The aim is to synthesize recent scientific evidence on the relationship between parental attachment and socio-emotional development in children and adolescents, taking into account differences based on developmental stage, parental figure, and family context. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. Empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024 that used a quantitative, qualitative, or observational approach and evaluated the association between parental attachment and emotional development in children and adolescents were included. The search was conducted in specialized international databases, using controlled terms and combining them with Boolean operators. The synthesized evidence indicates that secure parental attachment is consistently associated with better emotional regulation, psychological well-being, social competence, and psychosocial adjustment, whereas insecure attachment is linked to a higher risk of internalizing and externalizing problems. Likewise, relevant variations were identified by stage of development, parental figure evaluated, and measurement approach. The findings confirm the central role of parental attachment in socioemotional development and highlight its dynamic, context-dependent nature, with theoretical, methodological, and applied implications for research and family interventions.
The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive capacity of social tolerance toward violence on the presence of street sexual harassment in an urban population. A quantitative, cross-sectional, predictive design was employed, with a sample of 501 participants, using validated instruments to assess social tolerance toward violence and experiences of street sexual harassment. The primary analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression, while a multinomial model was included as a complementary analysis. The results showed that social tolerance toward violence was the most relevant predictor of the presence of street sexual harassment, significantly increasing the probability of its occurrence. Sex and age showed significant associations of lower magnitude, whereas educational level and relationship status did not present independent predictive contributions. The multinomial analysis allowed exploration of differences across harassment categories; however, its statistical stability was limited due to the low frequency observed in the most severe levels. It is concluded that the social normalization of violence represents a central axis for understanding and preventing street sexual harassment.
Adverse childhood experiences are linked to lasting negative effects on physical and mental health. One of these effects is precisely the likelihood of a higher risk of victimization in adulthood, especially in contexts of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study examines the association between these experiences and mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and stress), as well as somatic manifestations, in women suffering IPV in Spain. Participants were 92 women aged between 18 and 71 years (M = 41.26, SD = 10.83), included in a program for women victims of gender-based violence and/or at risk of social exclusion. The instruments used were the Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire, the Somatic Complaints List, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Results revealed that adverse childhood experiences were more consistently associated with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, psychological problems, etc.) but not with physical health variables (somatic complaints). The need to integrate adverse childhood experiences into mental health and IPV assessments is emphasized, along with the incorporation of a trauma-informed approach in interventions.
This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in a sample of Peruvian adults (N = 397). The Spanish version of the SCS (26 items, five-point ordinal response format) was administered online. To examine internal structure, a six-correlated-factor CFA, a bifactor-CFA, and a bifactor-ESEM were estimated with WLSMV. The six-factor CFA showed poor fit and the bifactor-CFA failed to reach an admissible solution, whereas the bifactor-ESEM was the only stable and interpretable solution, with excellent fit (CFI = 0.987, TLI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.048, SRMR = 0.018). Bifactor indices indicated high reliability for the total score (ωH = 0.87; ECV-G = 0.75) and limited incremental specific reliability for most subscales (ωHS = .26–.54), with greater consistency for mindfulness (ωHS = 0.66). Convergent validity was consistent with expectations. Overall, findings support prioritizing the SCS total score in Peruvian adults and suggest caution when interpreting subscales.
The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an online behavioral and neuropsychological training program for parents of children with ADHD. The program aimed to reduce parenting stress and improve children's problem behaviors and ADHD symptoms. The study consisted of two phases. In the first phase, 10 parents of children with ADHD participated in a five-module online program covering psychoeducation about ADHD, parenting stress, managing children's problem behaviors, and enhancing executive function skills. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention on parenting stress, children's problem behavior, and ADHD core symptoms. In the second phase, parents participated in a focus group to evaluate the program's acceptability. Quantitative findings showed improvements in children's problem behaviors, though results for parenting stress and ADHD symptoms were mixed. Qualitative results indicated parents experienced improvements across all three measures and found the program useful and effective in developing skills to manage their children’s issues and cognitive abilities. Overall, the program demonstrated potential for addressing the needs of parents of children with ADHD. These promising findings highlight the feasibility of expanding this intervention in a larger-scale study targeting families in a Colombian context.
Depressive disorders prevalence rates in women are approximately 1.7 times higher than those in men. This could be influenced, at least in part, by gender bias due to the differential functioning of certain items in measurement instruments, which occurs when women and men are assigned different scores despite having similar levels of the trait that is evaluated. Recent evidence on gender bias in instruments for measuring depression due to the differential functioning of items in eight frequently used instruments was reviewed. The comparative analysis of scores obtained identified 20 items featuring differential functioning and gender differences in other aspects related to depression measurement. Women scored higher on 15 items (13 in children and adolescents), while men scored higher on four items (three in children and adolescents), and lower on one item. Conclusion: six frequently used instruments evaluate depression differently depending on gender, presenting signs of bias that could explain the differences in depressive disorders prevalence rates.
Adverse childhood experiences are linked to lasting negative effects on physical and mental health. One of these effects is precisely the likelihood of a higher risk of victimization in adulthood, especially in contexts of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study examines the association between these experiences and mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and stress), as well as somatic manifestations, in women suffering IPV in Spain. Participants were 92 women aged between 18 and 71 years (M = 41.26, SD = 10.83), included in a program for women victims of gender-based violence and/or at risk of social exclusion. The instruments used were the Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire, the Somatic Complaints List, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Results revealed that adverse childhood experiences were more consistently associated with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, psychological problems, etc.) but not with physical health variables (somatic complaints). The need to integrate adverse childhood experiences into mental health and IPV assessments is emphasized, along with the incorporation of a trauma-informed approach in interventions.
The implementation of new mathematical teaching methodologies, such as the ABN method (Number-Based Algorithm), has shown positive effects on the development of mathematical competencies from Early Childhood Education. General cognitive variables such as working memory and fluid intelligence, together with specific skills such as magnitude comparison, are considered key predictors of mathematical performance. The teaching methodology may influence the relative contribution of these variables to mathematical performance. A comparative study was conducted with 107 early childhood education participants, divided into an ABN group (n = 43) and a non-ABN group (n = 64). General mathematical performance and its cognitive precursors supported by the literature were assessed. Mann-Whitney U tests, bivariate correlations, and linear regressions were conducted. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. However, regression analyses revealed differences in the variables most strongly associated with mathematical performance depending on the teaching methodology, with fluid intelligence showing greater weight in the non-ABN group. These results suggest that different patterns of association between cognitive factors and early mathematical learning may be observed depending on the instructional methodology.
This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in a sample of Peruvian adults (N = 397). The Spanish version of the SCS (26 items, five-point ordinal response format) was administered online. To examine internal structure, a six-correlated-factor CFA, a bifactor-CFA, and a bifactor-ESEM were estimated with WLSMV. The six-factor CFA showed poor fit and the bifactor-CFA failed to reach an admissible solution, whereas the bifactor-ESEM was the only stable and interpretable solution, with excellent fit (CFI = 0.987, TLI = 0.974, RMSEA = 0.048, SRMR = 0.018). Bifactor indices indicated high reliability for the total score (NH = 0.87; ECV-G = 0.75) and limited incremental specific reliability for most subscales (NHS = .26-.54), with greater consistency for mindfulness (NHS = 0.66). Convergent validity was consistent with expectations. Overall, findings support prioritizing the SCS total score in Peruvian adults and suggest caution when interpreting subscales.
This study explores how early perceived parental attitudes and childhood traumas influence adult perceptions of divine authority and ego functions. It also examines the mediating role of childhood trauma in these relationships. A total of 516 adults participated. Measures included the Perceived Parental Attitudes Scale, Childhood Trauma Scale, God Perception Scale, and Ego Functions Scale. The mediating role of childhood trauma in the relationships among parental attitudes, perception of God, and ego functions was examined using structural equation modeling. Maternal emotional warmth was positively associated with Dominance-Achievement and Creativity ego functions. Neglectful or punitive parental attitudes, through increased childhood trauma, were indirectly linked to impaired ego functioning. Individuals with higher emotional or sexual abuse reported greater Negative God Belief, while lower trauma and supportive parenting predicted Positive God Belief. Childhood trauma significantly mediated the relationship between parental attitudes and divine authority perceptions, as well as between divine perceptions and ego functions. Early caregiving experiences shape both psychological and spiritual development. Supportive parenting promotes resilience and adaptive internalizations, whereas adverse experiences may foster punitive spiritual schemas and ego vulnerabilities. These findings highlight the clinical importance of addressing early relational histories in understanding adult self-functioning and spiritual beliefs.
The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive capacity of social tolerance toward violence on the presence of street sexual harassment in an urban population. A quantitative, cross-sectional, predictive design was employed, with a sample of 501 participants, using validated instruments to assess social tolerance toward violence and experiences of street sexual harassment. The primary analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression, while a multinomial model was included as a complementary analysis. The results showed that social tolerance toward violence was the most relevant predictor of the presence of street sexual harassment, significantly increasing the probability of its occurrence. Sex and age showed significant associations of lower magnitude, whereas educational level and relationship status did not present independent predictive contributions. The multinomial analysis allowed exploration of differences across harassment categories; however, its statistical stability was limited due to the low frequency observed in the most severe levels. It is concluded that the social normalization of violence represents a central axis for understanding and preventing street sexual harassment.
This study examined the relationship between attachment styles, emotional dysregulation, depressive symptoms, and minor mental disorders in a sample of 540 university students (68.33 % women; mean age = 21.6 years) from public and private institutions. Participants completed the Emotional Dysregulation Scale (adult version), the Battery for the Assessment of Depression Indicators, the Brazilian Attachment Scale (adult version), and the Minor Mental Disorders Scale. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that insecure attachment (preoccupied and fearful) was directly associated with emotional dysregulation, which emerged as a significant mediator in the development of depressive symptoms and minor mental disorders. In contrast, secure attachment showed a protective effect, being associated with positive self-perception and greater emotional regulation capacity. These findings underscore the relevance of early caregiving relationships and highlight emotional dysregulation as a central mechanism linking attachment to depressive symptomatology.
This study examined the relationship between social vulnerability (SV), resilience, subjective well-being (SWB), and violence in older adults. Eighty-five participants aged 60 or over were classified into groups with high or low SV, and their scores on resilience, SWB, and experiences of violence were compared. Individuals with higher SV were generally older, had lower income and education levels, and lived with fewer household members. Results showed that SV is associated with lower resilience and lower SWB. Mediation analyses indicated that resilience partially explained the link between higher SV and reduced SWB, suggesting that resilience acts as a protective factor. Violence showed a negative correlation with specific SWB dimensions, such as satisfaction with life domains and mood state. Overall, the findings highlight the psychological impacts of social vulnerability on older adults and emphasize the importance of preventive mental health actions focused on strengthening resilience in socially vulnerable populations.
This study aims to analyze the impact of social and organizational support on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in firefighters who have experienced a potentially traumatic event at work. The study involved 83 military firefighters. The data were analyzed using descriptive, association, and intergroup comparison statistics. The results indicated that the firefighters had low levels of PTSD and moderate levels of PTG. Those who were exposed to multiple adverse events and whose exposure occurred more recently were more susceptible to PTSD. Social support showed a positive, moderate association with PTG. However, none of the supports showed an association with PTSD. Additionally, a positive and moderate association was observed between PTSD and PTG. It was concluded that potentially traumatic events can cause suffering but also positive changes, and that firefighters experience a more positive outcome when they have social support.
This study examines the experiences of faculty supervisors involved in training clinical psychologists to address cases of intimate partner and family violence (IPV). The aim is to generate practice-based knowledge that contributes to strengthening training processes and promoting ethical and effective supervision practices, enabling supervisors to respond to the needs of both the student and the clinical case. This qualitative study employed experience systematization as its methodological approach. Five focus groups were conducted with professors from various universities in Bogot & aacute;, Colombia, all with experience supervising IPV cases. The inquiry focused on their pedagogical practices and the clinical competencies they identified in students. Among these competencies, the ability to interrupt violent patterns, reduce their recurrence, work within interinstitutional networks, read relational contexts, and maintain reflective and collaborative attitudes stands out. Regarding pedagogical practices, findings show that, beyond therapeutic orientation, the use of individual and group supervision formats, co-therapy, and modelling are essential strategies for supervising IPV cases. The study concludes by highlighting the importance of fostering reflexivity and expanding theoretical frameworks to enhance the understanding and intervention of these cases.
The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an online behavioral and neuropsychological training program for parents of children with ADHD. The program aimed to reduce parenting stress and improve children's problem behaviors and ADHD symptoms. The study consisted of two phases. In the first phase, 10 parents of children with ADHD participated in a five-module online program covering psychoeducation about ADHD, parenting stress, managing children's problem behaviors, and enhancing executive function skills. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention on parenting stress, children's problem behavior, and ADHD core symptoms. In the second phase, parents participated in a focus group to evaluate the program's acceptability. Quantitative findings showed improvements in children's problem behaviors, though results for parenting stress and ADHD symptoms were mixed. Qualitative results indicated parents experienced improvements across all three measures and found the program useful and effective in developing skills to manage their children's issues and cognitive abilities. Overall, the program demonstrated potential for addressing the needs of parents of children with ADHD. These promising findings highlight the feasibility of expanding this intervention in a larger-scale study targeting families in a Colombian context.
Universities are higher education institutions where knowledge is discussed and disseminated, serving as a key element in the future of society. However, their employees face high levels of role ambiguity, especially after COVID-19. Studies suggest this ambiguity reduces intellectual engagement, the relationship between these variables may not be linear, but curvilinear. This study examines how perceived role ambiguity affects intellectual engagement among 122 technical employees at a public university. The results confirm the existence of a curvilinear asymmetric U-shaped influence. Higher ambiguity initially reduces intellectual engagement, but becomes a challenge at medium levels, boosting it. These results highlight ambiguity’s dual nature in public administration, showing it can evolve from a negative stressor to a motivational factor driving intellectual engagement.
This article is the result of a bibliometric study aimed at analyzing publications on research in the field of human rights in social networks, emphasizing the search for studies on persuasion and social influence in virtual communities. The analysis included the most productive authors and countries, keyword co-occurrences, cooperation between authors and co-citations, as well as the thematic evolution of research on these topics were identified. The search was carried out in Scopus, which yielded 325 scientific articles, of which 48.31% were published between 2015 - 2020. 679 occasional authors are registered with one article and a dispersion of 287 publications. There are five studies related to human rights in Colombia, associated with victims of the conflict, the media and the phenomenon of trafficking in women, the administrative function in the era of ICT, the right to health of patients with mental illness, and on strategic litigation to promote rights. There are no publications on the promotion and protection of human rights through social networks, beyond the denouncement of their violation in vulnerable communities and focused on health aspects.
Background: Resilience research requires evidence to distinguish common and differential traits that allow the infant to face a situation of crisis and/or adversity. The aim of the study is to identify the latent profiles of resilience as a function of self-efficacy, subjective well-being (life satisfaction and positive-negative affect), daily stressors and depression in schoolchildren during the Covid-19 confinement. Method: A total of 869 students of both sexes, boys (449) and girls (420) aged 10 to 13 years (M = 11.10, SD = 0.76) enrolled in different public basic education institutions, participated. The scales were applied for each of the variables of interest. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was used. Results: 5 distinct groups were identified: 1) moderate resilience, 2) vulnerable, 3) functional, 4) resilient and 5) well-adjusted. Conclusions: These profiles are useful for providing evidence regarding the different expressions of child resilience.
The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of discrimination on risky eating behaviors and emotional eating in Colombian migrants living in Chile. The sample consisted of 963 Colombian immigrants residing in northern and central Chile. The Dutch eating behavior questionnaire was used to assess emotional eating, the E-TONA structured interview to assess risky eating behaviors, and the scales of perceived racial and ethnic discrimination. The structural model presented adequate goodness-of-fit indices. Ethnic discrimination had a direct and positive effect on the development of risky eating behaviors. Racial discrimination had no significant effect on risky eating behaviors or emotional eating. It is necessary to continue exploring the relationship between discrimination and eating behavior, considering other factors at the individual and environmental levels, as well as other nationalities, in order to favor the development of effective public policies.
