In this paper, we study the symmetry on a class of multiparameter Markov processes and obtain some interesting results. It is very important for us to research and apply some multiparameter stochastic processes.

In this paper, we study a very interesting problem, that is, symmetry of the two parameters s,t>0 for a two‐parameter homogeneous transition function and obtain some important and interesting results.

复合Poisson单是一种特殊的两参数独立增量过程,也是最典型的状态离散的两参数马氏过程.为解决复合Poisson单的可加性及其在两参数的保险索赔等情况中的应用问题,我们尝试应用特征函数的方法,对复合Poisson单的可加性进行研究.研究结果表明,复合Poisson单具有可加性,并且在实际生活中具有较为广泛的应用.

In this paper, we consider a relation between two‐parameter and one‐parameter transition functions for Markov processes and obtain a very useful result to be regarded as relation theorem. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effects of pseudomonas aerug PA-MSHA vaccine on cytoimmunity in advanced gastric cancer patients. Methods Seventy two patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Tumor bed was treated intraoperatively by pseudomonas vaccine injection in experimental group.The venous bloods were sampled prior to surgery (preoperative) and on days 10,20,and 30 postoperatively.The total lymphocyte count and lymphocyte subpopulations were detected while the postoperative complications and adverse drug reaction were observed,prognosis was evaluated. Results The total lymphocyte count(P =0.042) and the counts ofCD3+ lymphocyte(P =0.027) and NK cell increased (P =0.012) obviously in experimental group.CD8+ lymphocyte decreased(P =0.037),but the counts of CI4+ lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ were not significantly different.Complications were not significantly different in the two groups.One year survival rate was longer ( 94.9％ ) in experimental group than that in the control group ( 83.3％ ) ( P =0.022 ).Conclusions Peritoneal cavity administration with pseudomonas aerug vaccine was safe,and effectively helps regulate cytoimmunity in postoperative patients of advanced gastric carcinoma. Key words: Vaccines

Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma is a recently characterized tumor showing features of myofibroblastic differentiation that is part of the spectrum of malignant mesenchymal tumors. This extremely rare type of tumor occurs most commonly in superficial locations. The case we describe herein is that of a 60-year-old man with two large hepatic masses. The patient’s tumor was removed radically through an incision due to the inconclusive imaging findings. Follow-up computed tomography showed no recurrence and metastasis after 37 months, suggesting that enucleation was adequate for tumor eradication. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma in the liver in the English language literature.

In this paper, we research some properties of the total probability of a two‐parameter generalized transition function and obtain some important and interesting results.

Objective To explore the diagnosis,treatment and prognostic factors of hepatocellular adenoma.Methods Patients of hepatocellular adenoma in 13 cases confirmed pathologically were treated from January 1990 to November 2008.Corresponding clinical records were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the thirteen patients,most patients present asymptomatic history(9/13),following the presence of right upper quadrant pain (3/13).Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was negative in all the patients.Approximate one in ten cases were correctly diagnosed by imaging examinations preoperatively.Surgical treatment was performed in 13 patients with RO resection.One patient took TACE rather than operation for great volume of the mass.Recurrence was discovered in a patient after 11 years.Conclusions Most cases of hepatocellular adenoma have no typical clinical features and the positive result of diagnosis is relatively low by imaging examinations.The region of hepatocellular adenoma shows a propensity for the segment of Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅷ(64.3%).Surgical resection is the mainstay of the treatment of liver sarcoma,other methods such as TACE or close observation can be taken into consideration as well.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver (FNH).Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with pathologically confirmed FNH treated in our hospital from 1997 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.Results For the 32 FNH patients, 21 (65.6%) were under 40 years old, 23 (71.9%) were male and 19 (59.4%) were asymptomatic.The alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was negative in all the patients.Twenty-nine patients had single focus with a mean diameter of 3.0 cm (1.0-8.0 em).The correct diagnostic rate of the disease by BUS, CT, MRI and contrast enhanced ultrasound was 6.5%(2/31), 45.5%(10/22), 80.0%(4/5) and 50.0%(2/4), respectively.Conclusion CT and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis of FNH and their com-bination with imaging methods can improve the diagnostic rate.Surgical resection should be suggested to patients with symptoms, indefinite diagnosis or tumor growth.

A bilateral inequality on the Borel–Cantelli lemma in [Xie, Y.Q., 2008. A bilateral inequality on the Borel–Cantelli lemma. Statist. Probab. Lett. 78, 2052–2057] is improved and extended to the case of a bounded nonnegative sequence of random variables.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of EGC patients,especially the relationship between prognosis and tumor size.Methods Clinical data of 119 EGC cases from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The overall 5-year survival rate was 90.9%.and the survival rate of patients with tumor D＜2 cm.2 cm≤D＜4 cm and D≥4 cm respectively was 100%,92.0%and 80.8%(P=0.024).In this group,tumor stage,lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion depth did not affect the survival statistically.There was no correlation between tumor size and other prognostic factors.Conclusion Tumor size is an independent prognostic factor of patients with EGC,which may have some relevance to the surgical approach of EGC.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the methods of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for patients with recurrent breast phyllodes tumor. METHODS:Clinicopathological data of 26 patients with pathologically proven recurrent phyllodes tumors treated from March 1972 to June 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS:The mean age of the 26 cases was 45 years, and the median follow-up duration was 83 months. The mean overall survival time of this series was 96 months. The primary breast phyllodes tumor was > or = 5 cm in 10 cases with a recurrence rate of 60.0% (6/10 cases); < 5 cm in 16 cases with a recurrence rate of 31.3% 5/16 cases). After surgical removal of the breast primary tumor, the recurrent tumor was > or = 5 cm in 14 cases with a re-recurrence rate of 35.7% (5/14 cases); < 5 cm was in 12 cases with are-recurrence rate of 50.0% (6/12 cases). There was no statistically significant relationship between the (primary and reccurent) tumor size and recurrence rate (P = 0.094, P = 0.383) or prognosis (P = 0.142, P = 0.486). The benign or malignant nature of the breast phyllodes tumor was significantly correlated with the rate of local re-recurrence (P = 0.046) and prognosis (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION:The benign or malignant nature of the breast phyllodes tumor is significantly correlated with the local re-recurrence and prognosis, while the size of the primary breast phyllodes tumor has no significant effect on either re-recrruence or prognosis. The first rescue operation is most important in the treatment of recurrent breast phyllodes tumor. The resection margin should be wide enough. Active surgical treatment can still effectively save the life of the patients with a local re-recurrent tumor.

目的 探讨铜绿假单胞菌制剂对胃腺癌高转移MKN45细胞的作用及作用机制.方法 用流式细胞仪、软琼脂集落形成实验、细胞侵袭实验分别检测铜绿假单胞菌制剂对胃腺癌MKN45细胞的作用,并分析其作用机制.结论 铜绿假单胞菌制剂可抑制MKN45细胞的增殖,阻滞其G1期到S期的演进;并且可明显抑制该细胞的侵袭转移能力;降低其恶性程度,是腹腔免疲化疗胃癌腹水、腹腔脱落癌细胞及腹腔种植转移的较好选择.

Let A1,A2,… be a sequence of events satisfying the condition ∑i=1∞P(Ai)=∞, IAi be the indicator function for the event Ai, Sn=∑i=1nIAi, Tn=SnI(Sn>0)/ESn; we have an important bilateral inequality as follows: supp>0,p≠1lim supn→∞(ETnp)11−p⩽P(lim supAn)⩽infp<0lim infn→∞(ETnp)11−p and several of the well-known results on the generalizations of the Borel–Cantelli Lemma are special cases of this result.

理想化评价是一种新的评价技术,虚拟的理想值,通常由专家给定。本文应用相对变化率,对其进行弹性分析,给出计算公式和应用实例。结果表明:综合评价值对理想值的变化很敏感。应用理想化评价技术时,理想值的给定一定要符合实际。

OBJECTIVE: To meta analyze the clinical trait and surgical treatment of adenomatous (FAP) in China. METHODS: With familial adenomatous polyposis as search words, and with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria, related Chinese literatures published were retrieved. A meta analysis was carried out. RESULTS: The group included 137 male patients (59.3%) and 94 female patients (40.7%), male∶female=1.46∶1. A family history was found in 47.5% patients. The average age was 27.8 years, and there were 47.5% patients with malignant change, the average age of them was 35.9 years. The choice of operative procedures included total proctocolectomy with ileostomy in 60 cases (26.0%), subtotal colectomy+rectal electrocautery in 63 cases (27.3%), total colectomy or proctocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis in 12 cases (5.2%), total colectomy or proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in 19 cases (8.2%), subtotal colectomy +rectal mucosectomy, through the muscular sheath of rectum ileo-anal anastomosis in 22 cases (9.5%), ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in 47 cases (20.3%), and subtotal proctocolectomy in 8 cases (3.5%). CONCLUSIONS: FAP is one of the common heredofamilial diseases, but rare in literatures. The occurrence of is very early and it is with high rate of malignant change. The most common symptom is a change of stool habit. The diagnosis mainly depends on colonoscopy and lower G.I tract radiography. The surgical treatment should be choosed according to the situation of every patient. The prognosis of FAP is good in spite of malignant change or not.

In this paper, we prove that a power mean function has a continuous and bounded kth higher derivative, where k ≥ 1 is a positive integer. © 2008 Pushpa Publishing House.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis for the patients with breast phyllodes tumor.Methods Clinical data of 61 cases of phyllodes tumor pathologically proved were analyzed retrospectively.Results The mean age was 43 years.According to the histologic criteria of WHO,of the 61 cases,36 cases was benign,19 cas was borderline,and 10 cases was malignant.Thirty-four cases underwent local extended excision,18 cases underwent mastectomy,3 cases did mastectomy plus dermatoplasty,and 6 cases underwent modified radical mastectomy(one case had lymph mode metastasis).Thirteen cases had local recurrence or metastasis,and 4 patients died from metastasis.Conclusion Local extended excision or mastectomy is the initial choice for the treatment of the breast phyllodes tumor.If the preoperative examinations suggest axillary lymph node,the modified radical mastectomy is recommended.The operation is the main treatment of local recurrence,and the operational range should be enough.

In this paper,we apply the near limit matrix,the far limit matrix and the density matrix to give the general for-mula of a measurable transition matrix with three states {1,2,3}.

It is proved that, like the two state case, a family of homogeneous measurable tri-point tausition functions with three states have also three types: level constant type, vertical constant type, parameters symmetric type.