Objectives : Salivary duct stenoses account for approximately 15-25% of salivary gland obstructions. A well-recognized classification criterion for these stenoses has yet to be established. The present study aims to classify and characterize salivary duct stenoses based on sialography and sialendoscopy. Study Design : The sialograms and endoscopic findings in 307 patients presenting with primary salivary duct stenosis were respectively reviewed. The location, grade of luminal narrowing, length, and number of the stenoses were assessed, and stenosis severity of each gland was categorized. Results : Among 518 parotid glands (PGs) and 71 submandibular glands (SMGs) affected, stenosis severity was graded as mild in 11(1.9%), moderate in 283 (48.0%), severe I in 32 (5.4%), severe II in 98 (16.6%), and severe III in 165 (28.0%) of the glands. 89.6% of cases exhibited stenosis in bilateral homonymic glands. Of the 694 stenoses totally found, 22.0% were located in the distal, 23.1% in the distal-middle, 14.1% in the middle, 1.0% in the mid-proximal, 9.8% in the proximal, and 30.0% in the distal-middle-proximal segment. Stenosis severity was significantly higher in females than in males. A linear positive correlation was observed between age and stenosis severity. Significant differences were found in the luminal narrowing grade and location among stenoses of different lengths, as well as in the location, length, and luminal narrowing grade between stenoses of PGs and SMGs. Conclusion : A five-grade classification of salivary duct stenosis was proposed based on sialography and sialendoscopy, with a hope to provide a reference for treatment plan and prognosis evaluation.

Purpose : The early and accurate diagnosis of sarcomatous lesions holds significant importance for improving patient outcomes. This study aims to analyze the spiral CT imaging characteristics of osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma in the maxillofacial bones. Methods : The CT imaging features of patients with osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, or Ewing sarcoma were retrospectively identified and statistically analyzed. Results : A total of 163 patients were recruited, including 139 cases with osteosarcoma, 11 with chondrosarcoma, and 13 with Ewing sarcoma. The median ages of three lesions were 39, 54, and 14 years respectively (Kruskal-Wallis test). Osteosarcoma cases included 54 lesions in the maxilla, 83 in the mandible and 2 involving both. Chondrosarcoma lesions involved the maxilla in 3, the mandible in 3, and the temporomandibular joint region in 5 cases. Ewing sarcoma cases included 3 lesions in the maxilla and 10 in the mandible. Tumor size differed among three tumor types. The bone destruction patterns (osteoblastic, osteolytic and mixed) showed no significant differences among tumor types. However, χ2 test showed significant differences in the tumor matrix mineralization among three tumors: osteosarcoma predominantly exhibited spiculated (33.1%) and irregular plaque-like (39.6%); chondrosarcoma did not show tumor bone in 36.4% of cases; while Ewing sarcoma demonstrated spiculated tumor bone in 38.5% of cases. Characteristic widening of the periodontal ligament space was more frequently seen in osteosarcoma cases (59.5%, χ2 test) than that in chondrosarcoma (20%) or Ewing sarcoma (27.3%). Conclusion : CT imaging manifestations hold certain value in the diagnosis and differentiation of sarcomatous lesions in maxillofacial bones.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the etiology of chronic sialadenitis, and to analyze their clinical and imaging characteristics. METHODS:This retrospective analysis reviewed the clinical and imaging data of patients with chronic sialadenitis who underwent sialendoscopy at the Peking University Hospital of Stomatology between January 2021 and August 2023. INCLUSION CRITERIA:(1) with a history of recurrent swelling of major salivary glands; (2) complete medical records with detailed information about potential causes; (3) sialography images were available; and (4) patients had undergone interventional endoscopy. EXCLUSION CRITERIA:(1) salivary stones; (2) juvenile recurrent parotitis; (3) IgG4-related sialadenitis; (4) Sjögren syndrome; and (5) neoplastic diseases. Based on the latest research results and clinical data, chronic sialadenitis was classified into radioactive iodine-induced sialadenitis (RAIS), allergy-related sialodochitis (ARS), adult chronic recurrent parotitis (ACRP), sialadenosis with sialodochitis, and idiopathic sialadenitis. Idiopathic sialadenitis was defined as a type of chronic sialadenitis with duct stenosis of unknown etiology (allergic causes, autoimmune disorders, radioactive iodine exposure, history of "parotitis" in childhood, etc.). The proportions of five types of sialadenitis were calculated, and their relationships with age, gender, type of affected glands, number of affected glands, duration of symptoms, and imaging characteristics were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:A total of 544 consecutive patients diagnosed with chronic sialadenitis were enrolled in this study. They consisted of 192 males and 352 females, and their ages ranged from 14 to 83 years [mean age: (47.44±13.52) years]. Idiopathic sialadenitis accounted for the largest proportion (71.7%, 390 cases), followed by ARS (12.5%, 68 cases), RAIS (6.4%, 35 cases), ACRP (4.8%, 26 cases), and sialadenosis with sialodochitis (4.6%, 25 cases). Among the 2 176 available glands of the 544 patients, 1 120 (51.5%) glands were affected, including 880 (78.6%) parotid glands and 240 (21.4%) submandibular glands. These five types of sialadenitis exhibited significant differences in gender, age, type and number of affected glands, and duration of symptoms (P < 0.05). Among them, RAIS patients showed the lowest male to female ratio (male ∶ female=1 ∶ 4.83), ARCP patients were the youngest [(32.50±8.60) years], and RAIS and ARS patients had relatively higher number of affected glands. Sialography showed ductal atresia in 23.2% of affected glands with ARIS, "snowflake" pattern in 46.5% of affected glands with ARS, "punctate and globular" ectasia of terminal ducts in 80.4% of affected glands with ARCP, and clustered branch ducts in 71.4% of affected glands with sialadenosis with sialodochitis. Moreover, stenosis and/or dilatation of the main and branch ducts represented the most typical sialography appearance of idiopathic sialadenitis. CONCLUSION:Idiopathic sialadenitis, RAIS, ARS, ACRP, and sialadenosis with sialodochitis are the five common types of chronic sialadenitis. Among these, idiopathic sialadenitis is the most common type of chronic sialadenitis. Clarification of the etiology, clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of chronic sialadenitis is important for clinicians to develop personalized treatment plans and improve treatment outcomes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the microarchitecture and crystalline composition of sialoliths and to explore their formation mechanisms.MethodsSixty-six sialolith samples (51 from the submandibular glands and 15 from the parotid glands) were retrospectively collected. Their diameter and quality were measured. Micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and polycrystalline X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were utilized to determine their microstructure and crystalline composition.ResultsStone diameter and weight averaged at 9.6 mm and 0.31 g, respectively. Submandibular stones showed larger size and weight than parotid stones. Microstructurally, the main stones were concentric (n = 51) or mixed (n = 15). Most concentric stones occurred at submandibular glands, while 80% of the mixed stones were parotid stones. Stone surface exhibited three microscopic structures: lamellar, grape-like, and porous, indicating their differences in mineralization process and composition. XRD revealed that all stones contained hydroxyapatite, with 57 containing whitlockite. Concentration of hydroxyapatite in concentric stones was significantly higher than that in mixed stones (p = 0.036) and correlated positively with stone diameter (p = 0.001). The microstructure and crystalline composition of multiple and recurrent stones were similar to that of single stones.ConclusionSialoliths display pronounced diversity in microarchitecture and crystalline composition, reflecting the differences in mineralization process and local microenvironments among stones.

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the traditional histopathology, expression of allergy-related cytokines, and treatment results of eosinophilic sialodochitis (ES). METHODS:Fifty-four patients with suspected ES and six patients with chronic obstructive sialadenitis (COS) were prospectively enrolled. Terminal duct biopsy of the affected glands was performed concomitantly with endoscopy-assisted duct dilatation. For these samples, the hematoxylin-eosin stained sections were reviewed and graded according to the density of eosinophil infiltration. Moreover, immunohistochemical expressions of six types of Th2-type cytokines were semi-quantitatively analyzed. All these patients and 20 additional COS patients underwent routine endoscopic therapy and regular follow-up. RESULTS:The enrolled 60 specimens were classified as: positive subgroup (24/54), suspected subgroup (18/54), negative subgroup (12/54), and control group (six cases). There were significant differences in chemokine receptor-3 and mast cell tryptase in the grade proportions among different groups, and the expressions of interleukin 13, chemokine receptor-3, and mast cell tryptase were found to be associated with mucus plug secretion. During an average 11 months' follow-up, 10 patients (10/80) received systemic and/or local anti-allergy medication. The rate of good efficacy was 45.8% (11/24) in the positive subgroup, 77.8% (14/18) in the suspected subgroup, 75.0% (9/12) in the negative subgroup, and 84.6% (22/26) in the COS group (p = 0.019). Patients with mucus plug secretion (p = 0.019) and elevated immunoglobulin E/peripheral blood eosinophil (p = 0.027) exhibited lower efficacies. CONCLUSION:Allergic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ES, and eosinophil infiltration can be asynchronous with the process of immune reactions. Management of ES necessitates the integration of local and systemic anti-allergy strategies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level: 3.

Sialolithiasis is a relatively frequent occurrence, but the etiology of sialoliths remains unclear. Foreign bodies might enter the salivary duct and induce sialoliths by retrograde migration or penetrating trauma. Several reports have involved salivary duct stones formed around a foreign body, such as fishbone, vegetable seed, grass blade, et al. However, an iatrogenic foreign body-induced sialolith is scarcely reported. Thread lifting is a minimally invasive technique for facial rejuvenation with the advantages of short recovery, good-lifting and high satisfaction rate. The injury of the Stensen's duct was scarcely found in the complications of thread lifting. This paper reports three cases of sialoliths formed by the thread penetrating the Stensen's duct after facial thread lifting. These cases were treated successfully under endoscopy, though the lifting thread was not extracted in one case. The etiology of sialoliths is reviewed, and the complications of thread lifting are discussed.

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to identify imaging features of IgG4-related sialadenitis (IgG4-RS) and differentiate it from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and chronic obstructive parotid/submandibular sialadenitis (COP/COS). STUDY DESIGN:A retrospective analysis of sialographic findings was conducted on 40 IgG4-RS patients. Two radiologists blindly evaluated sialographic features, including ductal dilation, wall smoothness, duct interruption, acinar patterns, and glandular emptying. A comparative analysis with SS and COP/COS was also performed. RESULTS:Sialograms of 40 IgG4-RS patients (82 glands), 61 SS patients (71 glands), and 69 COP/COS patients (95 glands) were analyzed. Sialographic findings were categorized into four types: Type I (diminished/interrupted ducts without dilation), Type II (diminished/interrupted ducts with dilation), Type III (dilated main/branch ducts), and Type IV (normal appearance). In IgG4-RS, Type I and III were predominant in parotid glands, while Type I was more frequent in submandibular glands. Type II was most common in SS, and Type III in COP/COS. CONCLUSIONS:Sialography reveals distinct features in IgG4-RS, especially in submandibular glands, characterized by diminished or interrupted secondary and tertiary ducts without peripheral duct dilation, aiding differentiation from SS and COP/COS.

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the histopathological alterations in human salivary glands after radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for thyroid diseases.Study DesignWe retrospectively selected patients with a history of RAI treatment for thyroid diseases from a database of patients who underwent surgery for oral and maxillofacial diseases and had specimens of salivary glands at Peking University School of Stomatology between December 2012 and July 2023. The patients’ clinical records and histopathological slides of the salivary glands were carefully reviewed.ResultsSixteen patients were included. Three symptomatic patients showed duct cell cytoplasmic vacuolization and increased numbers of disordered duct cell layers (3/3), severe duct stenosis and dilation (2/3), and exfoliated epithelial cells in the duct lumen (1/3). The glandular parenchyma showed severe acinar atrophy (2/2), fat content enhancement (2/2), and severe periductal fibrosis (3/3). Thirteen asymptomatic patients showed duct cell cytoplasmic vacuolization (5/13), acinar atrophy and increased fat content in the parenchyma (5/13), and periductal fibrosis (5/13).ConclusionMain histopathologic changes in the salivary glands after RAI treatment for thyroid diseases are cytoplasmic vacuolization of duct cells, acinar atrophy, fat content enhancement, and periductal fibrosis. These changes were evident in symptomatic cases, and were also seen in some asymptomatic patients.

OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to explore the endoscopic characteristics of radioactive iodine-induced sialadenitis (RAIS), and to evaluate the treatment outcomes of endoscopic intervention for RAIS. STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective case series. METHODS:Eighty-two consecutive patients (11 males and 71 females) diagnosed as RAIS from Nov. 2012 to Sep. 2023 were retrospectively included. All patients underwent endoscopic exploration and intervention of the affected glands. The endoscopic features were collected, and treatment outcomes were followed-up and evaluated through post to pre-operative comparisons of gland status. RESULTS:Overall, endoscopic procedures were undertaken for 162 parotid glands (PGs) and 62 submandibular glands (SMGs). Endoscopy showed severe lumen stricture (49.3%) and ductal atresia (23.5%) in PGs, as well as severe stenosis of the anterior duct and ectasia of the proximal duct (59.7%) in SMGs. During a median six months' follow-up, the treatment outcomes of PGs were evaluated as "improvement" in 23.4%，"lesion maintenance" in 45.1% and "lesion aggravation" in 31.5% of the glands. As for SMGs, the treatment outcomes were scored as "improvement"in 29.0%，"lesion maintenance"in 54.8%, and"lesion aggravation"in 16.1% of the glands. No significant differences of treatment outcomes were found relative to RAI treatment sessions and cumulative dosage. CONCLUSION:RAIS is characteristic of severe lumen stricture and ductal atresia in PGs, and stenosis of the distal duct and ectasia of the proximal duct in SMGs. Endoscopy can alleviate clinical symptoms of RAIS and help to preserve the gland function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:4 Laryngoscope, 134:4506-4513, 2024.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the three-dimensional radiographic characteristics of calcifying odontogenic cyst and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor using spiral computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS:Clinical records, histopathological reports, and CBCT or non-enhanced spiral CT images of 19 consecutive patients with calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and 16 consecutive patients with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) were retrospectively acquired, and radiographic features, including location, size, expansion, internal structure and calcification, were analyzed. RESULTS:Among the 19 COC cases (12 males and 7 females, with an average age of 27 years), 89.5% (17/19) of the lesions originated from the anterior and premolar areas, 100.0% of them exhibited cortex expansion, and 78.9% had discontinued cortex. Among the 16 CEOT cases (3 males and 13 females, with an average age of 36 years), 81.3% (13/16) of the lesions were in the premolar and molar areas, 56.3% of them exhibited cortex expansion, and 96.8% had discontinued cortex. According to the distribution of internal calcifications, these lesions were divided into: Ⅰ (non-calcification type): absence of calcification; Ⅱ (eccentric marginal type): multiple calcifications scattered along one side of the lesion; Ⅲ (diffused type): numerous calcifications diffusely distributed into the lesion; Ⅳ (plaque type): with a ≥ 5 mm calcified patch; Ⅴ (peri-coronal type): multiple calcifications clustered around impacted teeth. Calcifications were present in 73.7% of COC lesions, including 9 type Ⅱ, 3 type Ⅲ and 2 type Ⅳ lesions, and 42.8% of CEOT lesions had calcification images, including 2 type Ⅲ and 5 type Ⅴ lesions. Six COC lesions had odontoma-like images. Moreover, 8 of 9 type Ⅰ CEOTs were histologically Langerhans cell-rich subtype, which had a smaller size (with an average mesiodistal diameter of 17.8 mm) and were not associated with impacted teeth. CONCLUSION:COC lesions tended to originate from the anterior part of the jaw and exhibit cortex expansion, and were sometimes associated with odontoma. CEOT commonly occurred in the posterior jaw and had discontinued cortex. Two lesions had significantly different calcification map. Over 70% of COC lesions had calcification images, which were mostly scattered along one side of the cysts, far from the impacted teeth. Approximately 60% of CEOT lesions exhibited smaller size and non-calcification, and the remaining CEOT cases often had calcification images clustered around the impacted teeth.

OBJECTIVE To analyse the histopathological features of eosinophilic sialodochitis by using terminal duct biopsy. METHODS Sixty-five patients with suspected eosinophilic sialodochitis and four with chronic obstructive sialadenitis were prospectively enrolled. Clinical features, laboratory tests and sialograms were comparatively analysed. Terminal duct biopsy of the parotid or submandibular glands was performed concomitantly with endoscopy-assisted duct dilatation to determine the histopathological features of eosinophilic sialodochitis. RESULTS Based on eosinophil quantification, the samples of suspected patients were scored as 'definite', 'highly suspected' and 'negative' in 26 (40%), 15 (23.1%) and 24 (36.9%) cases, respectively. Gland types and peripheral blood eosinophil counts were significantly different among these three groups. The proportions of itching glands, mucus plug exudations and elevated immunoglobulin E levels were higher in the 'definite' group than in the other two groups; however, the intergroup differences were insignificant. The primary pathological features of eosinophilic sialodochitis were abundant eosinophils and lymphocytes infiltrated around the duct, degranulation of eosinophils, extensive fibrosis and scattered mastocytes. Periductal eosinophils were not found in cases of chronic obstructive sialadenitis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that terminal duct biopsy is safe and valuable for the pathological confirmation of eosinophilic sialodochitis, and can be used simultaneously with endoscopy-assisted duct dilatation.

Objectives: To establish an inflammation grading system for radioactive iodine-induced sialadenitis (RAIS) based on spiral computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography and sialography.Methods: In all, 120 RAIS patients (18 males and 102 females) were retrospectively included. Spiral CT, ultrasonography and sialography appearances were analysed and categorized as follows: grade I, approximately normal or mild sialadenitis; grade II, moderate sialadenitis; and grade III, severe sialadenitis. Adenitis severity was analysed relative to sex, age, RAI treatment sessions and cumulative doses.Results: Spiral CT showed heterogeneous (78.9%) and atrophic changes (36.8%) in the parotid glands (PGs) and duct ectasia (24.8%) in the submandibular glands (SMGs). Ultrasonography showed heterogeneous echogenicity (54.3%) and diminished gland size (30.2%) in PGs and duct ectasia in SMGs (34.7%). Sialography showed duct obliteration in 25.3% PGs and 3.2% SMGs. Statistical analysis showed good consistency among the three imaging grading results. The incidence and severity of PG lesions were significantly higher than that of SMGs (p < 0.001). As for PGs, adenitis severity was associated with both treatment sessions and cumulative doses; but in SMGs, disease severity was only related to treatment sessions.Conclusions: A grading system for severity of RAIS was established based on spiral CT, ultrasonography and sialography appearances.

Case-based learning (CBL) is important in developing students′ critical thinking and problem solving skills, while students were less likely to be exposed to sufficient and systematic clinical scenarios in traditional didactic lectures. This study utilized the blended teaching mode based on standard clinical cases in oral and maxillofacial oncology course. Via online teaching platform system, online modules and traditional face-to-face lectures were combined, allowing integration of case-based learning method into lectures-based and problem-based learning (PBL) teaching system. The questionnaire survey results showed that out of 83 students participating in teaching reform, compared to traditional teaching mode, 65(78.3%) believed that the blended teaching mode based on standard clinical cases increased learning efficiency; 73(88.0%) believed that this teaching mode facilitated development of critical thinking and problem solving skills. The teaching practice results indicated that this teaching mode is helpful for the theoretical learning of oral and maxillofacial oncology course and can be further promoted.

唾液腺结石病是一种常见的唾液腺疾病,临床特点是唾液排出障碍,常继发感染,严重影响患者的生活质量.唾液腺结石形成的确切病因目前尚不清楚,一般认为与异物、炎症等局部因素有关,也可能与某些全身系统性因素有关.唾液腺结石病的传统治疗方法为保守治疗和手术治疗.随着唾液腺内镜的应用和相关外科技术的进展,出现了多种微创和保留腺体的治疗方法,其中包括内镜下激光碎石术.本文拟对唾液腺结石病的病因及内镜下激光碎石术治疗唾液腺结石病的研究进展予以综述.

Objectives/HypothesisTo explore the clinically feasible diagnosis criteria and treatment outcomes of allergy‐related sialodochitis (ARS).Study DesignProspective Cohort Study.MethodsNinety‐six consecutive patients were enrolled by the following criteria: 1) recurrent swelling of ≥2 large salivary glands that lasted for ≥3 months; 2) with mucus plug exudations; 3) with atopic diseases; 4) ductal stenosis and/or ectasia. Sixty‐four patients with elevation of peripheral blood eosinophil (PBE) and/or serum IgE level comprised group A (highly‐suspected ARS group), while the remaining 32 comprised group B (patients without confirmed evidence of ARS). These patients were treated with interventional endoscopy. A chronic obstructive sialadenitis symptom (COSS) questionnaire was used to quantify the treatment outcomes.ResultsIn group A, Serum IgE was elevated in 84.4% of patients and PBE was elevated in 34.4% of patients. Percentage of submandibular gland involvement was higher in group A than group B (48.4% vs. 18.8%). On sialograms, the snowflake changes of branch ducts were seen in higher percentage of group A compared with group B (59% vs. 35% for parotid glands, 27% vs. 8% for submandibular glands, respectively). Mucus plug smears showed abundant eosinophils in 14 group A patients. Biopsy of five group A patients revealed significant eosinophil infiltration around the main and interlobular ducts. During follow‐up, the COSS scores were significantly decreased in both groups, and group B was improved better than group A.ConclusionPBE and serum IgE are important diagnostic indexes of ARS. Mucus plug smear or histopathology verifies the diagnosis. Interventional endoscopy is helpful for ARS cases.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:2030–2035, 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the morphologic features of alveolus in relatively healthy maxillary and mandibular incisors using cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT images of 318 patients were retrospectively acquired. Alveolar bone in incisive area was divided into: type 1 (thick), type 2 (relatively thick with mono-plate concavity), type 3 (thin with double-plate concavities), and type 4 (vulnerably thin). Alveolus prevalence and widths were analyzed statistically relative to age, gender, and molar relationship. Prevalence of type 1 alveolus was 78.9% in maxillary central incisors, 15.1% in maxillary lateral incisors, 24.1% in mandibular central incisors, and 5.0% in mandibular lateral incisors. Type 2 alveolus was commonly observed in the maxillary lateral incisors (82.2%), mandibular central incisors (66.2%), and mandibular lateral incisors (87.9%). Prevalence of type 3 and 4 alveoli ranged from 0.0 to 9.4%. As for maxillary central incisors, type 1 was the widest both at the alveolar crest (7.77 ± 0.58 mm) and apical area (9.05 ± 1.86 mm), while type 3 had the lowest width at the apical region (4.08 ± 0.51 mm). Among maxillary central incisors, prevalence of type 1 tended to decrease with age. At all maxillary and mandibular incisor sites, alveolus widths were significantly thicker in males than in females. At maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular incisor sites, prevalence of alveolus type was significantly different among three molar relationships. A 4-type classification system was suggested for alveolus morphology in incisive region. Identification of alveolus type might aid in the corresponding treatment.

目前我国的口腔医学教育多采用以学科为中心的传统医学教育模式,注重医学教育的系统性、基础性和完整性,方便教学的实施和管理,但在一定程度上造成了学科间内容相互割裂,基础与临床脱节,不利于学生建立系统、整体的知识体系,同时还存在知识点重复、学时过多,学生负担过重的问题.医学课程整合的教学模式起源于上世纪50年代,如今已成为欧美国家主要的医学教育模式.为实现医学教育的国际化,近年来,在我国教育部门的倡导下,国内已有许多高校陆续开展了临床医学课程整合的探索研究.目前,在临床医学整合课程的教学中,以"器官/系统为中心"的教学模式占据主流地位.有别于临床医学专业,口腔医学专业学生主要学习口腔及颌面部疾病的诊断、治疗、预防等方面的基本理论和基本知识,口腔医学课程整合不能完全采用以器官/系统为中心的课程模式.因此,在本研究中,我们提出"以疾病为中心"的口腔医学多学科课程整合的教学模式,对口腔医学各基础学科和临床学科进行课程整合,提升教学效果.本研究以口腔颌面部肿瘤为切入点,由口腔病理、口腔颌面影像和口腔颌面外科学三个专业的教师对口腔颌面部肿瘤相关内容进行课程融合并集体授课,评价"以疾病为中心"口腔颌面部肿瘤多学科课程整合的教学效果.

目的:评价混合式教学模式在口腔颌面部肿瘤教学中的应用效果.方法:以北京大学口腔医院口腔医学专业本科生为教学对象,以口腔颌面部肿瘤融合课程为教学内容.2017级本科生为试验组,采用混合式教学模式进行教学;以2015级本科生为对照组,采用传统线下授课模式进行教学.对两组学生课程结束后进行问卷调查并进行闭卷考核.比较两组学生的考核成绩及问卷调查反馈结果.结果:对照组学生60人,考试平均成绩为92.83±11.66分,试验组学生84人,考试平均成绩为9202±10.27,二者无统计学差异(P=0.371).调查问卷统计结果显示:两种教学方法在教学吸引力方面没有显著性差异(P=0.281);混合式教学模式在提高学生学习积极性和主动性、提高学习效率和效果方面具有显著优势(P＜0.05);但混合式教学模式显著增加了学生的学习负担(P＜0.05).结论:混合式教学模式应用于口腔颌面部肿瘤教学中取得了良好的效果,能增强专业课程对学生的吸引力,提高学生的学习积极性及主动学习能力,从而提升学生对知识的掌握水平学习效率.该教学模式值得在口腔医学和临床医学教育中进一步推广应用.