日钢7号高炉因高硫煤的成分及热值异常出现炉况波动,且频繁出现管道气流,导致被迫减风.在炉况恢复过程中,通过控制炉温避免了炉凉;在风压风量恢复后,由于存在管道气流,仍然波动较大;之后,通过调整上部装料制度,彻底消除了管道气流.管道气流治理的主要经验是:①小风量喷吹煤粉,防止炉凉;②提焦比锰矿洗炉,恢复风量;③上下部制度调整精准配合,消除管道气流.炉况波动处理后的第3天,高炉燃料比下降至510kg/t,第6天利用系数恢复至3.4t/(m3·d).
沙钢3号高炉炉役后期炉缸温度升高,开始使用钒钛矿护炉,随着炉役的延长钛负荷逐步提升.为满足炼钢对铁水[Ti]含量的要求,改进护炉措施,停用钒钛矿,采用石墨碳护炉取得了同等护炉效果.但炉缸石墨碳堆积副作用明显,高炉炉况稳定性变差,出现日产量下滑、燃料比上升等问题.通过采取上下部调剂消除炉缸石墨碳堆积、提高镁铝比改善渣系、治理炉体窜煤气、减少粉矿入炉等措施,高炉恢复了稳定顺行.2021年11月,日产量提升至6571.24t/d,燃料比降至519.92kg/t.
首钢股份3号高炉中修开炉后,炉缸侧壁局部温度持续上升,TE31349点热电偶温度最高升至439℃.认为炉缸中心不活跃、炉温维持较低水平、风口损坏漏水对炉缸侧壁和炉底砖衬薄弱部位的侵蚀加剧是炉缸侧壁温度升高的主要原因.通过采取加钛矿护炉、调整高炉操作制度、加大冷却强度、优化炉前操作等措施,炉缸侧壁温度普遍下降,TE31349点热电偶温度得以控制,稳定在120℃左右;2020年6-10月,高炉主要技术经济指标明显改善,特别是燃料比由545.68kg/t下降至513.12kg/t.
马钢2号高炉自2018年以来炉缸工作状态持续下降,2019年8月炉芯温度一度下降至300℃以下.炉缸工作状态差的原因主要是铁水钛含量高、装料制度不合理和鼓风动能偏低.通过采取优化铁水成分改善流动性、调整装料制度优化两道气流、积极用风提高鼓风动能等技术措施,高炉两道气流趋于稳定,炉缸工作状态逐步好转.2020年5月炉芯温度明显回升,持续保持在400℃以上.随着炉缸的活跃,炉况明显改善,主要技术经济指标不断提升,10月高炉利用系数达到2.54t/(m3·d)、燃料比522kg/t、焦炭负荷4.40.
长钢8号高炉大修设计时,充分总结了上两代炉役的生产经验,在冷却设备设计、耐材结构设计和冷却系统等方面均进行了设计优化.采用全覆盖冷却壁和砖壁一体化薄壁炉衬结构,优化了冷却壁热面的整体性和耐久性;采用"大块炭砖+大块陶瓷杯复合炉缸炉底"结构,提高陶瓷杯和铁口区砌体的整体性,风口下部区域设置了挡水装置;设计中提高了冷却系统的冷却能力,增强高炉抵抗热冲击的能力.投产后生产效果表明,炉况稳中向好,主要技术经济指标有较大的提升,利用系数由2021年的3.01t/(m3·d)提高到2022年12月的3.55t/(m3·d).
结合某城市钢厂环保搬迁项目,以物质流短捷、高效,能量流节能、环保为宗旨,在过跨车式"一罐到底"铁水运输工艺的基础上,提出了直连式"一罐到底"铁水运输工艺.通过减少转运跨数量、合理排布高炉出铁口、简化铁钢界面连接等措施,将高炉与转炉中心距缩短至210m,铁水运输连续化程度提高至62.70％,过程温降减少约60℃,极大地节约了钢铁企业吨钢占地和一次投资,加快了铁水罐周转速度,同时为提高转炉废钢比创造了有利条件.
马钢2号高炉2020年风口破损较为严重,共有15个风口出现破损,破损形式是上部磨损和下部烧损.为此,主要采取了活跃炉缸、优化炉型和调整鼓风动能等应对措施,通过优化炉型和调整鼓风动能,解决了风口上部磨损问题;通过改善铁水流动性、优化两道气流和使用大风量,改善炉缸状态,解决了风口下部烧损问题.2020年5月以后,随着2号高炉炉缸状态明显改善,风口下部烧损现象再未出现;2021年,上部破损的风口数量大幅减少,仅出现3个.
宝钢2号高炉大修时对炉型进行了矮胖化设计,缩小了第二代炉役的炉腹角,高径比由2.013缩小至1.945.开炉料熟料率90％,对烧结矿和焦炭提出了高于平时的质量要求,总焦比选择3230kg/t,除去铺底焦和枕木后分14段料装入.开炉采用全开风口、插煤枪方案,点火送风后对加风节奏进行了合理控制,确保了软熔带形成过程中的炉况稳定受控.开炉过程多次发生探尺故障,通过对开炉料紧急确认、减风避让,以及调整布料制度,保证了开炉进程安全有序.送风后21h出第一炉铁,53.7h开始喷煤,喷煤后7天煤比超过150kg/t,入炉总焦比降到350kg/t以下,实现了快速达产.
以宝钢某高炉为原型,搭建二维狭槽模型,采用物理模拟的方法,对块矿比例提高后炉料在高炉块状带的运动规律进行了研究.结果表明:块状带炉料的运动可分为静止区、类静止区、汇聚流区及管道流区,管道流区是炉料下降的最主要区域,静止区的存在对炉料下降通道有压缩作用;以炉料下降通道炉墙侧距中心30％线为参考线,用块矿代替部分球团矿后,炉料下降最快位置更靠近高炉边沿,边沿气流受到抑制,导致高炉透气性变差.为此,建议在操作应对策略上,应根据热负荷的变化,及时疏松边沿降低压差,并结合块矿性质控制好软熔带根部位置,同时加强原料筛分管理、强化炉前作业等.
包钢4号高炉由于原燃料质量的波动、外部设备故障率较高,炉况稳定性一般,主要技术经济指标始终未能达到理想状态.稳定的操作炉型、合理的煤气流分布是高炉生产过程中提产降耗的基础条件,近年来,通过采取强化原燃料质量管控、优化上下部调剂、强化日常管理等措施,4号高炉实现了顺行周期的有效延长,提产降耗效果显著,主要技术经济指标达到了历史最好水平.2021年4号高炉平均日产量6486t/d,利用系数较2019年累计提高0.232t/(m3·d),燃料比540kg/t,较2019 年累计降低9.55kg/t.
对柳钢炼铁数字化工厂建设的思路、主要内容和应用效果进行总结.柳钢炼铁数字化工厂建设包括三方面内容:一是,完善检测技术,将生产过程信息转变为准确、稳定、可采集的检测数据;二是,优化控制技术,提高控制系统稳定性,将生产数据信息的时效性和准确性进一步提高;三是,通过信息化技术搭建数字化平台,实现对生产管理全过程数字化管控.经过近10年的实践,有效提高了炼铁厂精细化管理水平,高炉休风率能够控制在1％左右,产量逐年攀升.
采用回旋区经验公式对850～5500m3高炉生产数据进行了计算分析,探讨了回旋区形状的变化规律及对综合指标的影响,确定高炉合理回旋区面积占比的区间.通过数据分析得出,随着高炉容积的增大,回旋区面积占比逐渐减小,1000 m3级高炉回旋区面积占比最大,3000m3级以上高炉回旋区面积占比在同一区间内.不同容积的高炉回旋区面积占比对利用系数、燃料比的影响规律不同,使高炉综合指标最优的合理回旋区面积占比为:1000m3级高炉应大于0.78;2000m3级高炉为0.59～0.61;3000m3级高炉为0.51～0.52.
宁钢2号高炉炉役后期存在炉缸侧壁炉底温度升高、炉身各平台煤气浓度高、重要设备问题较多以及除尘效果较差等问题,高炉主要技术经济指标均有所退步.在2号高炉大修改造时,采用了一系列先进技术,如高效长寿技术、智能化技术、节能减排技术等,推动炼铁过程向数字化、网络化、智能化转型,有助于高炉达到高产、低耗、长寿的效果.2022年1-12月,2号高炉主要技术经济指标持续改善,其中12月的利用系数提升至2.610t/(m3·d),燃料比下降至498.9kg/t,工序能耗降低至360.72kgce/t.
对高炉喷煤系统配加焦化除尘粉工艺设计要点进行了阐述.在总结分析宝钢、太钢焦化除尘粉利用工艺的基础上,提出了焦化除尘粉气力输送进磨煤机新技术,其设计要点一是除尘粉气力输送系统布置方式,二是磨煤机加入点的选取,与宝钢、太钢的工艺相比,该工艺在喷吹煤粉配比精度的控制方面具有明显优势.该工艺在某钢厂高炉应用2年多,喷吹煤粉的配比为50％烟煤+42％无烟煤+8％焦化除尘粉,高炉及喷煤系统没有出现不良反应,煤比保持在高位运行,重力除尘灰检测未发现明显变化.
Objective To explore the changes of serum miR-146a expression level in patients with Parkinson’s disease（PD）,and analyze its correlation with inflammatory factors.Methods A total of 108 PD patients admitted to our hospital from August 2017 to March 2021 were selected as the PD group, and 87 healthy volunteers were included as the control group.The serum miR-146a expression and the levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）,IL-2,IL-6,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein（hs-CRP） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were compared between the two groups.According to the expression of miR-146a, the patients were divided into high expression group and low expression group, and the relationship between its expression and the clinical characteristics of PD was analyzed.ROC was drawn to analyze the AUC of serum miR-146a to assess PD.The correlation between serum miR-146a expression level and inflammatory factors was analyzed by Pearson linear correlation.Results The expression of serum miR-146a in the PD group was lower than control group, and the levels of serum IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,and hs-CRP were higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）.The UPDRS score of the miR-146a low expression group was ≥50 points, H-Y grade 3 to 5,and the proportion of cognitive impairment was higher than the high expression group（P＜0.05）.Serum miR-146a expression assessed PD AUC of 0.795.Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that serum miR-146a expression was negatively correlated with IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,and hs-CRP levels（P＜0.05）.Conclusion The expression level of serum miR-146a in PD patients is down-regulated and is closely related to inflammatory factors, which has a certain value in the diagnosis of PD.
Objective To explore the relationship between the characteristics of polysomnography and cognitive dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Methods A total of 207 patients diagnosed as Parkinson’s disease in the Department of Neurology of our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected.All patients received Parkinson’s Sleep Scale（PDSS） to assess their sleep status, and the included patients were divided into two groups according to their final scores: the sleep disorder free group（n=126） and the sleep disorder group（n=81）.Clinical data of all patients were collected and monitored by polysomnography.The difference of baseline data, EEG data, polysomnography parameters and sleep-related scores between the two groups were compared to observe the cognitive function of the two groups.Scores related to anxiety and depression and scores of various dimensions of MoCA.Results Results The age and course of disease in sleep disorder group increased significantly than those in no sleep disorder group（all P＜0.05）.The amplitude, frequency, index and generalization ratio of EEG parameters in 2 groups were all P＜0.05.The sleep efficiency of patients without sleep disorder group was significantly higher than that of sleep disorder group, the proportion of NREM2 sleep in patients without sleep disorder group decreased significantly than that of sleep disorder group, and the proportion of NREM3 sleep in patients without sleep disorder group increased significantly than that of sleep disorder group（all P＜0.05）.The proportion of rapid eye movement sleep in barrier-free sleep group increased significantly than that in sleep disorder group（P＜0.05）.The comparison of UPDRS score, H-Y stage and PDSS scores in 2 groups were all P＜0.05.The cognitive function scores including MMSE and MoCA scale scores in the sleep disorder group decreased significantly than those in the non-sleep disorder group, and the anxiety and depression scores in the sleep disorder group increased significantly than those in the non-sleep disorder group（all P＜0.05）.Conclusion Analysis was used to show negative associations between age（r=-0.482,P=0.001）,H-Y stage（r=-0.414,P=0.005）,HAMA score（r=-0.591,P＜0.001）,HAMD score（r=-0.574,P＜0.001）,and MoCA scale score（r=-0.583,P＜0.001） with sleep disorders Conclusion There is a certain correlation between cognitive dysfunction and sleep structure disorder in PD patients.Sleep structure disorder may lead to increased cognitive impairment.
Objective To investigate the role ofprotectin D1 on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury（CIRI） in mice.Methods Ninety C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and protectin D1 group.The CIRI model in mice was established by thread embolism method.The mice in the protectin D1 group were injected with 5 mg/kg protectin D1 through the tail vein 30 minutes before ischemia, and the mice in the control group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline.After 24 hours of reperfusion, the infarct volume, brain water content and blood-brain barrier permeability of mice were measured.The neural function of mice was evaluated by Bederson scoring.The content of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）,cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）,tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）,superoxide dismutase（SOD）,glutathione（CAT） and malondialdehyde（MDA） in the brain tissue of mice were detected.TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the apoptosis of brain tissue of mice.Results Compared with the control group, the volume of cerebral infarction, brain water content, blood brain barrier permeability, Bederson scoreand adhesion removal time in the model group were significantly increased, and the rotational drop time was significantly decreased（P＜0.05）;Compared with the model group, the volume of cerebral infarction, brain water content, blood brain barrier permeability, Bederson score and adhesion removal time in the protectin D1 group were significantly decreased, and the rotational drop time was significantly decreased（P＜0.05）.Compared with the control group, the level of IL-1β,COX-2 and TNF-α in the model group were increased significantly（P＜0.05）;Compared with model group, the level of IL-1β,COX-2 and TNF-α were significantly decreased（P＜0.05）.Compared with the control group, the contents of SOD and CAT in the model group were decreased significantly, while the content of MDA were increased（P＜0.05）;Compared with the model group, the contents of SOD and CAT in the protectin D1 group were significantly increased, while the contents of MDA was significantly decreased（P＜0.05）.Compared with the control group, the apoptosis index in the model group was increased significantly（P＜0.05）;Compared with the model group, the apoptosis index in the protectin D1 group was significantly lower（P＜0.05）.Conclusion Protectin D1 alleviates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice, and its mechanism is related to reducing inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
左旋多巴反应试验是一项临床常用的简便有效的评价帕金森病患者多巴反应性的方法,对于帕金森病的诊断和指导药物治疗具有重要意义,也是外科脑深部电刺激手术(DBS)的患者筛选指标及术后疗效的预测因素之一.目前普遍认为左旋多巴反应试验的改善率大于30％适合DBS手术,然而关于改善率临界值尚存在争议.左旋多巴反应试验与手术患者筛选及术后疗效预测之间的关系也没有定论.了解左旋多巴反应试验的发展历史可以更科学地指导外科手术患者的筛选及个体化治疗.
Objective To assess diagnostic performance of the intraoperative ultrasonography in neuro-oncology practice based on the clinical features of patients with deep-seated brain tumors.Methods A retrospective review of 24 patients who were treated for deeply seated brain tumors has been performed.Among these cases, 13 patients underwent tumor resection via dissection of the non-eloquent cortex or trans-sulcal approach depending on the intraoperative ultrasonic findings（ultrasound-guided group）,while 11 patients experienced trans-sulcal approach without intraoperative ultrasonography（control group）.Data regarding clinical findings and technical considerations were analyzed.Results No statistically significant difference was observed in the age, tumor diameter, depth of the lesions, and preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale（KPS） of these 2 groups.However, shorter exposure time, less microscopic or endoscopic procedure time, reduced duration of hospitalization, a fewer extent of focal encephalomalacia, and higherKPS 3 months after surgery were all achieved statistical significance in patients in the ultrasound-guided group when compared with the control group（P＜0.05）.Moreover, the ultrasound-guided surgery provided higher rate of gross total resection, fewer complications, and less degree of postoperative brain edema.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasonography can accurately identify deeply seated brain tumors, andmay compensate for craniotomy-induced brain-shift.Shortening operation duration, complete tumor resection with minimal invasion, and improved recovery time can be obtained via the ultrasonic-guided surgery, resulting insurvival benefits.
Objective To investigate the effect of serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1（sLOX-1） on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage（aSAH）) value of patient prognosis assessment.Methods A total of 232 aSAH patients who visited our hospital’s neurosurgery department from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the analysis group, and 114 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The general clinical data of the research subjects were collected, and the Hunt-Hess grade, modified Fisher grade, and aneurysm rupture size were evaluated and recorded.The venous blood of the patients admitted to the hospital within 24 hours was collected to detect the level of sLOX-1,and the mRS score was used to analyze and compare the good prognosis group and the poor group.For various clinical indicators, Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between sLOX-1 and the severity of aSAH;multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for the prognosis of patients with aSAH;receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC curve） was used to analyze the relationship between sLOX-1 Evaluation value in the prognosis of aSAH patients.Results The level of serum sLOX-1 in the aSAH group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group（P＜0.05）,and the level of sLOX-1 in the poor prognosis group was significantly higher than that in the good prognosis group（P＜0.05）.Serum sLOX-1 level was positively correlated with Hunt-Hess classification and modified Fisher classification（P＜0.001）Logistic regression analysis showed that Hunt-Hess grade（grade 3-5）,aneurysm size（≥5 mm）,serum sLOX-1 concentration and modified Fisher grade（grade 3-4） were associated with poor postoperative prognosis in patients with aSAH Influencing factors（P＜0.05）,The AUC of serum sLOX-1 for evaluating the prognosis of aSAH patients was 0.739,the cutoff value was 1.68 ng/ml, the sensitivity was 67.82%,the specificity was 76.37%,（Youden index=0.659;95% CI 0.741-0.902）.Conclusion The level of serum sLOX-1 is related to the severity of aSAH patients, and is an independent influencing factor for patients with poor prognosis.
