Objective. To analyse research trends and developments in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) immunotherapy through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of literature from 2003 to 2023. Methods. Publications related to RA immunotherapy were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection database using specified search terms. Bibliometric analysis was performed with VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Pajek, and R packages to examine publication patterns, international collaborations, research hotspots, and emerging trends. Analysis covered publication outputs, country contributions, institutional networks, and keyword evolution patterns. Results. Analysis based on a total of 940 publications showcased that the associated researches featured exponential growth (R2=0.885) over the study period. The United States led with 285 publications (30.3%), followed by China (187, 19.9%) and Germany (156, 16.6%). International collaboration intensity increased, with average collaborating countries per paper rising from 1.8 to 2.7. Research focus evolved through three phases: fundamental immunology (2003-2010), therapeutic development (2011-2017), and precision medicine (2018-2023). Current hotspots encompassed immunomodulation mechanisms (38% of keywords), immune-related adverse events management, as well as cancer immunity interactions. Emerging trends highlighted nanotechnology applications and microbiome research, with respective growth rates of 218% and 245% in recent years. Conclusion. This analysis revealed significant evolution in RA immunotherapy research, characterised by increasing international collaboration and meth odological sophistication. The involved fields displayed a clear transition from basic immunological research to precision medicine approaches. Emerging hotspots in nanotechnology and microbiome studies suggested promising therapeutic innovations. These findings were seen to provide valuable guidance for future research fields and resource allocation in RA immunotherapy.

This present study aims to explore the potential impact of cell phone radiation on T lymphocytes in mice. One hundred twenty-eight healthy male BALB/C mice (2-3 weeks old) were randomly distributed into four groups: blank control, control, TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced groups, respectively, with 32 mice in each group. Mice were exposed to phone radiation for 2-8 weeks. 8 mice in each group were taken out for measurement, and given exposure periods were 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. Flow cytometry was performed for the examination of T lymphocyte subsets, molecular and cell biological techniques were carried out to detect the apoptosis and transformation of T lymphocytes, respectively, while the enzyme-labelled immune technique was conducted to measure the cytokines secreted by T lymphocytes. The results showed that the percentage of CD4 T lymphocyte subsets was similar among the 4 groups during the entire exposure period, and so were the CD8 T lymphocyte subsets. Compared to the 2 sham groups, the apoptosis ratios of T lymphocytes in the TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced groups increased significantly after more than six weeks of exposure, while the transformation rates decreased significantly. The impacts of radiation on apoptosis and transformation are time-dependent. The concentrations of IL-10 and IL-12 remained unchanged in the 2 control groups during the entire experimental period. Compared to the 2 control groups, the concentrations of IL-10 in the 2 exposure groups decreased significantly, while the concentrations of IL-12 increased statistically. Furthermore, the decrease in IL-10 lagged behind the increase in IL-12. Therefore, it could be deduced that radiation from mobile phones resulted in T lymphocyte injury, and this adverse effect was seemingly more severe as the radiation exposure continued. Additionally, cell phone radiation was seen to suppress the secretion of IL-10 while enhancing the production of IL-12.

This present study aims to explore the potential impact of cell phone radiation on innate immunity in mice. Ninety-six male BALB/C mice aged 2-3 weeks were randomly distributed into 4 groups as blank control, control, TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced respectively, with 32 mice in each group. Mice were designed to be exposed to cell phone radiation for 4-8 weeks. Eight mice in each group were taken out for measurement given exposure periods were 4, 6 and 8 weeks respectively. Cell biological technique was conducted to assess the chemotaxis of neutrophils, and a morphological method was performed for the detection of phagocytosis of neutrophil and macrophage, while microbiological means was carried out to test the relative activity of lysozyme in serum of mice. As a result, the chemotaxis ratio of neutrophils was with little statistical difference among the four groups given a shorter exposure period. However, the ratios in TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced groups were decreased significantly on the condition that the exposure period was more than 6 weeks. No statistical difference was observed among the four groups during the entire exposure period in terms of the chemotaxis index. Phagocytosis of the innate cells as neutrophil and macrophage showed little change in the two control groups during the whole experimental stages, while the percentage in the two treated groups decreased statistically, and this kind of reduction was prone to feature time dependence. The activities of lysozyme in TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced groups declined significantly, further to that, the impact was climbing paralleled with the prolonged duration. It could be deduced that radiation from cell phones could weaken innate immunity in experimental mice; moreover, this adverse effect was seemingly more severe as the radiation exposure continued.

目的 了解云南地区蝙蝠轮状病毒的基因组特征和进化关系,并分离病毒.方法 采集84只云南地区蝙蝠,经解剖后收集肠道组织,混合为3个样本库后进行高通量测序.病毒全基因组扩增采用RT-PCR和RACE方法,使用RVA自动分型工具进行分型.采用MA104细胞分离培养病毒株.结果 高通量测序结果显示1个样本库中存在A组轮状病毒相关的序列.随后成功分离该蝙蝠轮状病毒并扩增获得全长或接近全长的11条基因组序列.基因组分型结果显示该病毒株属于G3-P[3]-18-R3-C3-M3-A9-N3-T3-E3-H6基因型,命名为CHYNC82.序列分析表明,CHYNC82的4条基因片段(VP1、NSP2、NSP3和NSP4)与蝙蝠病毒株MYAS33和MSLH14亲缘关系近且进化树聚为一支;VP2与人09US7118株和猿猴TUCH株进化距离最近,处于同一进化树枝;VP6和NSP1与已知病毒同源性较低,但与蝙蝠和人来源轮状病毒具有共同进化起源;而剩余4条基因片段(VP7、VP4、VP3和NSP5)与人类病毒株包括CMH222株和MS2015-1-0001株具有最高同源性,且处于同一进化树枝.结论 推测CHYNC82是经人、猿猴和蝙蝠来源的病毒株跨种属传播产生的重配RVA株,有机会性跨种传播感染人类的可能.

The present research aims to explore the potential impact of mobile phone radiation on bone marrow haematopoietic stem cell in mice. 160 male BALB/C mice aged 3–4 weeks were randomly distributed into 4 groups as blank control, control, TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced respectively, with 40 mice in each group. Mice were designed to receive cell phone radiation for 2–8 weeks. 10 mice in each group were taken out for examinations given radiation exposure periods were 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks respectively. Then terminal deoxynuclotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick-end labelling technique was conducted to detect the apoptosis of stem cell, and morphological method was carried out for the examination of micronucleus and subpopulations of bone marrow haematopoietic stem cell, while enzyme immune technique was performed to analyse the subsets of T lymphocyte. As a result, no statistical differences were discovered on issues of apoptosis and micronucleus during the entire experimental period in the 2 sham radiation control groups. Notwithstanding similar results were seen in TD-SCDMA and LTE-Advanced groups after exposed to radiation for 2 or 4 weeks, apoptosis began to be enhanced and micronucleus to be increased given the mice experience longer exposure as 6 or 8 weeks. There were virtually negligible effects on subpopulations of stem cell, as well as on subsets of T lymphocyte of peripheral blood during the entire experimental period in the 4 groups. It could be concluded that long-term radiation from cell phone could induce apoptosis of haematopoietic stem cell in mice; moreover, it seems to stimulate the formation of micronucleus, yet with even negligible effect on the proportions of stem cell subpopulations and peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets.

轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是引起急性肠胃炎的主要病原体,分析RV感染患者的人外周血单个核细胞(Peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC)中差异表达基因(Differentially expressed genes,DEGs)有利于探讨人PBMC在清除RV中的作用.为此,本研究采集2019年2月-2019年6月长春儿童医院中RV感染患者和健康儿童血液,分离PBMC,通过转录组测序(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq)技术比较RV感染患者与健康儿童之间的RNA表达图谱,借助基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)数据库功能富集分析、京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)、Reactome通路富集分析DEGs,使用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time quantitative PCR,qPCR)技术进行验证.结果 显示,与健康对照组相比,RV感染轻症患者PBMC中有1619个DEGs;重症患者PBMC中有2816个DEGs,主要与干扰素(Interferon,IFN)反应、中性粒细胞、溶酶体、核小体、染色质等相关.qPCR验证轻症患者干扰素刺激基因(IFN-stimulated genes,ISGs)15表达上调,白介素(Interleukin,IL)1β表达下调;重症患者IL15、ISG15表达上调,IL1β表达下调,与转录组结果相一致.本研究提示,RV感染可能激活人Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型IFNs反应抵御病毒感染,但也会抑制溶酶体相关基因,对细胞自噬过程产生影响.

目的:检测瘢痕子宫患者外周血T淋巴细胞Th1/Th2型细胞因子分泌水平,探讨瘢痕子宫形成的可能免疫学机制.方法:选择108例瘢痕子宫患者作为瘢痕子宫组,126例非瘢痕子宫患者作为对照组,分别测定并比较两组外周血T淋巴细胞分泌Th1/Th2型细胞因子水平.结果:瘢痕子宫患者组外周血中T淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ和IL-12水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义;瘢痕子宫患者组外周血中T淋巴细胞分泌IL-4和IL-10水平同对照组比较,差异不具有统计学意义.结论:瘢痕子宫的形成可能与Th1介导的细胞免疫功能异常增强有关.

Objective:To examine the efficacy of heat and ultraviolet (UV) radiation in disinfecting rotavirus (RV), so as to provide technical basis for environmental disinfection of RV.Methods:The disinfection effect on RV was calculated by the method of median tissue culture infective dose (TCID 50) using the change of nucleic acid titer after treatment with heat or UV. Results:There was no significant change in viral activity of RV at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The disinfection effect could be achieved when RV was treated at 56 ℃ and above for 10 min. Radiation of 7 min at the distance of 15 cm or 30 cm from the UV light source could disinfect the RV, and treatment for 10 min at the 15 cm distance or 15 min at 30 cm could inactivate RV. Disinfection could be achieved by treatment for 30 min at a distance of 1 m from the UV light source or 60 min at a distance of 2 m.Conclusions:RV can be effectively disinfected by 56 ℃ or above, or by close to UV radiation. It is recommended to prolong the disinfection time for long distance from the UV light source. This provides a reference method for disinfecting and inactivating RV.

Objective:To test the disinfection effects of heating and ultraviolet on murine norovirus (MNV), so as to improve disinfection measures to prevent human norovirus (HuNV) infection.Methods:The disinfection effects of heating and ultraviolet on MNV under different temperatures, different action times and other conditions were tested by median tissue culture infective dose (TCID 50). Results:MNV remained active at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 14 d, or at 37 ℃ for 5 d. Effective disinfection of MNV can be achieved by heating at 56 °C for 30 min, at 58 °C for 5 min, or at 60 °C for 1 min. Irradiation of MNV for 7.5 min at a distance of 15 cm or 30 cm from the ultraviolet light source, or for 60 min at a distance of 1 m or 2 m from the ultraviolet light source generated the same disinfection effects.Conclusions:Both heating and ultraviolet had effective disinfection capability of MNV, and can provide reference methods and evidences for disinfection and inactivation of HuNV.

人星状病毒(Human astrovirus,HAstV)、肠道腺病毒(Enteric adenovirus,EAdV)是引起急性胃肠炎的两种常见病原体,目前尚未实现这两种病原体荧光定量RT-PCR的单管双重检测.为建立一种灵敏特异的双重荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法并应用于实验室样本检测,本研究选择HAstV、EAdV特异性引物和探针,优化反应体系和反应条件,并对该方法的灵敏性、特异性和稳定性进行评价.结果 显示,该方法针对HAstV和EAdV的检出限分别可以达到522拷贝/μL和53.5拷贝/μL;与多种常见和罕见的人腹泻病毒没有交叉反应;批内和批间等重复性实验变异系数均小于5％;灵敏度高于常规PCR.本研究提示,建立的HAstV、EAdV双重荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法具有较好的灵敏度、特异性和稳定性,可用于实验室HAstV和EAdV的快速筛查.

2019 年 12 月 8 日 ,武汉市卫健委通报首例新型冠状病毒感染病例 ,2020 年 1 月 20 日 ,国务院将新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)纳入法定传染病 . 疫情发生后 ,各级政府迅速行动 ,开展了积极的预防措施 ,普通人群也根据卫生部门发布的预防措施积极防护 ,这些措施的实施对于控制新型冠状病毒传播 、有效控制疫情发挥了积极作用并取得了显著效果 . 对于传染性疾病的预防 ,主要从控制传染源 、切断传播途径及保护易感人群三条途径进行 ,本文就此次新型冠状病毒感染预防措施进行分析 .

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)康复期核酸检测阳性是一个值得警惕的问题.其可能包括实时荧光逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术因素、呼吸道纤毛上皮损伤致排出功能降低及分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)结合病毒的解离多种原因.由于核酸检测靶点为病毒核酸片段,并不能反映标本中是否含感染性的完整病毒颗粒,有必要通过病毒培养或双位点抗体夹心法来评估COVID-19患者康复期核酸检测阳性的意义.

人B组轮状病毒曾在我国发生过散发和暴发流行,近年来在世界多个国家也均有报道.为建立一种灵敏和特异的人B组轮状病毒荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法,本研究针对人B组轮状病毒NSP3片段保守区设计和筛选特异性引物和探针,优化反应体系和反应条件,并对该方法的灵敏性、特异性、稳定性进行评价.结果显示,该方法针对人B组轮状病毒检出限可以达到6.28拷贝/μL;与多种常见和罕见的人腹泻病毒没有交叉反应;批内和批间等重复性试验变异系数均小于5％.本研究建立的人B组轮状病毒荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、稳定性好、检出率高,可作为一种新的技术手段应用于人B组轮状病毒的快速筛查与诊断.

①目的调查细菌性阴道炎病原菌分布情况,为细菌性阴道炎疫苗研制提供实验依据.②方法 取门诊初步诊断为细菌性阴道炎患者标本常规镜检及五联卡检测,阳性标本细菌培养后进行生化反应及实时荧光定量PCR鉴定,直方图描述病原菌频数分布.③结果 168例细菌性阴道炎标本中共分离136株致病菌,主要包括凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌44株、大肠埃希菌38株,肺炎克雷伯菌26株.④结论 引起细菌性阴道炎的主要病原菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌.

Aiming at boosting the inclusive learning of Medical Immunology for clinical medicine majors under the circumstance of COVID-19 pandemic, the innovative practice of preventive and therapeutic measures for COVID-19 integrated into online teaching was conducted by Immunological team Theories which uphold such measures were explored by students in online class It ignited the enthusiasm of students to take part in online discussion actively, enhanced and consolidated their comprehension on immunology by such implemention Meanwhile, students benefited from the innovation in the following aspects as culturing of independent thinking, and abilities of tackling practical problems on textbook theory applications as well as better understanding of measures to contain virus issued by Chinese government

目的:探讨血清25-羟维生素D(25OH-D)的水平变化与皮肌炎相关肺间质病变(DM-ILD)的相关性.方法:选择2015年3月至2017年2月于我院风湿科就诊的81例DM-ILD患者作为研究对象(研究组),以同期就诊的82例DM患者和80例健康志愿者分别作为对照组和健康对照组,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分别检验各组血清25OH-D水平,分析25OH-D水平在各组之间的差异.结果:研究组血清25OH-D水平均明显低于对照组和健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组血清25OH-D水平明显低于健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组中血清25OH-D水平非正常患者为97.53％明显高于对照组的43.90％(P=0.035),且研究组中血清25OH-D水平处于"严重缺乏"和"缺乏"患者的比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:DM-ILD患者血清25OH-D偏低与DM-ILD具有密切的关系,对DM-ILD的诊断具有一定临床价值.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of cell phone radiation on neutrophil of mice. Materials and methods: 40 male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into four groups as control, blank control, TD-CDMA, and LTE-advanced groups, respectively. Mice were exposed to cell phone radiation for a period of 6 weeks. Then numbers of neutrophil were detected by fully automatic hematology analyzer. Soft agar diffusion method was performed to assess the chemotaxis of neutrophils while the phagocytosis of neutrophils was determined by measuring the staphylococcus albus phagocytosis percentage. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: No significant differences were observed among the control and exposure groups regarding the numbers of neutrophils after 2 weeks' exposure to cell phone radiation, while the numbers of neutrophils in TD-SCDMA and LTE-advanced groups were seen to rise after an exposure of 4 or 6 weeks. No effect was observed on chemotaxis of neutrophils due to phone radiation. The phagocytosis of neutrophils was decreased while the apoptosis were increased both in TD-SCDMA and LTE-advanced groups after 6 weeks exposure. Conclusions: Mobile phone radiation could give rise to increase of neutrophil numbers yet with no effect whatever on neutrophils chemotaxis, and the radiation was likely to cause decrease of phagocytosis and induced apoptosis of neutrophils.

[目的]研究芒柄花黄素对实验小鼠免疫功能的影响.[方法]取SPF级雄性昆明小鼠40只,随机分为低、中、高剂量芒柄花黄素试验组和对照组,连续注射芒柄花黄素4周后检测各组小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、小鼠脾细胞凋亡率及转化率、小鼠血清中溶菌酶、IgG、IFN-γ及IL-4的含量.[结果]中、高剂量芒柄花黄素组小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬率及血清溶菌酶含量高于对照组及低剂量组,差异显著(P<0.05).低、中、高剂量芒柄花黄素组小鼠脾细胞凋亡率低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05).中、高剂量组小鼠脾细胞转化率高于低剂量组及对照组,差异显著(P<0.05).中、高剂量芒柄花黄素组小鼠血清IgG含量高于对照组及低剂量组,差异显著(P<0.05).低、中、高剂量芒柄花黄素组小鼠血清中IL-4含量高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),而小鼠血清中IFN-γ含量在各组间差异不显著(P>0.05).[结论]芒柄花黄素可以提高小鼠的固有免疫功能,抑制脾细胞凋亡并提高其转化率.

近年来,分子生物学技术逐渐应用于医学研究、疾病诊断及治疗,但与之相关的问题也越来越多地显现出来.由于目前人类认知水平的局限,尚不能对分子生物学技术尤其是基因调控及改造技术的应用给人类带来的严重后果做出准确的评估.本文对分子生物学技术在医学中的应用及潜在风险进行分析,认为应该对分子生物学技术进行有限制、有程度的研究及开发.

Objective To describe the frequency distribution of immunological experimental techniques applied in biomedical papers,so to analysis the application scope of different immomological experimental techniques.Methods All papers of 197 kinds of medical journals were read from 2014to2016,and the distribution frequency were drawed accoring to the types of immunological technique.Results There were 2017articles(32.09%)involved immological techniques among the 6286 articles,the application of the most were immunological analysis technique,furthmore,flow cytometry and enzyme labelled immunoassay were the most popular used in the single experimental technique.ConclusionFlow cytometry and enzyme labelled immunoassay are the most frequency used immunological techniques in biological medical study.