近年来,中国生育水平持续走低,提高育龄女性的生育意愿对实现适度生育水平、促进人口长期均衡发展意义重大.文章基于深度媒介化的背景,融合了培养理论与计划行为理论以探究主动寻求信息和偶然接触信息两种信息获取模式对育龄女性生育意愿的影响,并比较了相应影响在未婚未育与已婚未育群体间的差异.结果显示,信息获取对生育意愿的"培养"并非简单的线性过程,而是经由中介机制.主动寻求信息对已婚女性的影响更大,与之相比,偶然接触信息看似成本较低且缺乏动机,实则对两个群体均产生了"强效应".个体生育态度和感知外部行为控制在主动寻求信息与已婚女性生育意愿之间起到中介作用;就偶然接触信息对生育意愿的影响而言,个体生育态度和社会规范感知具有重要中介作用,且在未婚和已婚女性中均得到证实.感知内部行为控制的中介效应对未婚女性更为显著,而感知外部行为控制的中介效应则对已婚女性显著.基于实证结论,文章对新闻媒体进行生育相关的议程设置以及有关部门完善生育友好政策提出建议.
Along with the rapid development of information and communication technology（ICT）, mobile internet is becoming increasingly popular in rural China, which brings about accelerating consumption transformations. Adopting a two-dimensional perspective embracing consumption structure and diversity, this study explores the impact of mobile internet use on the consumption of rural households using data from the China Household Finance Survey（CHFS）. An endogenous switching regression（ESR） model is built to estimate the effect. We find that the use of mobile internet significantly enhances the household consumption structure and consumption diversity. According to the ESR model estimates, the rural households not using mobile internet are expected to increase their share of development-and-enjoyment-type consumption by 0.03 provided that they use it, and the consumption diversity are expected to increase by 0.34. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of mobile internet use on the consumption upgrading is more significant for the rural households in the western region, and those with low income and low social capital. The conclusion still holds after a series of robust checks. The study highlights the importance of promoting digital rural construction and extending online consumption channels, so as to facilitate the rural household consumption upgrading and unleash its consumption potential.
Using data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey from 2012 to 2017, this paper examines the effects of digital economy on labor migration and the occupational allocation among migrant workers. The results suggest that the development of digital economy tends to attract labor migrants, and the occupational allocation in the destination depends largely on the feature of local digital economy. While the development of production digitization tends to attract migrant workers to technology-based occupations, the development of local life digitization increases the likelihood of migrant workers to work in service occupations, rather than production occupations. The development of digital economy is more likely to attract male, young and middle-aged, and highly-educated migrants. More specifically, the development of production digitalization is more likely to attract young and middle-aged, and high-educated migrants to technology-based occupations, and the life digitalization decreases the likelihood of young and middle-aged, and high-educated migrants to work in production occupations. Further analyses using data from the China Labor Force Dynamics Survey show that the development of digital economy helped to equalize the employment opportunity between migrants and urban citizens, but not for the wage or life happiness. This paper contends that it is necessary to strengthen digital skills cultivation in the labor force while promoting the development of digital economy, protect the employment equities of migrants, and promote high-quality full employment.
Using data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey（CLASS） data in 2014, 2016, and 2018, this study examines the traits and dynamics of the elderly’s participation in volunteer services in China, and explores its impacts on the elderly’s well-being. The results indicate that the elderly people’s participation in volunteer activities can significantly improve their health, reduce the risk of depression, enhance social adaptability, and increase life satisfaction, thereby effectively improving their well-being. Mechanism analysis shows that the elderly people increase their role identification, skill, and social interaction through participating in volunteer services, and four channels are identified in the mechanisms which are in line with the role theory, activity theory, continuity theory, and social integration theory. Heterogeneity analysis results show that older people living in rural areas, with lower education, or not living with their children benefit more from volunteer participation, while gender and age do not make any significant difference. The conclusive remark is made on facilitating broader participation in volunteer services, so as to fully tap into the elderly’s knowledge, experience, and skills, or the so-called "silver-haired resources", and to promote active aging.
This study examines the impact of the digital technology on the employment income of migrant workers and its heterogeneity using data from the China Labor Force Dynamic Survey in 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. The research shows that the development of the digital technology has significant positive impacts on the improvement of employment income and the welfare of migrant workers. The wage effect of digital technology is skill-biased, while no difference is observed for the effects in respect of migrant workers’ social and psychological capitals. Further tests on the subgroups using machine learning algorithms show that the increase in employment income is greater for the migrant workers with higher comprehensive endowments. Digital technology affects the employment income and welfare of migrant workers through channels such as the rationalization of industrial structure, the advancement of industrial structure, and the digital transformation of the industry. This study suggests that the government should further deepen the integration of digital technology in traditional industries, promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, and improve the income of migrant workers. At the same time, it should focus on improving the human capital of socioeconomically disadvantaged migrant workers to solve the problem of disparate income distribution.
