Young Marx’s concern about health issues is a preliminary exploration of the pathology of capitalism, which reflects his sympathy for laborers, the original theoretical intention of fighting for the rights of the poor, presents a view of nature that opposes design and creationism, and advocates viewing the theoretical quality of nature from the viewpoint of movement change, contains the theoretical spark of thinking the essence of the relationship between disease and health from the working people’s physical condition. It highlights Young Marx’s cognitive and theoretical level in his ideological exploration. The gradually formed scientific cognition is of continuity and consistency. It embodies the development of his thoughts leading to the materialistic and dialectical view of nature and the view of history, which is also associated with the initial link of Marx’s later scientific theory and is one of the starting points to understand the ideological preparation and theoretical characteristics of the Marxism, co-founded by Marx and Engels.
《史记》是司马迁创造的文化奇迹，是第一部纪传体中国古代通史，由于《史记》的问世和影响，史学才冲破传统经学体统，以独立的学科自立于中国古代学术之林。司马迁对前代文化经典的接受塑造了《史记》的文化品格，被鲁迅先生誉为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。《史记》所开创的叙事体例、语言表达范式、行文风格对后世叙事文学发挥了不可低估的示范性作用，作为文学经典进入世界文化的神圣殿堂。《文学经典的建构之路》一书系统深入地考察了自《史记》问世两千年来“以文学的名义”被接受、认知的文学经典建构之路，沿着这一研究路径，追溯、探索《史记》文学经典化的学术思想史，进而期待《史记》文学研究尤其是《史记》对叙事文学影响的进一步研究。
张载论"气",正所谓"立标以明道",在宋明儒家经典诠释及义理建构中堪称典范."气"不仅具有一般宇宙本体的形上意义,而且包括个体人格的塑造、伦理秩序的生成以及万物生生的伦理本体形态,并通过逻辑的方式推衍形成系统的义理结构."气"扩充、流行于天人之际所体现的自然属性与人文特质,以德性、伦理及秩序等方式在宇宙论的视野中肯定人、人性以及人道.于此,展开一个"生生"的伦理世界,又蕴蓄追寻至善的理想境界.
老子哲学从宇宙论的高度观察分析自然界与人类社会,以"道"为本,建立了一种抽象的整体宇宙生态观,凸显了其哲学生态思想极强的自然性.老子哲学原本是对其所处时代问题的思考和回应,当今部分学者和翻译家,立足于老子哲学产生的原生语境,进行历史研究、文字训诂研究和经典阐释研究,以求发现和恪守老子正义.在现代生态危机加剧的背景下,部分国外学者基于现代生态运动发展的需要,将西方"nature"的含义嫁接给老子哲学核心词"自然",并对其哲学生态思想进行发掘和拓展,强化了老子哲学的生态意义,从而使老子成为生态保护的先驱.
"性"是儒家哲学中的核心范畴.在早期儒家看来,"性"至少具有六层特质.从构字学角度看,"性"与"生"有关,指人初生的自然状态.从本原性角度看,能够生的东西,古人以为便是天,"性"乃天性.从质料性角度看,天能生又与气有关,天含有气并能生物,"性"含气.从物理性角度看,气具有物理属性,"性"含气,因而"性"具物理属性.从规定性的角度看,材质有质的属性,"性"即是人之为人者.同时,"性"始终与"心""情""欲""命"等范畴纠缠着,这表明早期儒家人性范畴的复杂多变.
