China has blazed a trail of modernization that suits its basic national conditions, objective reality, cultural traditions, political systems, ways of thinking and other elements to foster its own developmentfor modernization. Chinese path to modernization has pervasively demonstrated its originality, which highlights distinctive Chinese characteristics, breaking the theoretical and discourse monopoly of the Western world on the path to modernization. From the perspective of Chinese characteristics, China’s modernization is the modernization that activates Chinese civilization, suits China’s reality, adheres to the concept of “Putting the People First”,follows unique strategies and methodologies, and presents a new model for human civilization. It has provided a powerful force for building broad consensus on cooperation, promoting the development of world history, and leading the advancement of human civilization.
从资源基础理论视角出发,对企业主金融知识影响小微企业劳动雇佣的理论机制进行解析.采用中国小微企业调查(CMES)数据并基于因子分析法构建企业主金融知识指标,进一步实证考察企业主金融知识对小微企业劳动雇佣的实际影响及其作用机理.研究结果表明,企业主金融知识水平的提高显著提升了小微企业劳动雇佣,且该效应对于外部融资依赖程度较高的企业更为明显.机制检验表明,缓解企业融资约束、促进企业社会责任履行以及推动企业数字化变革是企业主金融知识提升小微企业劳动雇佣的重要渠道.拓展性分析发现,企业主金融知识主要提升了小微企业普通员工雇佣.而且企业主金融知识对低制度质量地区、西部地区和未入住产业园区的小微企业以及非国有小微企业劳动雇佣的提升作用更为强烈.此外,企业主金融知识对小微企业就业质量也具有重要作用.即企业主金融知识有效提升了小微企业员工薪资水平,尤其是普通员工薪资水平.
新文科人才培养模式改革既是新文科建设的重中之重,也是提升我国文科专业人才自主培养质量的关键一招.基于17个全国高校新文科建设典型经验的跨案例研究结果显示,理念革新重塑文科专业定位、知识交叉优化文科课程体系、技术赋能文科教学效能升级是我国新文科人才培养模式改革创新的三个重要切口.这些改革创新实践开拓了我国高等文科专业教育的发展前景,但也潜藏着文科专业特质淡化、文科知识价值稀释和文科教育技术替代等战略隐忧,极易引发文科专业导向漂移困境、文科课程知识本体危机和文科教学互动化约风险.对此,应强调"以我为主",重申文科专业育人特色;坚持"外宽内深",挖潜文科知识育人价值;注重"融会贯通",促进数字人文教学相长.
农民是乡村治理的最终目标群体,农民的态度与行为直接关系到乡村治理过程的顺利展开.然而,农民的不合作已成为困扰当前中国乡村治理的重大问题.与早期的农民不合作行为不同,当前的农民不合作行为表现出不合作行为目标的政府指向、不合作行为主体的扩大化以及不合作行为对乡村秩序的强冲击性等新型特征.国家资源分配的技术化路径是造成农民不合作行为扩大与持续产生的直接原因,此种资源分配方式将农民和发挥协调国家与农民关系作用的村级组织排斥于资源分配的决策与执行体系之外.资源分配的技术化路径是国家为增强资源分配安全性而对基层代理人权力进行控制与约束的结果,这构成当前农民不合作行为扩大与持续产生的深层缘由.要破解这一困境,有必要改变国家资源的分配路径,从代理人权力控制思路转化为组织群众思路,让组织起来的农民成为资源分配的主体.这不仅能起到抑制农民不合作行为的扩大化和持续产生的效果,而且还可以从整体上达到国家资源分配的安全性与有效性目标的平衡.
民营经济增长因多种原因长期面临融资难问题,数字普惠金融发展为缓解民营经济融资困境提供了可行的解决思路.通过对数字普惠金融影响民营经济增长的作用机理进行理论分析,并提出研究假说,然后利用 2011-2020 年中国省级面板数据,实证检验了数字普惠金融对民营经济增长的影响作用、中介效应及区域异质性.研究结果表明,数字普惠金融总指数和覆盖广度、使用深度两个分指数均对民营经济增长产生正向促进作用,经内生性讨论和稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立.中介效应检验发现,创新水平和城镇化水平在数字普惠金融影响民营经济增长的过程中发挥部分中介效应,即存在"数字普惠金融→企业创新→民营经济增长"和"数字普惠金融→城镇化→民营经济增长"两条传导路径.区域异质性检验发现,在东部地区和数字普惠金融发展高水平地区,数字普惠金融对民营经济增长的影响作用更大.
"三事分流"的基层治理模式体现一种"居民→社区→政府"层层递进的"私事→小事→大事"的定位、分流、筛选和解决的整体实践路径.它通过"自己管理自己"的"自主式物业管理""居民互助式"的"社区自我管理"和"直接走访→当面解决→向上反映"的"三级办事流程"等操作策略,理顺政府、社区与居民的关系,将社区的事务和矛盾内部化处理,形成一种"半正式权力运转秩序".这种借力社区内部的居民、群体和组织力量的自治模式,能有效融入正式权力架构并配合其运行,挖掘下层非正式治理资源解决问题,缓解上层工作压力,实现上下贯通、分工合作,降低治理成本,提升治理效果.其良好运行的关键是社区居委会和党组织的引领统筹、宣传动员和组织协调.这种基层治理模式值得其他省市社区参考和借鉴.
The standardization governance of vocational education involves three core issues: who is the subject of standard formulation, how to determine the scope and degree of standardization, and how to maintain the effectiveness of standardization. Different countries will find different solutions based on their national conditions. The standardization of vocational education in China has roughly experienced the stages of infrastructure standard construction, teaching standard construction and standard systematization. In the process of solving the three core problems of vocational education standardization, Chinese government regulates the relationship between the government and the market through legalization strategy, the relationship between the central and local governments through echelon strategy, and the relationship between the government and schools through performance strategy, forming a standardization governance model of vocational education with Chinese characteristics. At present, there are still many dilemmas in the standardization governance of vocational education in China, such as the multi-party game and potential conflict of the right to define official knowledge, the excessive regulation and function loss of “over-standardization”,the lack of supervision and belief in the implementation of standardization, the lack of specialty and low-quality involution of standardization, etc. In the future, we should establish a standardized hierarchical decision-making model and build a functional vocational education standard matrix; Improve the internal organizational system of standardized governance and holistically improve the specialization level of standardized governance. We should also focus on institutional reform and conceptual recognition and ensure the steady development of the standardization governance of vocational education.
Based on the data of A-share non-financial listed companies from 2007 to 2020,this paper explores the impact of institutional joint ownership on corporate debt burden. The study finds that institutional joint ownership can alleviate the debt burden of enterprises, and the higher the degree of connection and proportion of institutional joint ownership, the more conducive to alleviate the debt burden of enterprises. At the same time, institutional joint ownership can play a role in restraining the damage of corporate debt burden to total factor productivity. From the perspective of mechanism, on the one hand, institutional joint ownership plays a synergistic effect, which increases the commercial credit of enterprises. On the other hand, institutional joint ownership can reduce agency costs and the degree of information asymmetry between enterprises and creditors by playing a stronger supervisory and governance effect. After distinguishing the attention of analysts and the size of accounting firm, this paper finds that the mitigation effect of institutional joint ownership on the debt burden of enterprises is more significant in enterprises with few analysts and small accounting firm. From the perspective of institutional joint ownership, this paper studies the impact of this emerging equity model on corporate governance and corporate debt burden, which is of great significance to promote the healthy development of the capital market and the high-quality development of the economy.
In the early Byzantine Empire, several ethnic groups entered the borders and settled down in the empirein different ways. Some members of the ethnic groupsparticipatedin different degrees in the economic, military, politic and social activities of the Byzantine Empire. At the same time, these outsiders gradually possessed the political identity of the empire through seekingpromotion in the political system of the empire. They also receivedreligious identity of the empire through converting the faith of Christianity. Finally, they obtained the cultural identity of the empire through accepting and using the official languages.
High-quality development is the advanced state of vocational education development, and the high-quality development index of vocational education is a scale to measure the high-quality development level of Chinese vocational education. Based on the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, the entropy weight TOPSIS method is adopted to build a five dimensional high-quality development index of Chinese vocational education, such as the innovation development index, the coordinated development index, the green development index, the open development index, and the shared development index, and based on the cross-sectional data in 2020 the high-quality development level of Chinese vocational education regions is measured. It is found that although the overall fundamentals of the high-quality development index of vocational education in China are favorable, it shows a spatial distribution pattern of the “leading” provinces being rare, the “parallel” provinces being few, and the “following” provinces being most. And it highlights the spatial difference characteristics of “eastern region” ranking first, “central region” taking second place, and “western region” lagging behind. Italso shows that the regional level of vocational education is insufficient in “innovative development”,general in “coordinated development”,weak in “green development”,blocked in “open development”,and lacking in “shared development”. In order to boost Chinese vocational education to truly achieve all-round “exponential” high-quality development, it is necessary to increase investment in innovation to cast a solid foundation for “innovative development” of vocational education, to strengthen the depth of structural coordination to give more impetus to the “coordinated development” of vocational education, to extend the breadth of learning space to create a healthy ecology for “green development” of vocational education, to deepen the intensity of international exchanges to unblock the diversified channels of the “open development” of vocational education, and to improve resource equity to maintain the spirit of “shared development” of vocational education.
Narrative therapy is a powerful therapeutic tool in the field of disease narration. It advocates the use of language to externalize problems, attaching importance to side stories, and constructing new life stories. Law in literature, especially in the literary texts of legal stories, is the core and foundation of the research of law and literature. Most scholars study law in literature with narrative literature represented by novels and dramas. This paper focuses on law in literature and uses narrative therapy as a treatment of disease narration to study the healing function of legal stories in literature. It selects legal stories from seven literary works, including three dramatic works of The Injustice to Dou E,The Merchant of Venice, Fifteen Strings of Cash, two fictions of Le Comte de Monte Cristo, Voskreseniye and two film and television works of The Shawshank Redemption and In the Name of People. It carries out therapeutic practice from the perspective of narrative therapy. In the process of narrative therapy, under the externalization of narrative language, legal stories in classic literature are reconstructed from a problem story to a new life story. The problem story of the protagonist in the story is deconstructed. The protagonist is also freed from the grief and suffering to obtain redemption. In this paper, law in literature, especially the literary texts concerning legal stories, is taken as the action blueprint in the practice of narrative therapy, and the practice of deconstructing legal stories by narrative therapy is taken as the identity blueprint, which presents the prospect ofnarrative healing.
Marx took social poweras the relationship of domination from some people to other peoplein the field ofobjective human material life. With a gradual study of the relationship between human labor and private property, young Marx thought that the social domination of private property is the key point in establishing the theoretical framework of social power.In the Economics and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844,Marx expounded the dynamic structure of social power theory through the clue of human’s alienated labor. From the principle of objective activities, he understood social power as the process of human labor’s continuous creation and sublation of alien social forces. This logic framework ran through Marx’s laterworksand was further developed in Marx’s critique of history and political economy.
Since literature is an art of language, the study of literature from the perspective of language is the essence of literature study and comparative literature is no exception. The difference between Chinese and foreign literature is deeply rooted in the difference of languages, which is the core of comparative literature. “Language” is obviously absent in today’s comparative literature, the reason of which is not only related to the “setting” of the historical problems of comparative literature, but also related to the traditional view of language in the field of comparative literature. To re-examine the problems of comparative literature research from the perspective of modern view of language, great changes will take place in the “hierarchy” of the problems and the “mode” of the research. Language study will make the “influence study” more evidence-based, which can make the “parallel comparison” more vigorous and overcome the past defects of being too broad, empty and random. The most important discovery of language study for comparative literature is the ontological status of the specific study of Chinese and foreign literature, which is the core problem of comparative literature and provides a practical possibility for the construction of a “Chinese School”.
Chinese path toeducational modernization is a strategic task related to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and an important part of Chinese path to modernization. Chinese path toeducational modernization is an important content of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times, which highlights the characteristics of the new era of the Chinese context of Marxist education theory. The 20th CPC National Congress put forward the important thought of Chinese path to modernization, guiding the development of Chinese education in putting the people first, staying self-confident and self-reliance of culture, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, problem oriented, with the concept of system coordination, and to build the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. Thus, it draws new goals, new ideas and new strategies for Chinese path to educational modernization and forms the internal logic of the development of Chinese path to educational modernization.
In the era of digital economy, the rapid evolution of digital finance is reshaping the trends and patterns of economic and financial development, which has aroused widespread concern and discussion in the academic community. However, the current research object, scope and conclusion are not consistent, and there are also manyresearch deficiencies. Based on the idea of “conceptual characteristics and theoretical origin—measurement methods and data— economic and financial consequences— risk and supervision”,this paper analyzes the relevant literature of digital finance. The study shows that the essence of digital finance is finance, and the internal driving force is to improve the financial function.The external condition is the progress of digital technology, and the most direct theoretical source is the theory of network economy. The defects of measurement methods and data of digital finance are two important reasons that hinder the research in this field. The relationship between digital finance and traditional finance is mainly “competition and cooperation”. The impacts of digital finance on the economy is omnidirectional and multi-leveled, which involve economic growth and macro policy effect, regional innovation and industrial structure, residents’ income consumption and enterprise production, etc. The digital finance has changed the financial risk contagion and taking, and it’s necessary to innovate financial supervision methods based on data tools to realize intelligent supervision and dynamic supervision. In the future, the financial industry will enter the digital era withthe contextualization and path dependence of financial services being inevitable, and data and its value application being the core competitiveness. Academic circles should focus on the construction of the theoretical framework of digital finance, the contribution decomposition of financial and scientific and technological elements, the standards and mechanisms of digital finance, digital finance and monetary policy, the international cooperative governance of digital finance, and contribute theoretical wisdom to the construction of “digital finance” with Chinese characteristics.
Based on the investigation of several communities, this paper aims to analyze the alienation and mechanism of homeownercommittees. Research shows that publicity and initiative are the necessary characteristics of homeowner committees. However, many homeowner committees show different forms of alienation due to the dual deficiencies of publicity and initiative, including the nominal, the amateur, the profit-making, and the restrained type. The reason for the alienation is that the community structure, institutional design and the degree of administrative intervention do not meet the needs of the committee, forcing it to encounter multiple operational difficulties extending from the specific community to the organizational field, resulting in the organization’s disenchantment and failure. The structural-institutional analysis on the alienation mechanism would provide a new vision for the collaborative construction of community governance.
The Chinese animation reviews started in the 1920s Shanghai and formed a critical tradition of “enlightenment” in the 1930s and 1940s, which gave birth to the media cognition and communication consensus based on the principle of “image narrative”. The “rational enlightenment” under modern science communication, the “cultural enlightenment” under the aesthetic construction of animation and the “practical enlightenment” under the logic of image narrative constitute the three “enlightenment” paths of early Chinese animation. The reviews spread the “enlightenment” consciousness of animation from the economic field to the cultural field, from life intuition to political consciousness, and profoundly influenced the creative orientation of animation at that time. Especially since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the “enlightenment” awareness of animation has played a significant role in shaping the concept of general education in China, and even in the current cultural context, the tradition of animation “enlightenment theory” is still thriving. Early Chinese animation reviews reflects the process of animation’s participation in the construction of the modern Chinese nation-state, providing clues and cases for us to explore the theoretical construction of the Chinese animation, and inspiring us to see the multidimensional perspectives and research value of animation research from the interaction between media and history.
The academic debates on Article 10 of the “Outline on Feuerbach” are mostly based on the distinction or opposing theoretical perspectives between “civil society” and “human society”. It either centers on the “society” of the two societies or the difference between “citizens” and “human beings”,and stands on either the “value level” or the “fact level”. It has missed the important purpose and significance of the change in Marx’s worldview. In the sense of changing the world outlook, the above theoretical foresight should be abandoned. “Civil society” should be understood as a world composed of atomic individuals, namely the capitalist world. This is the social and historical basis of old materialism. “Human society” is the historical world of human society that exists from ancient times to the present and leads to the future formed by people through practical activities. It includes “civil society” and leads to “communist society”. It is a unity of facts and values. The difference between the old and the new materialism is not in the “socialization” or the difference in value standpoint, but in the difference in the “world” seen by the two with their respective philosophical principles. This understanding will be more helpful to understand the other content in “The Outline of Feuerbach” and the difference between the old and the new philosophy, and it will also have a positive significance for the settlement of related disputes in the academic world.
The institutional potential of urban community autonomy has not been fully released. Existing studies mostly seek adaptation of organization and space from the perspective of “reorganization of organizational units”,and fall into “organizational obsession”. Studies have shown that heterogeneous life events are a more suitable practice field for understanding community autonomy, and the personality traits and action logic of autonomous subjects are the key factors that affect the practice style and character of residents’ autonomy, creating the community autonomy practice with the attributes of personification. Facing the practice of personified self-governance, the existing community self-governance organization system should be reconstructed in accordance with the principle of “being flat, simple and efficient”,holistically design its organizational structure, improve the selective incentive mechanism and the mass work support mechanism, and realize the full activation and effectiveness run of community autonomy.
The key to implement labor educationin schools is to reshape the underlying logic of curriculum implementation and clarify the operation mechanism of the labor course implementation system. In the practical fields of the primary and secondary school, the implementation of labor course follows a top logic of goal symbiosis, a median logic of structural integration, and a bottom logic of practice synergy. According to the participation of different curriculum subjects, the labor courses in school practice take three forms: task-execution, curriculum interconnection and conceptintegration. In the new era, to promote the implementation of labor courses in primary and secondary schools, it is necessary to build an adaptive transformation mechanism to ensure labor courses to be “true to its name”,to establish a practical understanding mechanism to promote the “deep implementation” of the labor courses, and to form a creative generating mechanism to develop a “cultural practice” of the labor courses.
