The integration of near-infrared (NIR) laser phototherapy with chemotherapy in a synergistic multimodal approach holds significant potential for future nanomedicine applications across various tumors, owing to its lower invasiveness, diminished adverse effects, and enhanced antitumor efficacy. In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CO NPs) were functionalized with the chlorin e6 (C6) photosensitizer and coated with polydopamine (PD) to develop a nanosystem (CO@C6-PD) for photodynamic and photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT). Subsequently, the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel (DT) was incorporated, with folic acid (FA) utilized as a targeted material for laryngeal cancer. The developed FA@CO@C6-PD/DT NPs exhibited a nanoscale diameter, excellent surface charge, efficient DT loading, colloidal stability, cytocompatibility, and regulated DT release. Investigations on TU212 laryngeal cancer cells demonstrated that the FA@CO@C6-PD/DT exhibited significant synergistic antitumor effects via chemo/PDT/PTT, with an IC50 of 49 μg/mL, markedly less than the 225 μg/mL observed without NIR laser exposure. Furthermore, FA@CO@C6-PD/DT generated elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels upon exposure to a 660 nm laser (2 W/cm2 for 6 min), leading to alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential and facilitating tumor cell death in TU212 cells. Collectively, the results suggest that FA@CO@C6-PD/DT may serve as a compelling nanoplatform for combination therapy involving chemotherapy, PTT, and PDT in laryngeal cancer.

ObjectiveTo determine the function of miR-125a-5p in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), its correlation with radiation sensitivity, and the underlying regulatory mechanism.Materials and methodsWe conducted the analysis on the correlation between miR-125a-5p and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The putative gene targeted by miR-125a-5p has been identified as HK2, while the expression levels of miR-125a-5p and HK2 were measured in laryngeal cancer tissues and cells using RT-PCR. MiR-125a-5p and HK2 were introduced into the lentiviral vector and the vector was used to transfect AMC-HN-8 cells. The roles of miR-125a-5p and HK2 in LSCC and on radiosensitivity were determined by evaluating cell growth, examining colony formation, analyzing flow cytometry, and utilizing the single hit multi-target model. Western blotting was used to measure H2AX and rH2AX levels in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. The validation of the interaction between miR-125a-5p and HK2 was conducted through the dual-luciferase assay. To further confirm the association between miR-125a-5p and HK2, as well as its influence on radiosensitivity, rescue experiments were performed.ResultsThe expression of miR-125a-5p is downregulated in LSCC, while upregulating its expression could suppress cell growth, induce apoptosis, and enhance radiosensitivity. Additionally, HK2 exhibited high expression in LSCC and the biological function was opposite to miR-125a-5p. Western blotting analysis revealed that miR-125a-5p increased rH2AX levels and decreased H2AX levels, conversely, HK2 had the opposite effect on miR-125a-5p. These findings suggested that HK2 may serve as the target gene of miR-125a-5p. The double luciferase assay confirmed the binding of HK2 to miR-125a-5p, and rescue trials confirmed the role of miR-125a-5p in regulating the effects and radiation sensitivity of LSCC by targeting HK2 via the DDR pathway.ConclusionBy targeting HK2 and impacting the DDR pathway, miR-125a-5p has been found to inhibit cellular proliferation, enhance apoptosis, and heighten radiosensitivity in LSCC.

Background MiRNAs can affect the radiosensitization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to analyze the function of miR-125 family members in HNSCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and determine their effect on radiation in laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC). Methods First, we systematically analyzed the role of the miR-125 family in HNSCC using the TCGA database and found that miR-125a-5p is associated with radiotherapy. We then performed comprehensive enrichment analysis of miR-125a-5p and predicted target genes. Then, we performed transfection, cell proliferation assays, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, apoptosis assays, micronucleus tests, and western blotting on hep-2 cells selected with puromycin. Results MiR-125 family members exhibited significantly different expression in HNSCC. They were significantly associated with tumor–node–metastasis staging, clinical stages, and histological grades. Radiation therapy had a statistically effect on miR-125 family members, except miR-125a-3p. Moreover, miR-125a-5p was related to overall survival in LSCC. Thus, we predicted 110 target genes and seven hub genes of miR-125a-5p. The proliferation rate of cells transfected with lentivirus vector expressing miR-125a-5p was significantly reduced compared to the other groups. The radiation effect was enhanced in cells transfected with miR-125a-5p. The ratio of apoptotic cells transfected and exposed to X-rays (10 Gy) was distinctly higher than that of the Ad-control group. Western blotting analysis revealed that miR-125a-5p upregulated the apoptotic regulators P53 and rH2AX. Thus, miR-125a-5p may increase radiosensitivity in LSCC via upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes. Conclusions MiR-125 family members could be prognostic biomarkers of HNSCC and improve HNSCC sensitivity to radiotherapy by activating P53. Upregulating miR-125a-5p via lentivirus vectors may be a novel strategy to strengthen the effect of radiotherapy on LSCC.

Objective:To study the application value of narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Methods:A total of 275 patients admitted to the inpatient department or laryngoscopy room of the Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2022 to April 2023 due to throat discomfort were selected as the research subjects. All of them completed RSI, RFS scoring scales and electronic laryngoscopy（including ordinary white light and NBI）. According to the expert consensus of LPRD in 2022, RSI and RFS scoring scale were used as diagnostic criteria to divide them into LPR group and non-LPR group. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of positive rates of characteristic manifestations under NBI among different groups. The consistency of NBI and scale diagnostic methods was analyzed by Kappa, and RSI and RFS scoring were used as diagnostic criteria, The diagnostic efficiency of NBI method was analyzed. Results:There were 190 people in the LPR group, 157 of whom showed characteristic performance under the NBI mode, with a positive rate of 82.6%（157/190）; there were 85 people in the non-LPR group, with a positive rate of 18.8%（16/85）. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate between the two groups（χ²=102.47, P<0.05）. The consistency rate between RSI, RFS and NBI was 82.2%（226/275）. Kappa consistency analysis was used, and Kappa=0.605（P<0.05）, indicating good consistency between the two diagnostic methods. Using RSI and RFS as diagnostic criteria for LPR, the sensitivity of NBI diagnostic method was 82.6%（157/190）, specificity 81.2%（69/85）, positive predictive value 90.8%（157/173） and negative predictive value 67.6%（69/102）. Conclusion:Narrow-band imaging, as a new endoscopic imaging technique, can show small changes in mucosal surface micro vessels and play an important role in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux.

目的 评估半肩关节置换治疗高龄肱骨近端四部分骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年12月采用半肩关节置换手术治疗的21例高龄肱骨近端四部分骨折的病人资料,其中男4例,女17例,平均年龄76岁(65～89岁);均为闭合性新鲜骨折;受伤至手术时间平均为5天(3～8天).采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)和Constant-Murley肩关节评分评价手术疗效.结果 21例病人切口均一期愈合.所有病人随访时间超过6个月,其中11例病人随访超过24个月,平均随访时间20个月(6～48个月).21例病人肱骨大、小结节均愈合.术后6个月,21例病人的VAS评分为(1.24±1.22)分;Constant-Murley评分为(81.10±7.16)分,末次随访时进一步提高为(88.45±4.57)分.进一步研究发现,75岁以上病人术后6个月的VAS评分显著低于75岁以下病人[(0.73±0.90)分vs.(1.80±1.32)分],Constant-Murley评分也显著低于75岁以下病人[(78.00±6.83)分vs.(84.50±6.13)分],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 半肩关节置换治疗高龄肱骨近端四部分骨折的疗效优良.

目的 探讨胶质瘤中M2c型肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor associated macrophages,TAM)与肿瘤微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)和细胞增殖之间的关系.方法 纳入40份病理结果为胶质瘤的石蜡包块,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测脑胶质瘤组织中CD163、CD34-MVD、Ki-67表达及其相关性,并探讨其与各项临床病理特征的关系.结果 低级别与高级别胶质瘤分组间CD163、CD34-MVD和Ki-67表达水平均有显著性差异(P<0.05);CD34-MVD和Ki-67表达在病人年龄分组间有显著差异(P<0.05),而在性别分组间无显著差异(P>0.05).进一步分析发现:脑胶质瘤中CD163表达水平与CD34-MVD、Ki-67表达水平均呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 肿瘤微环境中浸润的M2c型TAM与胶质瘤微血管形成和细胞增殖关系密切,CD163、CD34-MVD、Ki-67三者联合检测有利于评估肿瘤的恶性程度,并为胶质瘤临床治疗药物研发提供分子生物学依据.

随着生物信息学技术的进步,多项研究揭示了非编码RNA(ncRNA)在发育和基因表达中发挥重要的调控作用,并参与肿瘤的增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移等多个生物学过程.本文主要就目前广泛研究的微小RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)和环状RNA(circRNA)在垂体腺瘤(PAs)进展中的调控作用进行概述,并探讨其在临床诊疗过程中的应用价值和研究前景.

目的 在喉癌的教学中应用微课翻转课堂的教学方法 ,探讨喉癌教学的新方法和评估教学效果.方法随机选取哈尔滨医科大学2015级临床医学五年制学生100名作为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组采用微课翻转课堂的教学方法,对照组采用传统教学方法进行授课,课程结束后,通过客观答题考试和主观学习感受评价分析两组学生的基础知识、临床病例分析及学习感受等方面的差异.结果 两组在耳鼻喉科基础知识、临床病例分析及学习感受等方面均有明显的统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 在喉癌的教学过程中应用微课翻转课堂的教学模式,教学效果明显优于传统教学模式,提高了学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,有着广阔的应用前景.

Glioma is a common tumor in the central nervous system. Because the natural immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment is conducive to tumor growth, transformation and migration, the traditional treatment has little effect and is difficult to make a breakthrough. Glioma-associated microglia and macrophage (GAM), an important part of brain tumor microenvironment, plays a more and more key role in tumor progression and regulation of anti-tumor immune response. This article reviews the latest progress of the source, recruitment, polarization and the role in development of gliomas as well as potential therapeutic targets of gliomas.

[目的]探究miR-125a通过靶向调节p53的表达对人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、凋亡以及放射治疗敏感性的影响.[方法]培养人喉癌Hep-2细胞系,利用慢病毒分别转染miR-125a与空白质粒,RT-PCR法检测转染后各组细胞中miR-125a水平,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖情况.X线照射各组细胞后,行克隆形成实验、微核检测和流式细胞检测法检测转染细胞凋亡水平及放射敏感性,通过在线软件预测p53基因为miR-125a直接调控的靶基因,Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白水平并进一步验证miR-125a与p53的关系,及在喉癌细胞放射治疗中的作用.[结果] MTT实验结果示,转染miR-125a后Hep-2细胞增殖能力明显下降(P＜0.05).克隆形成实验与微核检测结果表明高表达miR-125a可使Hep-2细胞放射敏感性显著提高.流式细胞仪检测结果0Gy下Hep-2-miR-125a、Hep-2-con220组,10Gy下Hep-2-miR-125a、Hep-2-eon220组凋亡率分别为(6.30％±0.11％),(0.09％±0.02％),(18.15％±2.49％),(1.95％±0.08％)(P＜0.01).TargetScan软件预测TRIAP1 (TP53 regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1)为miR-125a的直接调控的靶基因,Western blot实验结果显示高表达miR-125a可正向调控p53的表达,从而增强Hep-2细胞对X线的放射敏感性.[结论]MiR-125a表达上调后可能通过上调p53的表达使Hep-2细胞增殖受到抑制,诱使其发生凋亡,并提高放射敏感性.

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)是常见的恶性程度较高的肿瘤,复发和转移率较高,且预后较差.出现颈部淋巴结转移的HNSCC患者通常需行颈部淋巴结清扫术以清除颈部转移灶.目前,临床最常用的肿瘤分期系统是TNM分期,其中N代表的区域淋巴结受累情况,是HNSCC患者重要的预后因素.然而,近年来淋巴结转移率(LNR)已广泛应用于乳腺癌、胃癌等疾病的分期中.随着相关研究的不断进展,LNR能较现有N分期更好地评估HNSCC患者的预后.

Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the most common tumors concerning otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, however, the pathogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play vital roles in the pathogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma Herein, the present study was designed to explore the function and mechanism of miRNA-98 in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. In brief, qRT-PCR, MTT assay, western blot analysis, Transwell assay and luciferase reporter assay were performed. Based on the results, miRNA-98 expression was downregulated in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Downregulation of miRNA-98 promoted cell growth and migration, and decreased the apoptotic rate of hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Overexpression of miRNA-98 increased the apoptotic rate, and inhibited cell growth and migration of hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Moreover, luciferase reporter assays revealed that MTDH is a direct target of miRNA-98 and overexpression of miRNA-98 induced the protein expression of PTEN and suppressed that of PI3K and p-Akt. si-MTDH attenuated the anticancer effects of miRNA-98 on hypopharyngeal carcinoma via the PTEN/AKT pathway. To the best of our knowledge, the present study confirmed for the first time that miRNA-98 inhibits hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via the PTEN/AKT pathway by MTDH.

目的 探讨专题式教学结合PBL教学法在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科教学中的实践应用.方法 选择本级临床专业6个班中的300名本科生作为研究对象.根据班级将其随机分为两组,对照组及观察组,每组各150名.对照组学生采用传统教学方式进行教学,观察组学生采用专题式结合PBL教学方法进行教学.课程结束后,为全体学生进行基本技能操作能力检测及闭卷理论考试,对比两组学生的教学效果.结果 观察组学生的基本技能操作能力为(95.24±2.69)分,对照组学生为(93.41±3.85)分,两组数据对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组学生的闭卷理论考试成绩为(84.58±9.58)分,对照组学生为(68.25±8.41)分,观察组学生的闭卷理论考试成绩高于对照组,两组数据对比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 专题式教学结合PBL教学在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科教学中具有良好的应用实践效果.

Objective To establish an obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) preoperative assessment system,screening for OSAHS patients with preoperative airway on the parameters of the comprehensive evaluation and effective inspection method,providing the basis for formulating reasonable treatment scheme.Methods The 64 cases of OSAHS and 20 healthy volunteers were first collected for general parameters,including blood pressure,height,weight,body mass index and neck circumference,and then the listed below were performed,including Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) determination,teeth occlusal half quantity evaluation,Friedman palate position score (FPP),pharynx cavity width evaluation,PSG monitoring,the measurement of nasal sound reflection,X-ray on the head and neck measurement and endoscopic examination of the airway.Results Among the 64 patients with OSAHS,the obstructive sites existed the most at the pars oralis pharynges,and the patients with biplanar obstruction of both nasal and pars oralis pharynges were in 65.62％,and some patients combined with three obstructive plane were in 9.58％.Compared with control group,nasal sound reflection and Xray on the head and neck measurements were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),which was consistent with other related research results.The results of the ESS subjective evaluation of the patients with the OSAHS were consistent with PSG,and the highest among moderate patients with the disease was 90.48％.Maxillofacial bony structure assessment,teeth bite was half the amount severity evaluation and PSG had no obvious consistency,lower overall consistency of 10.94％,excluding the evaluation.FPP and pharyngeal wall open degree and PSG had high consistency,90.48％ and 84.52％,respectively.The FNMM evaluation were 82.14％ with PSG results,which were an effective evaluation indicator for OSAHS.Conclusion Establishing a preoperative evaluation system for OSAHS patients with clinical and scientific research value is helpful to evaluate the obstructive plane of the upper airway comprehensively and systematically,to provide the basis for the rational treatment plan and predict the therapeutic effect and realize the scientific,objective,data and specialization of preoperative evaluation of OSAHS patients.

[目的]研究RNA干扰抑制Skp2表达对喉癌鳞状细胞p27表达、细胞增殖和凋亡的作用.[方法]利用脂质体将重组质粒转染Hep-2细胞,用慢病毒系统建立干扰Skp2基团的稳定细胞株;荧光实时定量PCR和Western blot法检测转染细胞株中Skp2和p27mRNA及其蛋白表达;采用MTr法和流式细胞仪检测转染细胞的增殖和凋亡情况.[结果]通过慢病毒siRNA技术,Skp2可持续稳定抑制Hep2喉癌细胞,siRNA可诱导抑制Skp2,增加p27表达,降低细胞增殖,增加喉癌细胞的凋亡.[结论]靶向Skp2基因的siRNA对Hep-2细胞的抑制作用可能是通过上调p27基因水平来实现的,Skp2是基因疗法治疗喉癌的有利靶点.

We systematically analyzed the association of nine SNPs of seven key NER pathway genes with the development of laryngeal cancer patients, and investigated whether NER pathway polymorphisms could serve as potential biomarkers for laryngeal cancer risk. 271 patients with pathologically proven laryngeal cancer and 271 control subjects were included in our study. Genotyping of ERCC1 rs11615 and rs2298881, ERCC2 rs13181 and rs50871, ERCC3 rs4150441, ERCC4 rs6498486, ERCC5 rs2094258, XPA rs2808668 and XPC rs2228001 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). By conditional logistic regression analysis, individuals carrying the TT genotype of ERCC1 rs11615 were correlated with an increased risk of larynx cancer when compared with the CC genotype (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.07-3.37; P value=0.02). Moreover, individuals with the GG genotype of ERCC2 rs50871 were associated with an elevated risk of larynx cancer when compare with the TT genotype (OR=2.03, 95% CI=1.15-3.63; P value=0.01). We found a significant interaction between ERCC2 rs50871 polymorphism and tobacco smoking in the risk of larynx cancer (P for interaction <0.05). In conclusion, our study showed that ERCC1 rs11615 and ERCC2 rs50871 polymorphisms could influence the risk of larynx cancer in Chinese population, particularly among smokers.

The aticle briefly introduced the working principle and clinical applicability of Coblation. The application of Coblation promoted the improvement of traditional surgery and the generation of new operation, it is the most important to hold the indication of the operation strictly. This review summarized that and discussed the advantages and the notes of Coblation in operations of the pharynx and larynx.

蒿属是我国东北地区夏秋季的主要变应原[1],其引起疾病者症状严重,季节性明显.本研究旨在通过比较蒿属皮肤点刺实验(skin prick test,SPT)不同皮肤风团直径以及不同皮肤反应指数(skin index,SI)对应的血清特异性IgE(specific IgE,slgE)阳性率以及SPT级别与血清slgE级别的关系,评估蒿属变应原SPT结果与血清slgE之间的相关性.