Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of sex on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QoL) in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) not participating in cardiac rehabilitation. Methods: Chinese patients with CHD (aged 18-80 yr) were selected 12 mo after discharge from three Hebei Province tertiary hospitals. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA in metabolic equivalents of energy (METs) and the Chinese Questionnaire of Quality of Life in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease was used to assess QoL. Data were analyzed using Student’s t test and the χ 2 test, multivariant and hierarchical regression analysis, and simple slope analysis. Results: Among 1162 patients with CHD studied between July 1 and November 30, 2017, female patients reported poorer QoL and lower total METs in weekly PA compared with male patients. Walking ( β= .297), moderate-intensity PA ( β= .165), and vigorous-intensity PA ( β= .076) positively predicted QoL. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that sex moderates the relationship between walking ( β= .195) and moderate-intensity PA ( β= .164) and QoL, but not between vigorous-intensity PA ( β= −.127) and QoL. Simple slope analysis revealed the standardized coefficients of walking on QoL were 0.397 (female t = 8.210) and 0.338 (male t = 10.142); the standardized coefficients of moderate-intensity PA on QoL were 0.346 (female, t = 7.000) and 0.175 (male, t = 5.033). Conclusions: Sex moderated the relationship between PA and QoL among patients with CHD in China. There was a greater difference in QoL for female patients reporting higher time versus those with lower time for both walking and moderate-intensity PA than for male patients.

Background With the aggravation of aging trend, the influence of intergenerational support on the health of the elderly has gradually attracted attention, and the absence of spiritual care and life care is an important factor for the occurrence of health problems in the elderly, but there is a lack of scientific evaluation tools to evaluate the cognitive level of old-age care. Objective To develop a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Filial Piety Ethics Questionnaires for Offspring and Grandchildren in the process of elderly care, and to test its reliability and validity. Methods From April to July 2021, the first draft of the questionnaire was determined by searching relevant contents in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and using the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice and Maslow's hierarchy of needs as the theoretical framework, combined with literature review, national maintenance laws, qualitative interviews, the questionnaire was refined with results of the Delphi expert consensus and pre-survey. From October 2021 to March 2022, 270 subjects from each generation were selected for the formal survey and 50 subjects from the offspring and 38 subjects from the grangchildren were selected for test-retest reliability using the random cluster sampling method. A total of 540 questionnaires were distributed, 270 questionnaires for each generation. A total of 528 valid questionnaires were returned, 264 valid questionnaires for each generation, with a valid return rate of 97.8%. Its reliability and validity were analyzed to determine the final questionnaire entry. Results The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Filial Piety Ethics Questionnaires for Offsprings included 3 dimensions and 34 items. Exploratory factor analysis produced 3 factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.455%. The content validity of each item ranged from 0.867 to 1.000, and the average content validity of the questionnaire was 0.967. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.953, split-half reliability was 0.811, and test-retest reliability was 0.987. The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Filial Piety Ethics Questionnaires for Grandchildren consisted of 31 items in 3 dimensions. Exploratory factor analysis produced three factors, the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.641%; the content validity of each item ranged from 0.867 to 1.000, the average content validity of the questionnaire was 0.964; Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.952, split-half reliability was 0.837, and test-retest reliability was 0.991. Conclusion The developed questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a research tool to evaluate the current status of filial piety ethic knowledge, attitude and behavior of offsprings and grandchildren in the process of elderly care.

目的 探讨社会经济地位对随迁老人家庭归属感的影响,并分析其路径.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,于2021年9月至12月,采用横断面调查法,应用一般人口学资料以及随迁老人新的社会家庭环境融入状况量表中家庭归属感维度对北京市的854名随迁老人进行调查,对数据进行单因素分析、多元线性回归分析和结构方程模型分析.结果 随迁老人的家庭归属感总得分为(13.03±3.773)分.老人社会地位对家庭归属感既有直接影响也有间接影响,总效应为4.648;老人经济地位是影响家庭归属感的关键,总效应值为2.530;子女支持能够通过经济地位作用于家庭归属感,效应值为0.201.结论 随迁老人家庭归属感中等偏下水平,应及时甄别随迁老人的社会经济地位给予相应的支持,尤其是子女支持,促进老人精神心理健康.

目的 探讨随迁老人生活满意度、人际幸福感与生存质量的关系.方法 采用方便抽样法,于2021年9-12月选取北京市、天津市各一个区及河北省两市的500名随迁老人为研究对象.采用一般资料调查表、生活满意度调查表、人际幸福感量表和健康调查简表对其进行调查.结果 随迁老人生活满意度得分为(10.81±3.22)分,人际幸福感得分为(14.44±2.86)分,生存质量得分为(60.89±18.04)分;生活满意度对生存质量的影响具有直接效应(P＜0.001),人际幸福感对生存质量的影响具有直接效应(P＜0.001),人际幸福感在生活满意度与生存质量之间存在中介效应(P＜0.001),中介效应占总效应的74.3％.结论 随迁老人健康状况低于社区一般老年人,生活满意度与人际幸福感影响其生存质量,人际幸福感在生活满意度与生存质量间起中介效应.应鼓励随迁老人积极参与社会活动,提升人际幸福感,有助于其提高生存质量.

目的 了解唐山市中高龄女性老年人的空虚感,分析其影响因素.方法 于2016年7月至2017年1月选取唐山市10个社区卫生服务中心辖区居住的≥75岁女性老年人,采用健康调查量表(SF-36)、日常生活能力(ADL)量表等进行入户访谈调查.结果 1845名老年女性中,空虚感者507人(27.5％),二分类Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥80岁、与子女关系不和睦、不经常与子女交流、自觉生活不幸福、参加社区活动频率少、ADL障碍是中高龄女性老年人空虚感的危险因素,子女能及时提供帮助、子女经常采取老人建议是其保护因素(P<0.05).结论 中高龄女性老年人空虚感者较高,应通过家庭支持和个体努力改变现状,提升自理能力,增强价值感,降低空虚感,促进心理健康.

目的 了解老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁现状和影响因素.方法 选取2021年6月—2022年1月在华北理工大学附属医院住院治疗的773例60岁及以上的老年脑卒中患者作为调查对象,采用问卷和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)进行调查.通过单因素及多因素线性回归分析老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁的影响因素.结果 脑卒中患者抑郁评分为9.24±6.28分,焦虑评分9.38±5.92分.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、居住地、文化程度、收支状况、婚姻、疾病情况、眩晕、语言障碍、肢体无力、与病友关系、与医护人员关系及与照顾者关系是影响老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁的因素(P<0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是老年脑卒中患者焦虑情绪的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与病友关系、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是老年脑卒中患者抑郁情绪的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 老年脑卒中患者发生焦虑、抑郁的情况较为严重,年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是影响患者发生焦虑、抑郁的因素.

目的:了解社区高龄老年人慢性病患病情况及服药状况,为高龄老年人合理用药提供护理指导.方法:采用多级抽样法,对河北省唐山市市区内10个社区卫生服务中心辖区居民中75岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查.结果:性别、年龄、婚姻状态、罹患不同种类慢性病均与社区高龄老年人服药种数有关,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).罹患不同慢性病社区高龄老年人服药种数多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,患有高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、高血脂、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、胃肠疾病均是影响社区高龄老年人用药种数的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:社区高龄老年人群存在多种慢性病并存、服药种数繁多的问题,可能增加药源性疾病发生的风险,社区护理工作者应加强对高龄老年人的用药指导.

目的:构建创伤住院病人脂肪栓塞风险评估表,为创伤病人的早期评估提供依据.方法:成立研究小组,通过文献检索、专家访谈、小组讨论初步建立创伤住院病人脂肪栓塞风险评估指标体系,选择20名具有创伤救治经验的护理专家或护理管理者进行专家函询,制定创伤病人脂肪栓塞风险评估表.结果:共进行了2轮专家函询,专家积极系数均为100%,专家权威程度分别为0.84,0.86.第 2轮专家函询一级指标的肯德尔和谐系数为 0.254,二级指标的肯德尔和谐系数为 0.226,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).最终形成包括5个一级指标和16个二级指标的创伤住院病人脂肪栓塞风险评估表.结论:构建的创伤住院病人脂肪栓塞风险评估表具有较高的可靠性和科学性,可用于临床创伤病人脂肪栓塞的早期评估.

目的 应用炎症及营养指标构建老年急性缺血性脑卒中预后的预测模型并验证.方法 将 2021年 11月—2022年 5 月唐山市某三级甲等医院 586 例老年急性缺血性脑卒中患者分为预后良好组(n=438)和预后不良组(n=148).以LASSO回归与二元Logistic回归分析危险因素,建立列线图模型并验证.结果 多因素分析结果显示高龄、合并慢性病、同型半胱氨酸>15 mmol/L、淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值<3.713、白蛋白与球蛋白比值<1.527、老年营养风险指数<99.837 是老年急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后不良的危险因素.列线图模型AUC=0.774(95%CI:0.730～0.818);Bootstrap内部验证法其真实值与预测值符合度的平均绝对误差为 0.011;Brier得分为 0.152;H-L检验P=0.733;决策曲线显示高风险概率值为 0.03～0.65.结论 应用炎症及营养指标构建的列线图模型作为预测老年急性缺血性脑卒中预后不良的工具有较高的应用价值.

目的 了解社区随迁老人社会融入困境及其影响因素,为制定预防和支持措施提供依据.方法 于 2021 年9-12 月,采用分层抽样的方法将北京市 17 个区根据综合实力排名分为高、中、低 3 层,再采用随机数字表法抽取北京市 9个区,最后采用方便抽样的方法选取 9 个区的 854 名 60 岁及以上随迁老人为研究对象.采用一般人口学资料、社会融入困境问卷、生活质量量表和人际幸福感量表进行调查.采用多重线性回归分析随迁老人社会融入困境的影响因素.结果 随迁老人社会融入总分为(141.41±34.85)分.多重线性回归结果显示,户籍性质、有无配偶、随迁时长、与子女沟通频率、居住地区异质性、人际幸福感、生活质量进入回归方程(均 P＜0.05),可解释总变异的 79.2％.结论 本组随迁老人社会融入困境处于较低水平,户籍性质、有无配偶、随迁时长、与子女沟通频率、居住地区异质性、人际幸福感、生活质量是随迁老人社会融入困境的影响因素,提示相关医务工作者和社区工作者应关注随迁老人融入困难问题,应针对可干预的与子女关系、人际幸福感、生活质量等影响因素采取应对措施,以改善精神健康和生活质量,提高其社会融入水平.

Objective To explore the impact of Forebrain verbal and auditory feedback cognitive training on cognitive function and daily living ability of patients with brain trauma. Methods From October 2021 to May2022,80 patients with cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the neurosurgery department of a tertiary hospital in Tangshan City,and they were randomly divided into a treatment group and a matched group according to the "RAND-function". 40 patients in the treatment group received routine nursing on the first day of enrollment,and Forbrain training was added on the second day while receiving rehabilitation nursing. The intervention time was for 2 weeks. At the same time,40patients in the matched group received neurosurgery rehabilitation nursing measures for 2 weeks. The researchers collected the patients’ general and disease data on the first day of admission. MoCA and BI are used to complete the evaluation of the patient’s cognitive function and daily life ability,and the same scales were used for reevaluation after 2 weeks of intervention. Results The baseline indexes of the 2 groups were comparable（P＞0.05）.After 2 weeks,regarding the cognitive function,the researchers found that the cognitive score and difference score of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the matched group（P＜0.001）;the treatment group had higher differences in all 5 cognitive dimensions than the matched group,including visuospatial function,attention,language,abstraction and memory（P＜0.05）. Regarding activity of daily living,the researchers found that the BI score and difference score of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the matched group（P＜0.001）.Conclusion Forbrain training can improve cognitive function and daily living ability of patients with brain injury,and promote the recovery of attention,memory and language functions.

以护理本科人才综合素质培养为核心,遵循思政工作规律,遵循教书育人规律,遵循学生成长规律;因事而化,因时而进,因势而新,构建护理专业"课程思政建设体系";实现第一课堂思政教育的多途径多方法,第二课堂思政教育的三平台三融合,思政课程教育效果评价体系的多维度、多时段、多方式,从而推进护理专业人才素养的高阶提升.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Forbrain cognitive training intervention prescriptions based on risk factors on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA total of 120 patients with cognitive impairment after TBI treated in Tangshan Workers' Hospital from October 2021 to May 2022 were randomly divided into control group, observation group 1 and observation group 2 according to Excel random function, with 40 cases in each group. During the intervention, 3, 1, 1 cases dropped out respectively in the control group, observation group 1 and observation group 2, and 37, 39 and 39 cases were finally included in the three groups respectively. The control group received neurosurgical routine nursing care; the observation group 1 received Forbrain cognitive training (reading training was encouraged) in addition to the routine care; the observation group 2 received the Forbrain cognitive training intervention prescriptions based on the risk factors of cognitive dysfunction (insomnia, headache, depression, low social support and upper limb motor dysfunction) in addition to the routine care. For all of the three groups, the interventions were provided for 20 minutes a time, twice a day, lasting for two weeks. Before and after intervention, the Loeweistein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA)-Ⅱ was used to evaluate the patients' cognitive function; Barthel Index (BI) was used to evaluate the activities of daily living ability of patients.Results(1) Cognitive function: compared with that before treatment, the total score of LOTCA-Ⅱ in the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were higher after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the scores of praxis and attention in the observation group 1 after intervention were significantly higher, and the scores of visual perception, action application score, visual movement organization time score, operation of thinking score, concentration score and LOTCA-Ⅱ total scores in the observation group 2 after intervention were significantly higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the observation group 1, the visual and sensory scores and LOTCA-Ⅱ total scores of the observation group 2 after intervention were significantly higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). (2) Activities of daily living: compared with that before intervention, BI score in the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were significantly higher after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the control group and the observation group 1, the BI score of the observation group 2 after intervention was significantly higher, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe Forbrain cognitive training intervention prescriptions based on risk factors can improve the cognitive function and activities of daily living of TBI patients, which is recommended in clinical practice.

目的 探讨七步循环站立平衡训练联合Soundsory认知训练对脑卒中患者平衡、认知功能的影响.方法 将存在认知障碍的首发脑卒中偏瘫康复期患者80例采用随机数字表法分为对照组、干预组各40例,对照组实施常规康复护理,干预组在对照组基础上实施七步循环站立平衡训练联合Soundsory认知训练.分别于干预前及干预2周后、干预4周后采用Brunel平衡量表和蒙特利尔认知评估量表评定干预效果.结果 干预2、4周后,干预组平衡功能及认知功能评分显著高于对照组(均P＜0.05).结论 对脑卒中偏瘫患者进行七步循环站立平衡训练联合Soundsory认知训练,可有效改善患者平衡、认知功能,促进患者康复.

目的:探讨基于认知负荷理论的教学改革对护生深度学习的应用效果.方法:用实验法分别对华北理工大学护理学专业2017和2018级的学生进行教学,2017级学生为对照组,采用传统教学方法;2018级学生为实验组,采用基于认知负荷理论的教学方法,观察两组学生在学习结束后深度学习和高阶思维的差异.结果:实验组的深度学习现状、临床推理与反思能力均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:实施基于认知负荷理论的教学改革能够促进护生实现深度学习,养成高阶思维.

目的 观察特征性引导运动想象训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者焦虑、抑郁及残疾接受度的影响.方法 于2018年10月～2019年5月选取河北省保定市泰和康复医院住院的脑卒中偏瘫患者70例为研究对象,焦虑、抑郁评分≥8分.随机分为观察组和对照组.对照组给予神经外科常规康复治疗及护理,观察组在此基础上增加特征性引导运动想象训练.分别于干预前、干预4周后应用医院焦虑抑郁量表(H ADS)、残疾接受度量表(ADS-R)评测,比较疗效.结果 干预4周后,观察组焦虑得分为(9.66±1.589)分、抑郁得分为(10.06±1.626)分,总分为(19.71±2.191)分,均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ADS-R扩大维度得分为(23.60±1.499)分、从属维度得分为(12.91±1.095)分、转变维度得分为(22.11±1.451)分,总分为(81.11±3.437)分,均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 特征性引导运动想象训练可有效改善脑卒中偏瘫患者焦虑、抑郁及残疾接受度.

BACKGROUND: Patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy can experience chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). OBJECTIVES: This study observed the interven-tional effects of multisensory stimulation training on CRCI in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. METHODS: Eighty patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy at a grade A tertiary hospital in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China, were divided into two intervention groups (audio-visual and multisensory) by random sampling (40 patients per group). FINDINGS: After four intervention cycles, partic-ipants' cognitive and executive function scores were higher in the multisensory group than in the audiovisual group. Multisensory stimulation training had stronger effects than audiovisual training and effectively attenuated CRCI and executive dysfunction caused by breast cancer chemotherapy. Given the convenience and ease of use, multisensory stimulation has good potential for application in clinical practice.

目的 调查老年人生存质量和就医行为,分析患心脏病、脑卒中老年人对其生存质量和就医行为的影响.方法 采用整群随机抽样选取唐山市10个社区卫生服务中心的60岁以上老年人6171名,进行简明健康状况量表(SF-36)和就医行为调查.结果 单因素和多因素均显示,年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、是否有心脏病、是否有脑卒中是老年人生存质量的影响因素.患心脏病老年人生存质量低于无心脏病老年人,患脑卒中老年人生存质量低于无脑卒中老年人,差异均有统计学意义.Logistic回归分析结果显示,患有心脏病和脑卒中会使老年人感觉到不太舒服以至于无法继续平常活动,出现看医生和住院行为.结论 老年人患心脏病和脑卒中会降低其生存质量,引起老年人的不舒适,并导致其就医行为的出现.

目的:评价超星学习通结合翻转课堂教学模式应用于五官科护理学的教学效果,为优化护理学专业课程教学效果积累经验.方法:将修读五官科护理学的108名本科护生随机分为对照组(n=55)和实验组(n=53),实验组采用学习通辅助下的翻转课堂教学模式,对照组采用传统教学模式,课程结束后比较两组学生自主学习能力、学生学习成绩与能力目标达成度、学生学习满意度,综合评价教学方法改革的实施效果.结果:实验组学生自主学习能力、学习满意度均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);实验组学生基础知识水平和综合运用能力均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:超星学习通辅助翻转课堂教学模式可提高学生自主学习能力、基础知识水平以及综合运用能力,优化五官科护理学教学效果.