基于微纳米粉体材料吸附香精,通过不同方式将负载香精的微纳米粉体材料施加到织物上,并加以封装,制备芳香针织物.结果表明,微纳米材料负载香精制备芳香织物表现出持久的香味释放行为和良好的耐水洗性,在自然环境下可持续释香时间长,同时可以耐受10次以上的洗涤.该方法效果良好,操作简单,适用性强,在纺织品芳香整理中具有广阔的应用前景.

研究织物电极对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)压电薄膜性能的影响.以丝网印刷方式制备面电阻为3.5Ω·cm2的银浆丝网印刷涤纶织物,并选用相同面电阻的镀银涤纶织物和铜网织物,将3种织物作为电极同PVDF压电薄膜封装制成柔性压电传感器,测试了3种织物压电传感器的介电接触性能、灵敏度和耐久性.结果表明:在频率4 kHz以下,镀银织物和铜网织物电极介电阻抗较稳定,在频率为1×104 Hz左右时银浆丝网印刷织物电极相对介电常数波动明显,在高频条件下明显高于其他2种织物电极,镀银织物电极的介电性能接近铜网织物电极;3种电极都具有一定的压电灵敏度,银浆丝网印刷织物电极和铜网织物电极灵敏度略高;经过2000次按压后,镀银织物电极和铜网织物电极仍能持续输出锯齿方波信号,银浆丝网印刷织物电极出现明显的基线漂移现象.认为:铜网织物作为电极封装的柔性压电传感器总体性能较好,镀银织物的介电性能和耐久性较好,银浆丝网印刷织物的灵敏度较优.3种织物可作为制作传感器的电极材料,但存在的运动伪影等问题仍需进一步研究.

用于老年人健康监测的可穿戴产品具有舒适、易护理、可长期穿戴和易操作等特点,文章简述近年来面料和柔性传感技术结合在老年人健康监测可穿戴设备的应用情况.综述用于老年人睡眠、血压、心率、无创血糖、帕金森、步态及跌倒监测的可穿戴设备的系列设计方案.提出老年人健康监测可穿戴设备的发展趋势,包括更低的价格、更安全的操作、更时尚的外观,为此类可穿戴设备的开发提供参考.

生物电信号如心电、脑电、肌电、眼电可以反映器官或组织的生理状态,柔性织物电极可实现对其进行长期远程监测以达到对多种生理疾病进行诊断和预防目的.首先介绍了目前可穿戴织物电极所采用的材料、制备工艺与结构,总结了基底织物和导电材料的种类、组装方式、电极尺寸和形状等在生物电信号监测中的影响;然后分析了织物电极在常规监测生物电信号中的应用,讨论了其降低人体接触阻抗,减少运动伪影等问题的设计方法;最后对其在可穿戴健康监护中的发展前景进行展望.

为探究1—丁基—3—甲基咪唑氯盐([BMIM]Cl)对木纤维素浆粕的溶解能力,讨论其溶解纤维素的过程及条件,首先采用偏光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征再生纤维素的形貌变化,采用傅里叶红外光谱测试再生纤维素的化学结构变化.其次,在不同溶解条件下将木浆粕纤维溶解在[BMIM]Cl离子液体中,为了得到最佳溶解条件,采用X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪对再生纤维素进行表征,研究搅拌速率、溶解温度以及3种前处理方式对纤维素在[BMIM]Cl离子溶液中溶解后的聚合度、降解度和结晶度的影响.结果表明:木纤维素在[BMIM]Cl离子溶液中的最佳溶解条件为搅拌速率100 r/min、溶解温度80℃,超声波处理1 h,再生纤维素聚合度948,降解度5.77％,结晶度67.24％.

为增强聚偏氟乙烯—六氟丙烯(PVDF-HFP)的压电效应,以纳米氧化锌(ZnO)作为填充物,运用等离子对纳米ZnO进行表面改性,采用刮涂法制备了P VDF-HFP/改性ZnO复合薄膜.研究了P VDF-HFP/ZnO复合薄膜中纳米ZnO的分布情况,以及复合薄膜的β相含量、压电应变常数d33.结果表明,等离子处理之后的纳米ZnO能够更好地分散在复合溶液中,得到更高的β相含量,提高了P VDF-HFP/ZnO压电薄膜的压电输出.

将50 nm粒径SiO2纳米颗粒,以不同掺杂量分散在PVDF/DMF纺丝体系,采用静电纺丝技术,制备纳米纤维网.对制备的纳米纤维膜进行极化处理,采用阻抗谱分析仪和静电计,对极化后样品的介电性能进行研究.结果表明,SiO2纳米颗粒的掺杂显著增强了PVDF纳米纤维膜的介电特性和极性;改性后的纳米纤维膜具有更好的驻极效果,在静置状态下,表面可产生超过1.25μC/cm2的静电荷,在过滤和压电等领域具有良好的应用前景.

In order to solve the problem of poor mechanical properties of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite, a modified method of hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion was proposed. After optimizing the particle size and mixing amount of hemp straw fiber, PVA emulsion was blended with hemp straw fiber and cement to form the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. The effects of PVA emulsion with different mass ratios on the flexural strength, density, specific strength and flexural toughness of modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite were studied. The modification mechanism was revealed by moisture content, water absorption and fourier infrared spectroscopic analysis. The results show that when the particle size is 1700 μm and the mixing amount is 12%, the hemp straw fiber has the best reinforced effect on hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. With the mass ratio of PVA emulsion increasing, the density of the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite declines and the flexural toughness improves gradually. When the mass ratio of PVA emulsion is 4.8%, the flexural strength and specific strength of the modified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite are increased by 17.17% and 20.50%, respectively, compared with the unmodified hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite. The interface between straw fiber and cement in hemp straw fiber/cementitious composite is improved and the negative effect of hemp straw fiber on hydration reaction is alleviated.

以钛酸钡(BTO)纳米颗粒掺杂熔融纺丝方法制备钛酸钡/聚偏氟乙烯(BTO/PVDF)纤维,可以显著提升纤维的压电性能,居里温度点附近的热拉伸对提升P VDF纤维结晶度和β晶含量作用显著.采用红外光谱(FTIR)和差示扫描量热(DSC)分析了纤维的结晶度和β晶含量,讨论了不同热拉伸倍数和热拉伸速率对BTO/PVDF纤维晶相结构的影响.结果表明:1w.t％的BTO掺杂能够显著提升PVDF纤维内部的β晶含量;热拉伸倍数对提高纤维结晶度效果最为显著,纤维经过6倍热拉伸β 晶含量可达95.9％;较高的拉伸速率能获得更高的结晶度和β 晶含量.

采用等离子和化学处理方法对人工韧带材料的单丝进行改性,主要探讨化学处理阶段壳聚糖的浓度、壳聚糖接枝时间两个因素对LARS人工韧带单丝性能的影响.结果表明,当壳聚糖浓度为2％、改性时间为25 h时,改性后的单丝性能最佳,与未做任何处理的单丝相比,其直径、断裂强度以及断裂伸长率分别提高了5.2％、4.4％和7.2％,接触角降低了52.8％.

简要地介绍了静电纺丝装置的组成和关键组成部分,并分析了静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维与其他传统方法制备的纤维的优点和缺点.分别详细的介绍了静电纺丝技术在生物医学领域、 环境保护、 能源发电和电子及光学领域中的应用.最后,对静电纺丝技术进行总结和展望.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified with oxygen plasma.And as-prepared MWCNTs was ultrasonic dispersed in tin tetrachloride solution.SnO2-MWCNTs film was prepared by Electrostatic-enhanced ultrasonic spray pyrolysis.The relationship between the deposition temperature and MWCNTs doping concentration was researched.The results of Raman spectra showed that sp3 hybridization C contents increase in the MWCNTs , reflecting the MWCNTs surface grafted oxygen-containing functional groups.The film morphology were characterized by Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Atomic force microscopy, showing that with deposition temperature and MWCNTs doping concentration increasing, the film porosity and uniform rate increased.X-ray diffraction results showed that all SnCl4·5H2O transform into SnO2, and its crystallite size is about 3nm.Gas sensing performance test results showed the optimal condition is 300 ℃, the amount of doped MWCNTs is 10 mg/mL.

介绍了现阶段研究织物抗皱性两个热点方面,并对这两个方面的具体方法进行例举,分析每种评价方法的优点和缺点.最后展望织物抗皱性评价方法的研究方向和趋势.

利用氧等离子处理方法,改变处理时间,制备表面接枝官能团的功能化碳纳米管,研究氧等离子处理时间对碳纳米管表面功能化的影响。采用场发射扫描电镜（SEM）对改性后的碳纳米管的表面形貌进行表征,结果表明经氧等离子处理后的碳纳米管分散均匀,团聚现象减弱。采用X射线光电子能谱分析仪表征碳纳米管表面元素的含量,结果表明延长处理时间,可以有效提升碳纳米管表面的氧含量,当处理时间为15min时,表面氧含量最大,碳纳米管表面接枝率达到7.9%。

对位芳纶纤维具有高强度耐热耐磨等优异特性，然而过高的分子取向度降低了其纤维与染料、树脂的结合力。该文阐述了对位芳纶关于表面物理改性方法，着重介绍了等离子、超声和辐照技术在对位芳纶改性中的应用。

采用化学镀法在聚酯纤维表面镀覆一层导电银层,采用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、电子能谱仪(E DS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别对聚酯纤维镀银前后的表面形貌、化学元素组成、银结晶结构进行表征.讨论了乙二胺浓度、AgNO3浓度、施镀时间和镀液温度对化学镀银聚酯纤维增重率及电阻率的影响,测试化学银镀层与纤维基体的结合牢度和耐腐蚀性.结果表明,最佳工艺条件下,电阻率低至2.31 Ω·cm-1;镀层为高纯度的面心立方结构的单质银;银镀层具有良好的与基体的粘结强度和耐化学腐蚀性能.

Based on the analysis of computerized flat knitting machine knitting technological parameter,a model and movement simulation of loop forming elements were established based on the UG NX software,and analyzed the changing curves of needle jacku0027 s displacement,velocity and acceleration in the vertical direction,transient mechanical changes of work heel and triangle in the process of knitting under the condition of setting level speed 0. 8 m / s. The results show that modeling and simulation agree with the actual movement,correspond the actual motion rule and prove the correctness of the model and the simulation results. UG movement simulation reflect the law of motion of loop forming elements visually and accurately,and provide reference basis for further optimization of loop forming elementsu0027 s design.

In order to improve the spinnability of the kenaf fibres, alkali oxygen-soft bath step method was used in refinement process for kenaf. Four parameters, such as alkali treatment time, concentrations of pre-alkalithe, alkali and hydrogen peroxide were optimized by multiple indicator orthogonal experimental method based on the evaluation factors of fiber fineness, breaking strength and softness. The basic physical properties, SEM, FTIR of treated kenaf fiber were tested. The results showed that the optimal parameters were alkali concentration of 10%, pre-alkalithe concentration of 1.2%, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1.2%, and treatment time of 2.5 h. The refinement fineness, softness, and breaking strength of Kenaf fiber are 13.83 dtex, 33.75 r/10 cm, 4.13 cN/dtex respectively, compared with those of untreated fibers, that reduced by 66.1%, improved by 25.1%, improved by 25.9%!respectively. SEM and FTIR show that the fine treatment fibers have low surface impurities, high surface roughness and soimproved spinnability.

为了探究四种洋麻/芳纶不同混纺比对其混纺织物增强复合材料力学性能的影响,对以环氧树脂为基体,精细化处理的洋麻和对位芳纶不同混纺比机织物为增强体的复合材料进行力学性能测试,并对洋麻纤维扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)测试分析纤维表面粗糙度及极性变化,从而来分析力学测试结果.结果表明,洋麻/芳纶30/70混纺织物增强复合材料弯曲强度最高,为248.81MPa,弯曲模量为12.91GPa,与纯芳纶织物增强复合材料相比,分别提高4.9％和7.1％;而洋麻/芳纶20/80混纺织物增强复合材料剪切强度最高,为24.58MPa,与纯芳纶织物增强复合材料相比,提高18.6％.SEM及FTIR表明洋麻纤维精细化处理后,纤维表面粗糙度增加,极性降低,提高了增强体与树脂的界面结合力,从而改善了复合材料的弯曲、剪切性能.

The fungus screened from soil was enclosed in the hydrogel beads made from polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate. PVA beads were investigated in terms of chemical stability, mechanical stability, swelling ratio, per-meability, microstructure and cytotoxicity. The decolorization efficiency of the immobilized fungus on different artificial dyeing wastewater and real dyeing water from plant were investigated. The results revealed that the PVA beads have high mechanical and chemical stability, good permeability, low cytotoxicity. The decolorizations of direct sky blue 5B and direct fast scarlet 4BS were mainly due to the adsorption of dyes by fungus and the decol-orization rate of dye reached 92%!and 59%"after"5"days, respectively. However, the decolorizations of acid red 3R and real dyeing wastewater from plant were caused mainly by the biological degradation and the decolorization rate of dye both reached about 90%!after 5 days. Furthermore, immobilized fungus exhibited excellent reusability and its decolorization rate for acid red 3R reached 92%!after four repeat using.