Cai Yuanpei made active attempts in moral education when he was in charge of Peking Universi-ty.Meanwhile,he also faced many difficulties.Firstly,the position of moral education was shaken.Cai Yuanpei made a local transformation of the idea of German classical universities.On the one hand,he emphasized aca-demic research.On the other hand,he attached great importance to moral education.However,the position of moral education was impacted by academics in university running.Secondly,the cultivation of personal morals encountered difficulties.Cai Yuanpei tried to cultivate students'personal morals through the Society of Moral Improvement,but he failed to achieve the expected results.Thirdly,the cultivation of social morality faced chal-lenges.Cai Yuanpei believed that social morality was mainly reflected in concern for the interests of groups and society.He tried to realize the change from"patriotism"to"loving the people",and paid attention to cultivating students'consciousness of loving the university.Influenced by internal and external factors,relevant measures did not achieve significant results.The predicament of moral education of Cai Yuanpei and Peking University re-flects not only the adjustment and conflicts of transplanting foreign university systems,but also the courage and helplessness of an educator in resisting the dark political reality and old habits.
《走进重症监护室》是由美国约翰霍普金斯大学护理学院的Patricia M.Davidson教授主编的一本关于重症监护室的医学科普书籍,本书从一位经验丰富的重症监护室医护人员的视角,对重症监护室的环境、关键人员的角色和职责进行了描述.
Big data and centralized data processing have increasingly become the"upper-level logic"of discipline governance in pursuit of excellence,which to a certain extent aggravates the imbalance of disciplines.In reality,many actual effects of discipline governance are mainly attributed to the aggregation of small data,which possess values including a more precise cross-correlation of discipline knowledge,a more rational combi-nation of horizontal and vertical research methods,and more reasonable bottom-up cultivation of individuals.However,in the face of systematic problems and accelerating changes in the big data society,the small data path of discipline governance is confronted with the problem that research results have presented the form of point data with a lack of cluster innovation.Furthermore,scholars'data capability has been polarized;there-fore,there is a weakness in the backbone strength.In addition,discipline education encounters the predica-ments of complex data and low governance efficiency.It is required to focus on the"small consensus"coopera-tion shift of institutional design and the identity shift of"creators"in the operation of the system to superimpose the information correlation of the institutional carrier to the"life domain".Hence,it is necessary to build a"big"data governance structure based on"small"data so as to achieve the symbiosis and co-promotion of the two disciplinary governance methods and governance thoughts.
In the background of opening up,vocational education international cooperation is an important way to enhance the capabilities of China participating in global vocational education governance.However,with the dynamic,complexity and uncertainty of the globalization and international cooperation environment,the risk of vocational education international cooperation has gradually highlighted,and it is urgent to improve the resil-ient risk management capabilities.Taking Luban Workshop as a case,which is the Chinese and foreign human communication and vocational education internationalization development well-known brand,based on resilient risk management theory,this paper explains the definition of resilient risk management capabilities of vocation-al education international cooperation.By the three stages,which include risk identification,risk evaluation,and risk response,the paper also analyzes the necessity of improving resilient risk management capabilities of vocational education international cooperation,and the four key dimensions of resilient risk management capa-bilities of vocational education international cooperation,which include redundant resources,organic structure,flexible culture and external reciprocity.Finally,it proposes some approaches to improving the resilient risk management capabilities of vocational education international cooperation,which include fully tapping construc-tion resources,avoiding the risk of shortage of cooperation resources,gradually optimizing construction struc-ture,avoiding the risk of imbalanced cooperation structure,actively creating construction culture,and avoiding the risk of weak cooperation culture,top-level designing reciprocity mechanism,and weak cooperation mecha-nism.
《海错图》是一部来自民间的"国之重宝",由清初聂璜工笔彩绘并撰文.聂璜于康熙六年(1667年)起绘,康熙二十六年(1687年)绘成《蟹谱》,至康熙三十七年(1698年)"集稿誊绘,通为一图".
The dishonest behaviors of demanding high scores from teachers after academic exams often oc-cur.This study first provides a preliminary description of the phenomenon of students'"need for scores",and takes typical events with hidden characteristics as the object to specifically sort out the dynamic process from"seeking scores"to"seeking punishment"and then to"calming down".Based on the perspective of demand expression,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis approach of"dividing events"from four aspects:who is expressing,how to express,what to express,and the results of expression.It is proposed that university gover-nance should adapt to the requirements of professionalization,rationalization,and rule of law in modern society,implement a governance mechanism that is hierarchical and accountable,and stick to information identification,compliant disposal,and fairness and transparency.
In order to explore the maturity of data governance in Chinese colleges and universities,this re-search learns from DAMA-DMBOK2,DCMM and other classical models of evaluating the maturity of data gov-ernance at home and abroad,and combines them with the actual situation of Chinese colleges and universities to design a questionnaire about the maturity of data governance in Chinese colleges and universities.The question-naire,group interviews and other methods are used synthetically to collect and analyze data.The results show that the holistic maturity of data governance in most Chinese colleges and universities is around the stable level(Level 3);the maturity of data governance in higher education is above the moderate level in the whole educa-tion system,which plays an important leading role in basic education and vocational education.The research al-so finds some urgent problems:the lack of top-level designs of data governance,the low degree of innovation of data integration,the weak financial guarantee of data governance,the uneven governance levels of universities and so on.Based on these results,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:to establish strategic think-ing and enhance top-level designs;to promote openness and sharing and focus on integration and innovation;to innovate the way of support and enhance the capacity of financing;to persevere in the classified development and promote fairness and coordination.
Based on the method of grounded theory,105 pre-service teachers'educational narratives are encoded.The characteristics of"outstanding class"in the eyes of pre-service teachers can be clustered into six first-level nodes,including teaching structure,student learning,community interaction,class culture,teacher teaching,learning achievement,and 19 second-level nodes,including teacher-student interaction and guid-ance.The result shows that pre-service teachers present a good situation of diversified and integrated under-standing of classroom teaching.However,there is also an observation tendency of emphasizing exigency over im-plicity,emphasizing teacher-student interaction over student-student interaction,and emphasizing cognition over construction.Based on this,it is necessary to use multimodal data to help them understand the true appear-ance of"outstanding class",and cultivate their belief in practicing"outstanding class"with narrative education method.
From the perspective of transitivity,with the use of LancsBox this paper analyzes the corpus of Chinese Top 100 universities'introductions.The study revealed that universities in China build their identities utilizing material process and relational process,and meanwhile elaborate with mental process.Among the pro-cesses,the creative,transformative feature from material process and the intensive,possessive feature from rela-tional process are the most frequently used ones.The results show that Chinese universities'identities have fol-lowing characteristics:high level and long history but lack of heterogeneity;serving students and society but us-ing less micro narrative;developing innovation but paying less attention to empathy discourse.Therefore,in or-der to improve the ability of international communication,the narrative framework with Chinese characteristics should be constructed in order to tell the story of true and real Chinese universities and combine the macro nar-ratives with micro narratives,so that they can attract more attention all over the world.
The peer review of teaching program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln originated from the proposal of the concept of scholarship of teaching,and was initiated by American Association for Higher Educa-tion's exploration of the path of"teaching as scholarship".After decades of effort,a faculty-led inquiry into re-flective and scholarly teaching program has been formed.The program consists of two operational forms:first-year project and advanced project.The characteristics of the program are:stages dividing reflecting the scholarship of teaching and learning(SoTL)development logic from"teaching"to"scholarly teaching"and then to"scholarship of teaching and learning",the construction of academic communities of SoTL through peer re-view of teaching,and the development of benchmark portfolio and the inquiry portfolio to provide artifacts of SoTL development.The program emphasizes the important role of the academic community in development of SoTL,and provides experience for teacher's development of SoTL in China from aspects of the idea change,platform construction and artifacts development.
The practical need to enhance historical consciousness and the inherent requirement to broaden cognitive horizons are the internal logic of cultivating college students'big view of history.Enhancing historical confidence,firm ideals and beliefs,and political literacy are the basic values for cultivating the big outlook of history.The main goals of cultivating the big view of history are to form a civilized historical view centered on Chinese history,a dynamic historical view centered on materialism,and a global historical view centered on a community with a shared future for mankind.The ideological and political theory courses in universities are an important battlefield for cultivating college students'big view of history,and related general education courses and subject history can provide strong support for cultivating college students'big view of history.
Teaching evaluation by students is widely adopted in higher education.In order to obtain good teaching evaluation results that meet the school's assessment requirements and their own expectations,some in-structors cater to students'pursuit for high scores,leading to the grade inflation phenomenon.Universities and colleges can also temporarily benefit from good statistics on further studies and employment fueled by grade in-flation due to the time difference of information.Students,instructors,and schools are involved in a three-party game,and each acts for their own short-term interests.However,it will be destructive to all parties in the long run,forming principal-agent problem.This paper compares the teaching evaluation systems of Harvard Univer-sity and the University of California,Berkeley,and studies the reasons and their methods to maintain the effec-tiveness of teaching evaluation despite the trend of grade inflation.The paper proposes two methods to alleviate grade inflation:an"A quota"system and an"Average GPA"controlling system.It is found that restricting the average score is more effective in mitigating grade inflation and concluded that it is vital to constrain instruc-tors'ability to use the expansion of scores to exchange for better teaching evaluation results.
Data is one of the core elements of education evaluation.The integrity and decentralization of data governance are obviously coupled with the credibility construction of the third-party evaluation of higher education.The data acquisition mechanism,data processing mechanism,information communication mechanism and information disclosure mechanism in the evaluation process can effectively improve the objectivity,profes-sionalism,openness and impartiality of the third-party evaluation.The data governance mechanism of the third-party evaluation of moral hazard,the reverse dominance of the evaluated,excessive administrative inter-vention,misuse and abuse of evaluation results and other main evaluation behaviors can promote the improve-ment of the credibility of the third-party evaluation.To this end,the following countermeasures should be taken:establishing the data governance thinking of educational evaluation and form a data culture,building a third-par-ty evaluation collaboration model,realizing the benign interaction between politics,schools and society,improv-ing the evaluation data governance system and building a mechanism to safeguard the interests of the main body.
陕西科技大学教育学院武建鑫教授撰写的《世界一流工程学科的生成机理研究》一书切中“双一流”建设的基本问题，以学科生态系统为分析视角，阐述世界一流工程学科的形成规律，为“双一流”大学深入推进世界一流学科建设提供理论参考。该书是作者在博士论文基础上修改出版的著作，充分体现了作者对世界一流学科进行本体论追问的研究范式，内容主要涉及学科生态系统的理论基础、案例大学世界一流工程学科的结构性分析、世界一流工程学科的生成机理归纳三大部分。
制度化时间下的大学教师工作量,为教师工作提供了规范,提高了效率,增加了产量,但也引发了无效工作量、重复工作量和低质量工作量等问题.这些问题的根源在于:时间边界模糊限制了大学教师创造的积极性,时间加速文化使大学教师困囿于简单重复状态,行政管理体制僵化了教师工作量考核标准并控制了学术资源.重构制度化时间下的大学教师工作量,一要重新认识大学教师工作"量"的内涵,二要通过建立同行评议的工作量考核制度、充分尊重评价对象的学科多元性、实行"高门槛+低激励"评价模式等策略优化测量路径.
对7所民办高校的1 677名教师专业发展内在动力水平调查发现:民办高校教师专业发展内在动力水平较高;教师专业发展内在动力在性别、身份、年龄、教龄、职称方面存在显著差异;文化支持对教师专业发展内在动力水平影响最大,其次是社会评价,再次是制度支持.提升民办高校教师专业发展内在动力水平,要积极创设文化环境,提升教师专业发展信念;加强制度建设,健全教师专业发展运行机制;重视社会评价,助推教师专业发展内在动力.
"双高计划"旨在引领职业教育改革发展,主动服务国家战略和区域经济发展,逐步形成具有示范引领和显著发展特色的建设成效.通过解析空间生产理论在"双高"建设中的内涵意蕴,对197所"双高计划"建设单位中期建设成效的实践样态进行具体分析,审思"双高计划"未来的发展方向:教育空间与社会空间协同发展,打造特色专业群以创设发展空间,促进社会空间的正向重构,服务国家战略和区域经济发展空间,构建技能人才成长空间,拓展职业教育办学层次空间,推进学校教育空间和虚拟教育空间融合发展,实现教育空间和谐共享.
近年来,国内诸多依海而生、向海而兴的滨海城市,立足于当地资源禀赋,服务于经略海洋战略,竞相挖掘优势、整合资源、创新模式,做足科普"海文章",推动科普事业航向朝着"深蓝"进发.
