. This paper analysis the related report and article of mainstream media of 18 countries and regions with the methods of quantitative analysis and discourse analysis. This paper holds that there are both disregard and misreading, but also concern and affirmation in international public opinion. In the future, the Chinese media should strengthen the refinement of one country and one policy; explore the daily life of this idea; internationalize narrative discourse; flex the communication style; play polyphonic by multiple subjects in response to the concerns and doubts of international public opinion, and the promotion of global public understanding and recognition of this China’s plan.
The troughs of “online sacrifice” highlight the lasting influence of traditional Chinese family sacrifice concept behind the core issue of “whose tomb are we visiting online”.In both ideological and practical aspects, sacrificial behavior is traditionally regarded as a process with communication as its basic purpose, while family sacrificial behavior is the interaction between the living and the deceased ancestors or other relatives. Through the macro analysis of the typical traditional sacrificial pattern, it is found that the key to the construction of imagination of interaction lies in the representation and presence of the deceased:“Sacrificing to the dead as if they were present” by Confucius. The specific way is mainly reflected in the use of the symbols of the deceased, such as “god personator（Shi）”, “soul tablet（Zhu）”, tomb, and “portrait（Ying）”. However, the unique qualification of a specific symbol to represent a particular deceased person comes from the matching ceremony of “dotting the tablet（Dian Zhu）” and “guiding the soul（Yin Hun）”embedded in the funeral ceremony. By examining the traditional Chinese family sacrifice from the perspective of interpersonal communication, para-social interaction and imagined interaction are linked together into a more universal phenomenon of communication: pseudosocial interaction.
John Urry, an internationally renowned sociologist and Professor of Lancaster University in UK, has concentrated on the research of mobility theory, trying to transcend the dichotomy between transport research and social research and explore the redistribution of resources and information and social differences generated through mobility, which involves the relationship between mobile and immobile, the articulation of virtual and material space, and the materiality of mobility, etc., and finds out the relations of mobility theory with factors such as region, gender,class and race, etc.. Through a close reading and interpretation of “new mobility paradigm”and a semi-structured interview with Professor David Morley, this paper attempts to explore the implicit relationship between new mobility paradigm and the materiality in communication studies in intricate theory pedigree. one the one hand, the paradigm functions as the theory basis of communication research to return to the material dimension, which not only transcends media centralism, but also corrects the narrow concept of communication. On the other hand, mobility theory and daily mobility practice are re-examined from the perspective of interdisciplinary research of transportation, sociology and communication, etc., which makes it possible to connect communication studies with social reality on more issues and expand the new aspect of it. In addition, the influence of Urry’s mobility theory on communication also relies on communication scholars such as David Morley, Jeremy Packer, and Paul Adams who play an important role as theory connectors and converters.
With short-video platforms rapidly developing, middle-aged and elderly people, the socalled “digital immigrants”, are increasingly engaging in short-video apps. The low media literacy among this group has aroused great concerns. This study interviewed 19 middle-aged and elderly people by asking them to identify the fake information on several short videos. Through in-depth interviews, we obtained the participants’ analyzing logic and their identifying approaches. Applying the Grounded Theory, we constructed a model explaining their approaches of identifying information on short videos, including systematic route, peripheral route and social route. This paper also portrays three different types of profiles of the middle-aged and elderly people in the field of information identification of short videos: emotionally dominant ones, experience-dependent ones and integrative analysts. In the end, this study attempts to offer specific strategies to guide middle-aged and elderly people to avoid information pitfalls and also mentions the governance responsibility of content production.
Although the visually impaired benefit from digital media as a vulnerable group, they also face multiple and complex inequalities. This paper focuses on the relationship between digital media accessibility, perceived media discrimination and attitudes towards digital media use among visually impaired people in the process of digital media use and integration, as well as constructs a theoretical model among the three based on the SOR theory. The research found that the accessibility of digital media for visually impaired people was relatively high, but the service accessibility and technology accessibility still needed to be improved. Media accessibility positively promoted the digital media use attitudes of the visually impaired, and self-esteem and subjective social support played a mediating role. This paper holds that technology can’t play its role in isolation. Media, individuals and society are inseparable. Therefore, the real "accessibility" is based on the active selection of the visually impaired, the rapid response of the market and the creation of opportunities by the state. Research on media use of the visually impaired should also weaken its biological nature and highlight its sociality, so as to better "present" rather than "represent" this group.
“Democratic deliberation” in the West emphasizes freedom and democratic discussions, and also emphasizes the equality and rationality of participants. However, the solution to the problem is often put on hold because of inconsistent negotiation. The deliberation model is adopted in China, which is designed to improve governance, strengthen authority and increase legitimacy is regarded as “authoritarian deliberation”, which is in opposition to western democracy, The article proposes the concept of “responsive deliberation” and uses Wuhan urban message board as a research case to get rid of the ideological duality between democratic deliberation and authoritarian deliberation. This article verifies the consistency and heterogeneity of the operation of Responsive deliberation in the local network public space. The study shows that citizens tend to use individual and group appeals as the main content of their messages, while platforms and the government prefer to receive messages of common public interest; urban message boards are checked and reviewed, allowing only one discussion for each issue, and direct participation by functional departments in replying to establish the authority of the platform; the assessment mechanism for functional departments can stimulate their enthusiasm for handling and feedback.
From the perspective of “Intermediate Area” of psychoanalytic theory, this paper adopted the in-depth interview method and non-participatory observation, and discussed the significance and internal logic of social media in life experience through rare disease patients. The study found that social media is an “Intermediate Area” between internal feelings and external reality, which encourages patients to fully accept their own experience in order to complete self-determination and development. In addition, the experience of “Intermediate Area” is realized through “voluntary separation” and “internal and external negotiation” at different levels of individuals, and accompanied by symbolic cultural life and the expansion of individual experience by illusion, it reflects and maintains the personal value and dignity of patients.
Network media has not only profoundly changed people’s living ethics and ways of activities, but also reshaped the mode of citizens’ political participation. Online political participation has gradually become an important way of political participation. This paper aims to construct an analytical framework of “Psychological Tendency-Situational Cognition”, introduce concepts of government trust and political efficacy, and explore the mechanism of the influence of network media use on online political participation. Through the analysis of 2629 questionnaire survey data, we find that the level of government trust mediates the relationship between the use of network media and online political participation. The use of network media has a negative impact on the public’s government trust, which in turn has a negative impact on online political participation. That is, the more frequently network media is used, the lower level of the government trust is, and the lower level of trust significantly improves the public’s online political participation. Meanwhile, political efficacy regulates the relationship between government trust and online political participation. The stronger the public’s political efficacy, the smaller the negative effect of government trust on online political participation.
By means of historical analysis and physical analysis, this study investigates how instant camera was back from the dead in the digital age, in which its function is completely replaced, and reshape itself as “new media”. In the era of traditional film, Polaroid had the advantage of seizing the market due to its space-time compression in continuity, while the ruptures that included de-informatization, non-replicability, non-modifiability got in the way. However, when the continuities were replaced, the advantages collapsed. On the one hand, instant camera against digital technology, with seemingly regressive but irreplaceable ruptures, as “retro media” resurged from the death; on the other hand, instant camera has regained the "new life" in the true sense by connecting different actors and actants, bridging the break between analog/digital, new/old. The death and life of instant camera thus reflects the failure of technology continuum and media dualism, and opens up a new way of understanding the relationship between media.
