目的 探讨军队干休所离退休干部生活照料现状及其相关影响因素.方法 采用整群抽样、横断面调查方法,调查驻京部队干休所60岁及以上离退休干部的社会人口学信息、生活照料方式、业余活动及各系统慢性病史.结果 增龄、不良婚姻状况、既往脑梗死和眼底病变史均为离退休干部生活照料需求增加的独立危险因素,OR值分别为2.258和1.256;1.515和1.094(P＜ 0.001).积极参与体育锻炼和社会活动,以及受教育程度高均显著降低离退休干部的生活照料需求,OR值分别为0.082、0.826、0.708.结论 增龄和慢性疾病是导致老人生活照料需求增加的首要因素,有效的慢病防控、健康积极的生活方式,有助于改善老年人的健康状况、维持躯体功能,减轻生活照料所造成的社会经济压力,具有积极的意义.

Background: The awareness, treatment and prevention of chronic diseases are generally poor among the elderly population of China, whereas the prevention and control of chronic diseases in elderly veteran communities have been ongoing for more than 30 years. Therefore, investigating the awareness status of chronic disabling neurological diseases (CDND) and common chronic diseases (CCD) among elderly veterans may provide references for related programs among the elderly in the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterans ≥60 years old in veteran communities in Beijing. The awareness of preventive strategies against dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), sleep disorders, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and CCD such as hypertension, and the approaches used to access this information, including media, word of mouth (verbal communication among the elderly) and health care professionals, were investigated via face-to-face interviews. Results: The awareness rates for CCD and CVD were approximately 100%, but that for AD was the lowest at <10%. The awareness rates for sleep disorders, PD and dementia, were 51.0–89.4%. Media was the most commonly selected mode of communication by which veterans acquired knowledge about CCD and CVD. Media was used by approximately 80% of veterans. Both health care professionals and word of mouth were used by approximately 50% of veterans. With respect to the source of information about CDND excluding AD, the rates of the use of health care professionals, word of mouth and media were 10.6–28.2%, 56.5–76.5%, and approximately 50%, respectively. Conclusions: The awareness of CDND among elderly veterans was significantly lower than that of CCD. More information about CDND should be disseminated by health care professionals. Appropriate guidance will promote the rapid and extensive dissemination of information about the prevention of CDND by media and word-of-mouth peer education.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the risk factors on the functional dependence between the oldest-old and elderly veterans.METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterans ( ≥ 60 years of age) lived in 44 veterans' communities in Beijing. The socio-demographic information and history of non-communicable chronic diseases were collected via face-to-face interviews, and the functional status was assessed by the 20-item version of the Activities of Daily Living Scale.RESULTS:The risk factors associated with increased hazard of the functional dependence in the oldest-old ( ≥ 80 years old) were cognitive impairment, extrapyramidal diseases, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, sleep disorders, hypnotics, osteoarthrosis, hypertension and fall with the odds ratio (OR) of 1.241-2.962 (all P < 0.05). Stroke, depression, cognitive impairment, extrapyramidal diseases, sleep disorders, hypnotics, fall, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthrosis and hearing loss were the risk factors for that in the elderly subjects (aged 60-79 years). The OR was 1.232-5.790 (all P < 0.05). However, avocational activities such as social activity, physical exercise, photography, reading and games, decreased the risk of functional dependence in both the oldest-old and elderly people.CONCLUSIONS:Neuropsychiatric disorders are the leading causes contributed to the functional dependence among oldest-old and elderly population. Neurodegenerative diseases in the oldest-old, stroke and depression in elderly people should be the priorities in ameliorating disability. Healthy lifestyle and avocational activities could improve the functional status of the oldest-old and elderly population.

Objective To explore the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive impairment in elderly veterans.Methods Three hundred twenty five veterans aged over 60 years from 6 military sanatorium in Beijing city were evaluated with Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),Mini-mental state examination(MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)from January 2010 to December 2011.Results The mean score of PSQI was(5.66±4.27),and the amount of sleep disorders was 102,the prevalence was 31.38%.The amount of veterans with cognitive impairment was 95,the prevalence was 29.23%,the amount of veterans with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer′s disease were 82 and 13 respectively.The occurrence of cognitive impairment was higher in sleep disorders patients than that in control.The correlation analysis was negative between some items of PSQI and MoCA.Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorder in elderly veterans was high,and there was correlation between sleep quality and cognitive impairment.

Objective To study the influence of risk factors in retired veteran male with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods 321 cases aged 60 and over of retired veteran male from 6 military sanatorium in Beijing city were studied.The score of mini mental state examination(MMSE),the Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),global deterioration scale(GDS),clinical dementia rating scale(CDR),activity of daily living(ADL),Hachinski ischemic scale(HIS),Hamilton depression scale and the risk factors were detected and analyzed.Results The prevalence of MCI was 25.7% in retired veteran male.The history of smoking and drinking,aging,hypertension,diabetes influenced the incidence of MCI(P< 0.05).The hobby of exercise in last year,education level,hypoperfusion,insomnia,exposure to electromagnetic wave,mental scar history were not risk factors of MCI(P> 0.05).Conclusions Aging and history of smoking,hypertension,diabetes may be the important risk factors for MCI.

目的了解不同护理模式对病毒性肝炎焦虑、抑郁状态的影响,为防治病毒性肝炎焦虑、抑郁提供理论依据。方法将100例病毒性肝炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组50例。观察组实施以患者为中心的护理模式,对照组给予常规护理服务。采用医院焦虑-抑郁情绪自评量表(HAD)测试。比较两组患者焦虑、抑郁状态的变化情况。结果病毒性肝炎患者的焦虑情绪发生率为66%,抑郁情绪发生率为57%。实施不同护理模式后,观察组焦虑情绪发生率为33%,抑郁情绪发生率为24%;对照组焦虑情绪发生率为58%,抑郁情绪发生率为49%。与护理前相比,护理后两组患者的焦虑、抑郁发生率均显著降低(P<0.05),护理后观察组焦虑、抑郁发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论病毒性肝炎患者产生焦虑抑郁情绪较普遍,以患者为中心的护理模式能明显降低其焦虑、抑郁的发生率,有利于患者的康复。

Objective To study the correlation of the serum test index and the progonosis in severe viral hepatitis and the nursing methods.Methods 60 cases with severe viral hepatitis hospitalized in the period from Jan.,2008 to May,2009 were selected to form the observation group and 60 normal the control group;related treatment and nursing were performed,and then the levels of CHE,PTA,Chol,AFP,CRP and complement C3 of the cases in both groups were detected and the results were analyzed.Results The levels of CHE,PTA,Chol and complement C3 of the cases in observation group were much lower than those in control group and the difference was of significance (P<0.01);the levels of CRP and AFP of the patients in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01);a bigger difference of the levels existed between the cases who died at last and the survivals.Conclusions The levels of CHE,PTA,Chol,AFP,CRP and complement C3 of the patients with severe viral hepatitis are greatly correlated to the prognosis.

The end-to-side with piperazine methoxy ended piperazine-modified silicone oil was obtained with low viscosity α,ω-hydroxy-poly dimethyl siloxane(commonly known as linear),3-propyl methyl piperazine-dimethoxy silane(GP-108)and its hydrolysis as raw materials,methyl ammonium hydroxide as catalyst,through polymerization and degradation balance reaction.The optimum conditions of synthesis is that m(WS-62M):m(GP-108 hydrolysate):m(GP-108)= 56.3∶2∶1,the reaction temperature is 95~105 ℃,the polymerization reaction time 2 h,and degradation and balance reaction time is 1 h.The piperazine-modified silicone oil microemulsion is made from heterogeneous alcohol(1340 and 1380)as emulsifier,then used for light-colored cotton fabric.The results show that the piperazine-based silicone fluid microemulsion applied to fabric finishing,it can give better soft,smooth,anti-yellow degeneration and hygroscopicity on fabric.

体育理论化教学是警察院校体育教学的发展方向,这不仅是警察院校体育教学目的的需要,同时也是高校体育教学规律使然。但警察院校体育理论化教学并不单纯地等同于增加理论课时,只有将理论教学渗透于实践教学之中,充分展现理论化教学的丰富性、回归性和关联性才是警察院校体育理论化教学的实质所在。

运用警察公共关系的理论和方法,实施品牌战略,能帮助公安机关构建和谐警营。其中,树立品牌观念,实施品牌战略,可以创造警察品牌团队;树立品牌文化,重视概念价值,会促进警心和谐;坚持以民为本,提升感觉价值,能促进警民和谐;坚持文明高效,完善物质价值,以实现制度和谐。

This article analyzed the system structure model of physical education curriculum system,put forward a systemic engineering method based on both soft system and hard system,and then brought in a hierarchical control pattern "system-groups-sub groupscurriculum" with an optimization method for multi-curriculum.Finally,it has been proved effective by practice.

The spirit of the campus is the core of the campus culture. Police's universities and colleges should get hold of this specialty of campus spirit in the cultural construction of the campus, establish the principle of police's cultural construction of the campus, and promote cultural spirit of the police campus through the absorption of the traditional culture marrow correctly,.

It is well known that proper additives can improve the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixture.However,it is still not clear whether or not aging has any effect on the improvement.In view of this,laboratory tests were conducted on AC—13F asphalt concrete to investigate the effect of aging on moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixture containing hydrated lime and anti-stripping additives.Test results and analyses show that both hydrated lime and anti-stripping additives can significantly improve the moisture susceptibility of the mixture.For the mixture with hydrated lime,both requirements of retained Marshal Stability MS_0≥80% and Tensile Strength Ratio TSR≥75% in the current specification can be basically met at all unaged,short-term aged and long-term aged conditions.On the other hand,for the mixture with anti-stripping,the requirements can not be met at long-term aged conditions.Aging may worsen the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixture.For the mixture with hydrated lime,long-term aging may reduce MS_0 and TSR by 3% and 6%,respectively;while for the mixture with anti-stripping,the reductions are 20% and 13%,or 17% and 7% higher than for the former.