This paper constructs a method to consider the contribution of the real estate industry to the national economy from the perspective of final demand, i.e., the housing economy measured as the sum of residential investment and residential consumption, and conducts an international comparative analysis with the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. The study shows that there are many similarities and references between developed countries and China in terms of the contribution of the real estate industry to the national economy, including the growth rate of residential investment and its share in GDP, the share of residential consumption in household consumption expenditure, which first increases and then stabilizes, and the impact of the housing consumption side on the national economy exceeds that of the investment side. From 2013 to 2021, China’s housing economy, measured by residential investment and residential consumption, accounted for an average of 17.5% of GDP, which was not significantly higher than that of developed countries such as the U.S. and Japan, among which, residential investment in GDP was generally declining, while residential consumption in GDP increased slightly, and the amount of residential consumption exceeded that of residential investment for the first time in 2018. At present and for some time in the future, China is in a development stage where housing investment is driven down, and residential housing consumption is driven up. In the new development stage, the real estate industry should devote itself to highlighting its end-use function and residential attributes by building a new development model to form a positive interaction with the national economy.
The current international political and economic situation is complex, and China is facing greater inflation pressure. Figuring out whether inflation persistence is long or short memory is related to the governance of inflation. In this paper, we use SETAR model and ARFIMA model to measure the inflation persistence of different indicators and different local periods respectively. The fixed-base ratio CPI is dispersive, the month-on-month CPI has short memory, and the year-on-year CPI indicator is characterized by local dispersion and local long memory. Overall periods of high inflation have been more persistent than periods of low inflation. The price range measured by the CPI indicator, the relationship between the indicator before and after, and the characteristics of the Chinese economy around 1999 all affect the persistence of inflation. The persistence of inflation measured by the month-on-month CPI is more representative.
The social sector living service industries include health, elderly care, childcare, culture, sports, tourism, housekeeping and other fields. Based on the public goods theory, high quality public services can be defined as quasi-private goods. In this way, the development of high quality social sector living service industries is essentially a matter of changing from public goods to club goods or even private goods. From the perspective of governance, the issue of diversification of social sector living service industries is essentially a matter of shifting from a hierarchical system to a market system and a self-organized system. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes a comprehensive framework for the governance of social service supply, matching three different types of services, including basic public services, inclusive public services, and high quality public services, with corresponding dominant supply mechanisms, and proposing specific diversified supply strategies in terms of both subjects and modes. Finally, the paper proposes countermeasures to promote the transformation of high-quality living services into quasi-private products and to build a diversified supply pattern of social sector living service industries from the policy level.
In the process of green and high-quality development of agriculture in China, the problem of rural population aging cannot be ignored. In order to further study the impact of population aging on agricultural green total factor productivity, based on the provincial panel data of China from 2000 to 2020, this paper first uses the super-efficiency EBM model to measure the agricultural green total factor productivity of each province, then uses the fixed effect model to study the impact of population aging on agricultural green total factor productivity, and finally uses the intermediary effect model to study the intermediary effect of agricultural land transfer in the impact of population aging on agricultural green total factor productivity. The results show that: from the sample period, the average annual growth rate of China’s agricultural green total factor productivity is more than 5%, of which the eastern region is significantly higher than the central and western regions; from the perspective of impact effect, population aging can significantly improve agricultural green total factor productivity, and there are obvious regional differences. The effect of the western region and the main grain producing areas is more significant; from the perspective of intermediary effect, population aging significantly promotes farmland transfer, and the intermediary effect of farmland transfer is 44.9%. Based on these analysis, policy suggestions are put forward from the aspects of encouraging the adoption of agricultural green technology, improving the guarantee levels of withdrawal from agricultural operation, and strengthening the new agricultural management entities, so as to provide reference for people to scientifically understand the aging of rural population in the new era and improve the green total factor productivity of agriculture.
This paper constructs a system of traditional inclusive finance indicators, and selects 12 indicators for comprehensive evaluation in four dimensions: accessibility, utilization, penetration and sustainability of financial services, and uses a combination of entropy and coefficient of variation methods to calculate the traditional inclusive finance development index of each province in China; based on data from the China Household Finance Survey（CHFS）, the Digital Finance Research Center of Peking University and the traditional inclusive finance index constructed in this paper, we empirically test the impact of traditional inclusive finance and digital inclusive finance on the effectiveness of household asset allocation and conduct a comparative analysis by constructing a fixed-effects panel analysis model. This study concludes that digital inclusive finance has a greater impact on the effectiveness of household financial asset allocation than traditional inclusive finance; however, at the regional level, traditional inclusive finance has a greater impact on promoting the effectiveness of financial asset allocation of households in cities above the third tier than digital inclusive finance; while the effect of digital inclusive finance on households in cities in the third tier and below is more significant than that of traditional inclusive finance. The findings of the study help improve the precision and effectiveness of China’s inclusive finance-related policies, thus more effectively enhancing the preservation and appreciation of Chinese households’ assets and helping to deepen the overall reform and common prosperity.
Scientific and technological talents are the important driving force for regional innovation development and building an innovative country. Based on the perspective of classification evaluation, scientific and technological talents are divided into basic research, applied research and innovation and entrepreneurship scientific and technological talents, and the analysis framework of the differences between scientific and technological talents and regional innovation is constructed from three dimensions: innovation subject, innovation organization and innovation environment.（1） The focus of the three categories of scientific and technological talents driving regional innovation is different, with basic research scientific and technological talents mainly based on innovation organization and innovation environment, applied research scientific and technological talents based on the basic quality of innovation individuals, innovation organization and innovation environment, and innovation and entrepreneurship scientific and technological talents focusing on the influence of innovation individuals and innovation environment.（2） There are nine grouping paths between the three types of scientific and technological talents and regional innovation development. Basic research scientific and technological talents are organization-driven, environment-driven, and organization-environment co-driven, applied research scientific and technological talents are organization-driven, environment-driven, individual-organization co-driven, and individual-organization-environment balanced development, innovation and entrepreneurship talents are individual-driven and environment-driven.（3） The three types of scientific and technological talents have both generic and specialized driving paths of environment-driven; the ‘hard condition’ support of innovation environment is especially important in the alternative relationship of different grouping paths. Finally, based on the combination of three types of scientific and technological talents’ individual, organization and environment, this paper proposes policy suggestions for driving the high-level development of regional innovation.
