Since the mid-1990s, charitable organizations in the modern sense began to take off in China. Despite being a mid-scale form of organizational expression of social awakening during the reform process, the growth of charitable organizations has often been characterized by “small yet weak, weak yet living” due to the constraints of a ‘strong state vs. weak society’. This paper focuses on the growth of charitable organizations and attempts to propose a new analytical framework. The growth of charitable organizations can be viewed from three perspectives, namely size, professionalism and vitality. A charity needs to absorb and effectively integrate various resources, and this process is also influenced by the trust structure within the organization. Further, there are two types of trust expansion within charitable organizations: relational trust and institutional trust, these accompanied by two types of external resource compatibility: community resources and government resources. Based on this, this paper proposes an analytical framework for the growth of charitable organizations based on trust expansion and resource compatibility, and argues that the characteristic ‘small yet weak, weak yet living’ growth of charitable organizations is due to the dual constraints of insufficient trust expansion in their internal governance structures and unstable compatibility with external resources. The discussion in this paper not only enriches the traditional perspective of government-society relations, but also focuses on the neglected internal aspects of charitable organizations, providing theoretical implications for the quality development of charity.
Japan's Oriental studies was the first to name China's traditional intellectual heritage as"philosophy"and confirm its philosophical attributes.They established the disciplines of"Oriental Philosophy"and"Chinese Philosophy,"which,along with"Oriental History,"became the impetus for the formation of Japan's"Oriental Studies".At the same time,Oriental scholars wrote a series of works on the history of Chinese philosophy,which shifted the study of Chinese philosophy from national philosophy to regional philosophy,confirmed the value and status of Chinese philosophy in Orien-tal philosophy,and made value judgments based on their research.Among them,Tetsujiro Inoue's study of Confucian phi-losophy and his evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese philosophy,and Tsuda Sōkichi's denial of the philosophical attributes of Taoist thought and his devaluation of its value,are the most distinctive and sharp,and also the most representative.From the perspective of academic history,these evaluations,whether positive or negative,commendato-ry or derogatory,are helpful in bringing Chinese philosophy and Oriental philosophy into the vision of world philosophy,and in the modern transformation of Chinese traditional philosophy,thus worthy of our analysis,research,and reevaluation.
The relationship between the Mandarin Duck-Butterfly School prose and the Shanghai School prose is not a direct source-flow one,which is similar to as well as different from novels.The prose of the Mandarin Duck-Butterfly School directly originated from traditional literature,especially classical prose,and has always advocated for the"expres-sion of aspirations"or"spirituality"of traditional literature,rather than the"marketplace"or"entertainment"novels have always had.However,as a dual line development,there has always been a complex dialogue between the Mandarin Duck-Butterfly School prose of the same period,the same area,the"other",learning from others'experience,and the Shanghai School prose,which earlier reflected the basic characteristics of the Shanghai School prose.They together reflect the con-text of Shanghai's urban development and the spiritual memory of old Shanghai.More importantly,the cultural form of the new and old Shanghai style prose embodies the characteristics of Shanghai's counter-unification,illogicality,differenti-ation,and unfinished qualities in the Shanghai-style culture,which is the"societal focal point"(as opposed to Beijing,the"political focal point").It is a popular culture that tends towards people,reality,and life,and the best representative regional urban culture that has never been seen in the history of Chinese cultural development;it also represents the en-tire urban culture of modern China,representing a specific period of urban China-a modern material civilization that is different from rural China.
Constructing a local government governance capacity measurement system from three aspects of collaborative governance capacity,resource governance capacity and tool governance capacity to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and obstacle factors of the government governance capacity of the core cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2021 leads to discoveries as follows:①Overall local government governance capacity of the Yangtze River Delta is at a low level,a structurally imbalance predicable in the long run,in which the resource governance capacity constitutes the main body driving the development of local governance,and the tool governance capacity also shows signs of slow increase,but the lack of collaborative governance capacity is the prominent defect.②The governance capacity of local governments in the Yangtze River Delta presents a spatial distribution characteristic of"core prominence,local con-tiguousness",in which can be found a significant positive spatial correlation in 2014 and 2017,but after 2021,there is a regional polarization effect of the governance capacity of local governments,and the spatial correlation is being weakened.③Synergistic cooperation among local governments low,participation of foreign-funded enterprises scarce,fiscal revenue&expenditure insufficient,competence of local officials poor,these are the current key obstacles restricting the development of local governance capacity in the Yangtze River Delta.
Hayek believes that there are three fallacies in the methodology of scientism:objectivism,collectivism and historicism.Social-engineering is a typical application case of scientism in society.Hayek advocated the research of social science with subjectivism,individualism and synthesized approach.GPT is a new mixture of objectivism,individualism and evolutionism,which puts aside the collectivism and historicism opposed by Hayek,retaining objectivism,and introduces the integrated approach of individualism and evolutionism advocated by Hayek into it.To a large extent,GPT shows some characteristics of spontaneous order,shown mainly in the spontaneous emergence of intelligence,punctuated equilibrium of economic order,and emergent monopoly of LLM.On the basis of the evolution of GPT,a kind of spontaneous order has been formed.However,this spontaneous order is not the ideal order in Hayek's vision,because it ultimately leads to the monopoly of LLM.The core of Altman's utopian social project is a cyber-utopia that cultivates the development of artifi-cial intelligence to be shared by mankind as a whole.Altman's emphasis on universal basic income may be motivated by a holistic consideration about the future,a fear of the powerful effects of technology,and a business strategy for corporate development.Although Altman has put forward a whole set of utopian social-engineering ideas,there are many thinking fractures in the solution of the problem.On the basis of GPT technology,a new type of slavery may emerge,an enslave-ment of human beings by algorithms and machines.On the other hand,GPT seems to have described a new approach to freedom.How to tame technology with institutionalized power while allowing it to advance,leading humanity into a more idealized status on the basis of science and technology is of vital importance.
In 2022,China experienced a trade deficit in aquatic products for the first time,imports of aquatic prod-ucts continuously increasing.The potential quality of imported aquatic products caused by Japan's Fukushima nuclear sewage discharge in the future is worrying.In order to ensure the food safety of the people in the Yangtze River Delta,which borders Yangtze River and the sea,to study the governance path for the quality and safety of imported aquatic products in the Yangtze River Delta,a theoretical framework for governance mechanisms is constructed on the basis of grounded theory,consumer surveys of quality and safety related issues of imported aquatic products having been made to construct a structural equation model to test and analyze hypotheses.The results show that the level of government agency supervision,importer self-regulation,and consumer supervision have a significant impact on the quality and safety of im-ported aquatic products,among which,government agency supervision and importer self-regulation have a direct positive impact,the most important factor determining the quality and safety of imported aquatic products being the level of gov-ernment agency supervision.Consumers can indirectly influence the quality and safety of imported aquatic products by ac-tively supervising government agencies and importers.Based on this,relevant suggestions are proposed to improve the quality and safety of imported aquatic products in the Yangtze River Delta region,and to safeguard public"safety on the tongue".
The construction of social credit system is one kind of social practice with Chinese characteristics,in which the country leverages the advantages of concentrating its efforts to accomplish major tasks,uniting various forces,and carrying out the comprehensive construction of"government integrity,business integrity,social integrity,and judicial credibility".The construction model of China's social credit system is completely different from the models of the United States,Europe,or Japan,a unique"government-leading,society participation"model being gradually formed,but this model has many problems.The"Law on the Construction of Social Credit System"will directly affect the direction of the construction of social credit system.Based on its opinion draft,it examines the problems in the construction of social credit system,including administrative tendencies,lack of systematic qualities,and confusion between administrative and judicial powers.The future reform direction is promoting the transition from administration motivation to legal motivation,while actively urging the transformation of government functions,and the transformation of government identity from a reg-ulator,manager,or leader to a builder,promoter or"booster";Secondly,we need to promote the systematization of the construction of social credit system,so that various elements related to the construction of social credit system can form a structured system;Thirdly,we need to clarify the boundary between administrative power and judicial power,reasonably position the status of judicial credibility construction in the construction of social credit system,and strive for standardiza-tion and modernization in the process.
Art songs,a genre of small chamber music that originated in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th cen-turies,combined poetry and music closely and were accompanied by piano solos.The art songs originated from Germany and Austria and gradually spread to European countries,then exerting influence on the world music scene.From the cre-ation of"Nine Irish Songs"by Paris composer Berlioz in 1830,which marked the beginning of the union of poetry and music in modern French art songs,the period from mid-19th century to the early 20th century witnessed the emergence,development,and prosperity of French art songs.In the short span of over 80 years,French modern art songs had been continuously passed on,drawing on the strengths of others,and constantly innovating,resulting in the emergence of dozens of composers such as Berlioz,Gounod,Bizet,Chausson,Faure,Duparc,Debussy,and the arrival of hundreds of extraordi-nary art songs.In terms of aesthetic appreciation of music,French modern art songs possess aesthetic characteristics with poetry and music compensating each other,harmony and order in lyrics and music,romantic and elegant style,and the u-nity of human and piano all compressed into one.Since the introduction of European art songs during the May Fourth New Culture Movement in China,more than 100 years have passed,and many excellent song works have been produced.The retrospection on the development process and achievements of French modern art songs,and the overall analysis,study,and summary of the musical aesthetic characteristics of their song works undoubtedly prove to be enlightening with reference significance for the creation and development of contemporary Chinese art songs.
This paper proposes an analytical framework of deconstruction and reconstruction for modernized industrial system based on industrial economics perspective,in an attempt to advance the narrative of the concept and theory of re-search on modernized industrial system.It shows that the introduction of the concept of modernized industrial system from the 17th to the 20th National Congress of the CPC reflect the objective requirement of profound changes in the structure,mode and dynamics of China's industrial development.Studying the analysis of"modernization","industry"and"system",we define the modernized industrial system as a knowledge-intensive,technologically innovative,safe and open industrial system that is constantly adjusted dynamically with technological progress.In the perspective of industrial economics,the modern industrial system can be deconstructed from the following dimensions:From the perspective of industrial structure,it can be deconstructed into three optimizations of the industrial structure and internal transformation and upgrading of the industry;From the perspective of industrial organization,it can be deconstructed into enterprise competition and industrial synergy;From the perspective of industrial special allocation,it can be deconstructed into the location evolution of"indus-trial agglomeration-diffusion-re-agglomeration";From the perspective of industrial innovation,it can be deconstructed into the"three-chain integration"of industrial chain,value chain,and innovation chain;From the perspective of industrial security,it can be deconstructed into the protection of industrial competitive advantages by the industrial backup system.Therefore,building the modernized industrial system requires strategic reconstruction from the structure,organization,space,innovation and security according to the principle of dynamic competitive advantage of"fostering strengths and offsetting weaknesses".It includes the deep industrial integration,industrial chain integration and optimization,industrial cluster up-grading,industrial collaborative innovation,and industrial policy transformation.
The steady rise of the new generation of generative AI media applications,represented by ChatGPT,has had a structural impact on the human-computer interaction paradigm,preliminarily demonstrating the enormous potential to profoundly change the information dissemination ecology.Generative AI media dynamically constructs a highly humanized niche discourse field with more diverse,precise,and intelligent interactive capabilities,but it also has ideological attributes due to the value absorption of pre trained information,the value preset by model developers,and the value input used by user media.The dissemination mechanism of generative AI media determines that it is no longer simply a tool-based ap-plication;it could become a new type of ideological training technology device.In the increasingly widespread process of social application,multiple risk patterns such as mutated interactive information,simulated interactive context,and dis-persed communication power will occur,leading to more hidden ideological risks,more difficult identification,and more intense competition for discourse power.Faced with the ideological risks caused by generative AI media,we should find a basis on the strategic height of national security,drive intelligent applications with mainstream value orientation,respond to system threats with security governance,and counter train models with user media literacy,so that we can better achieve the standardized development of generative AI media and maintain national ideological security in the era of intel-ligent communication.
The metaverse is a parallel world made of electronic computers and quantum technology,mediated by highly developed brain-computer interface technology,providing a fully submerged environment.The joint crime of admin-istrators and strong artificial intelligence is about to become a new criminal trend in the meta cosmic environment.In or-der to solve the inadaptability of the criminal subject,it is necessary to re-explore the generally mild theory of three lev-els of crime elements in China.The essence of constituent element compliance is the illegal behavior of administrators and AI supervision procedures.In order to solve the problem that the practice of mental damage in the meta universe cannot be covered by illegality,the essence of illegality should be changed from the viewpoint of material interest damage of Yuchen Takigawa and Yaying Maeda to the theory of violation of ethical norms advocated by Meyer,and ethical viola-tion should also be understood as a deeper-layer concept of illegality.Therefore,from the perspective of the theory of vi-olation of ethical norms,we should recognize the illegality of the procedural intent,harmful behavior,and behavior results of the AI supervision procedure,and recognize the illegality of the system administrator's behavior from the perspective of harmful behavior and behavior results.However,the scope of recognition of joint crime is still limited to the common be-havior of both parties.As for the causes of illegal refusal,through the discussion of the property attribute of the resources of the meta universe system,the corresponding criminal law attribute of the user's self-help behavior can be clarified.As for the element of responsibility,the vulnerability of its own feelings and value judgments determines that the pain that the penalty wants to express cannot be conveyed to strong AI as expected.Therefore,for strong AI,the nature of respon-sibility should be transformed into a prescriptive sanction against violations of legal interests and ethical behaviors.If the AI supervision procedure with relative freedom of will still carries out illegal acts after fully measuring the rights and in-terests protected by the criminal law,we can identify its criminal intent and its corresponding criminal responsibility.
治理手段和方式的层层升级并没有带来治理内容和理念的深度转型,相反,当"技术"和"治理"在政府主导的社区治理场景相遇时,治理实践在工具理性的支配下呈现出均一化与同质化的明显态势.透过各类治理技术,社区治理被打造为一个可供展示的领域,治理内容和过程愈发可控制、可预测、可回溯、可计算,社区治理的可视化重构和展示化形塑成为麦当劳化的内生机制.治理主体对治理技术创新和治理展示性价值的追求遮蔽了治理的真正目标,大量治理技术的盲目堆砌使治理陷入了形式化、内卷化困境.因此我们需要在技术理性高扬的时代重新思考技术治理的限度,以多元参与的耦合结构培植技术嵌入治理的深厚土壤,从治理技术的外部植入走向扎根社区的技术在地化实践,超越"技术过剩、治理短缺"的治理创新困局,只有这样,才能处理好技术与治理、形式合理性(工具理性)与实质合理性(价值理性)的互动关系,使社区回归真实本然的治理状态.
市民社会理论在马克思主义理论谱系中占有极其重要的地位,它是理解马克思唯物史观生成过程的钥匙.从经济哲学的研究视角切入马克思市民社会理论,可以发现,政治经济学的介入和唯物史观研究的深入是其市民社会理论生成的关键.在《德意志意识形态》之前,关于市民社会的研究成果只能称之为马克思对市民社会相关问题的思考,不能称其为成熟的市民社会理论.于《德意志意识形态》中生成的马克思市民社会理论,不仅为马克思撰写《资本论》、表征资本主义灭亡逻辑做好了理论准备,为马克思关于未来社会的建设逻辑提供了理论资源,而且还能为推进当下中国式现代化建设提供重要理论价值.
人脸信息作为一种特殊的个人信息类别,屡遭非法侵害,严重损害信息主体的人格利益和财产利益.我国的立法与司法对消解此类问题发挥了重要作用,但仍有诸多不尽如人意之处.在此背景下,应当建构人脸信息在民事法律层面上的"强保护"模式:首先,应当对人脸信息进行明确界定,肯定其具有隐私与敏感个人信息的双重属性;其次,在此基础上,根据价值判断,采用场景理论和动态系统论对不同场景下的人脸信息侵权责任适用不同的归责原则;再次,应当剔除《民法典》第 997 条中"难以弥补"的措辞,调整"损害"为"侵害",以适当放宽信息主体申请人格权禁令的要求;最后,个人信息处理者故意侵害信息主体个人信息权益造成财产损失的,信息主体可以主张惩罚性损害赔偿;造成精神损害的,排除"严重"要件对人脸信息侵权责任承担的适用,同时对《个人信息保护法》第 69 条中"损害""损失"进行法释义学解读,为信息主体行使精神损害赔偿请求权提供法律支撑.
中国马克思主义哲学范式建设,既是马克思主义哲学自身发展的内在要求,也是解决新时代新语境下中国马克思主义哲学所面临的重大理论问题和实践问题的必然之举.从问题意识的视角理解,消解马克思主义哲学研究目标的僵化倾向,是进行中国马克思主义哲学范式建设研究最为基础的问题意识导向.从方法论的视角理解,中国马克思主义哲学范式建设必须坚持唯物辩证法的认知逻辑.从学派建设的视角理解,打造具有中国特色话语体系的中国马克思主义哲学学派,为中国马克思主义哲学范式建设赋予了时代性使命.从实践逻辑原因的视角理解,进行中国马克思主义哲学范式建设的深层原因,是因为中国特色社会主义发展道路的实践逻辑需要.从研究成果的视角理解,中国马克思主义哲学范式建设取得的研究成果,不仅是丰富的,而且还是多元的.
长江流域生态"执法+司法"联动可划归为提供建议型、共同办案型、案件移送型、联合会议型、便利诉讼型、监督引导型、辅助执行型七种类型.在生态法治思想的指引下,"执法+司法"联动需以理念性逻辑、协调性逻辑、规范性逻辑为建构基础.从时空维度展开分析,发现联动实践中存在时序偏置、空间隔断的困厄,并基于这种困厄衍生出信息共享机制窒碍、法律主体角色含混的显性倾向.为契合流域生态"执法+司法"联动的法治逻辑表达,需要塑造流域生态执法、司法的多端联动法治理念;协调联通流域生态"执法+司法"联动的区域范围,并尝试规范设置联动主体间的治理边界,力避因行政逻辑与司法逻辑混同产生的制度逻辑错位.
20世纪 80年代末,黄蓓佳小说增强了社会现实书写,告别了浪漫主义抒情时代.然而她没有让小说抒情陷入萎缩或停顿状态,而是传承转化中国抒情传统里内化与符号化的艺术手法,以达到保存美感、隐喻情感与注释时代的效果.她在小说里描绘抒情主体由刻画耽溺于抒情的个人形象转向塑造主体间性突出的个体,强调宏大目标对主体召唤应努力与人的个体需求保持统一,契合呼应了中国抒情传统的社会性与道德性.黄蓓佳小说内化了她的生命体验与美感经验,融入了其对中国历史的有情反思与传统文化的孺慕之情,不仅能诗意诠释个人的情感与理想,还能生动演绎出民族精神、家国情怀等宏大价值意识,创造了富有人性温度、历史深度、文化高度与思想力度的抒情境界.
精神生活共同富裕是共同富裕不可或缺的维度,在中国式现代化建设的征程中,精神生活共同富裕呈现为精神生产—精神供给—精神消费的内在理论逻辑和路径建构逻辑,理论与实践逻辑的统一使精神生活共同富裕成为价值观念和现实目标的合一.当前,精神生活共同富裕面临着多元需要未得到充分满足、精神生活贫富差距大、精神境界有待提高等现实困境,其根源是精神生产同质化、精神资源供给失衡、全民精神消费能力不足.因此,必须积极推进优质精神资源生产、着力优化精神资源有效供给、努力提升全民消费能力,促进精神生活共同富裕有序推进.在中华民族现代文明的视域下,探索推进精神生活共同富裕的路径,具有积极的理论和现实意义.
金融数据跨境流动是数字经济背景下金融服务贸易自身发展的内在需求,但目前国际社会尚未就金融数据的跨境流动规制形成统一方案.世界贸易组织框架下的一般性规则难以约束各国单边主义立法,为金融数据跨境流动带来壁垒.差异化的自由贸易协定在规制金融数据跨境流动的过程中可能导致不同后果.面对金融服务贸易与监管机制对金融数据跨境流动的巨大需求与金融数据跨境流动存在的潜在风险,有必要寻找有效的金融数据跨境流动规制方案,以便在确保数据安全的同时,最大化地发挥金融数据的经济价值.鉴于我国对于金融数据跨境流动规制的构建和参与尚处于初级阶段,有必要在处理好金融数据跨境流动与数据安全的基础上,提高自由贸易协定的规则供给水平,以推动我国金融服务贸易发展.
儿童文学语言特质内蕴于"儿童性"与"文学性"两个范畴中.叶圣陶的儿童文学语言探索融合了语言的工具性与思想本体性,在对内外资源的语言转换中,将口头文学、书面文学和翻译文学融合为儿童文学语言的源头,推动了兼具民族性与现代性的母语现代化进程.考虑到儿童文学作家与读者"非同代人"的机制,叶圣陶力主儿童教育介入儿童文学语言传统的再造工程.由于"为儿童"与"为成人"的价值两歧,叶圣陶儿童文学语言实践从思想与语言的同一性中寻找平衡,着力于从跨代际的语言转换中创构儿童文学新范型.
