目的:探讨采取护理干预的方法对乳腺癌围手术期患者康复效果的影响。方法:对60例乳腺癌手术患者,采用随机化的方法纳入试验组和对照组各30例,试验组进行康复护理干预,对照组进行常规护理,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SRSS)对患者进行评分,比较两组得分情况。结果:分别于入选时、手术后2周进行评定,试验组患者平均住院时间缩短,术后不适、并发症、PSQI总分、SDS标准分明显低于对照组,SRSS总分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期进行康复肢体功能训练、心理行为干预、饮食干预、家庭社会情感支持等护理干预,可以教会患者正确的运动模式,降低术后并发症,缩短住院时间,提高患者生活质量。

目的 调查我院直肠癌结肠造口患者的知识需求,为他们提供行之有效的帮助.方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷及Zung氏抑郁、Zung氏焦虑量表对79例直肠癌患者进行调查,收集资料进行分析.结果 发现直肠癌患者在局部护理、术后饮食、心理支持、术前术后健康教育知识等方面存在强烈要求.结论 采用多样化的健康教育方法,针对性对患者进行健康教育,使患者尽早实现自我护理,提高自护能力,克服心理障碍,提高患者的生活质量.

Objective:Of elderly inpatients of depression,anxiety,the causes and nursing measures.Methods:Using Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Social Support Rating Scale (SRSS),and self-evaluation of 86 cases of a questionnaire-based elderly patients,Analysis of depression and anxiety can occur because the patient's sex,level of medical costs,and social support and other relevant.Results:The burden of higher health care of elderly patients with depression, anxiety and the incidence rate of 67.44% for the medical burden of elderly patients with minor depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 32.56%;Social Support Rating Scale total score(r=-0.31) and subjective support scores(r=-0.27) was negatively correlated (p<0.05);Women hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 54.65%,men hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 45.35%. Conclusion:Elderly patients with depression,anxiety,higher rate of incidence with the patient's social support system,gender,medical burden,the level of a great relationship,Consequently,we are caring for elderly patients should pay attention to the above aspects of early psychological crisis intervention to promote the patient's compliance behaviors to relieve depression,anxiety,factors that place to reduce their psychological burden,and improving self-care ability of patients to improve their lives quality,and enhance their self-confidence so that they live with greater dignity.

[目的]探讨"5.12"地震伤残人员的后方救治和心理危机干预的效果。[方法]采用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、症状自评量表以及自设问卷对"5.12"地震后收治的177例病人进行调查并根据调查结果给予针对性的康复护理及心理危机干预。[结果]地震伤员都不同程度地发生心理问题和自理能力缺陷问题。[结论]早期心理危机干预和康复护理可促进伤员生理、心理和社会功能的全面康复。

Objective:Explore the night shift nurses,physical condition and psychological counseling strategies,in order to promote the mental health of nurses.Methods:Using the Symp tom Checklist90,WK Zung's Anxiety Scale(SAS) issued 104 copies of scale to evaluate 104 night shift nurses and to analyze their physical and mental condition.Results:SCL-90 Total: 138.44 ± 47.95,more than 160 in 21 cases,accounting for 21.65%;number of positive items: 29.0309 ± 22.1413,more than 43 in 25 cases,accounting for 25.77%,any factor more than 2 hours were 97 cases of,the ratio was 100%.SAS standard scores:less than 50 minutes are free of anxiety,13 cases,accounting for 13.40%;50～59 were divided into mild anxiety,46 cases,accounting for 47.42%;60～69 were divided into moderate anxiety,34 cases,accounting for 35.05 %;69 points or more was severe anxiety,4 cases,accounting for 4.13%.Conclusion:Night shift nurses widespread anxiety.In order to help correct the face of night shift nurses,managers should strengthen the human-oriented management,mental health nurses to enhance their own self-maintenance,relying on a strong social support to maintain mental health.

目的:探讨心理危机干预降低老年住院患者抑郁水平的效果.方法:老年住院患者86例,随机分为观察组和对照组各43例,均积极对症治疗原发病.观察组同时进行健康教育、心理疏导等心理危机干预.结果:治疗前2组抑郁量表(SDS)评分均明显高于国内常模(57.3±9.9、55.1±10.6、41.9±10.6,P<0.05);治疗2周后,观察组抑郁发生率明显低于对照组(30.2%、48.8%,P<0.05).结论:在积极治疗并施以基础护理的同时实施心理危机干预,可降低老年住院患者抑郁水平.

Objective:To probe into the causes and nursing strategies of depression occurrence of cerebral apoplexy patients.Methods:A total of 76 cerebral apoplexy patients were evaluated by adopting Zung self-rating depression scale(SDS),social rating support scale(SRSS),NIH stroke scale,ADL inventory(BI)and self-designed questionnaire.And the causes of depression occurrence of cerebral apoplexy patients have been analyzed.Results:The occurrence of depression in cerebral apoplexy patients was not related to their age,gender,invasive place and invasive nature,but was related to complications(diabetes mellitus),history of apoplexy,degrees of neurologic impairment,daily life self-care ability,medical burden and social support.Totally 37 cases(48.7%)were with depressive symptoms.Among them,19.7% cases were with mild degree of depression,15.8% with moderate depression,and 13.2% with severe degree depression.And 37.2% of patients were with mild neurologic impairment,41.7% with moderate,and 81.3% with severe degree neurologic impairment.The incidence of depression among patients without medical burden was 40.8%,among patients with some medical burden was 41.7%,and among patients with very heavy medical burden was 80.0%.The incidence of depression among patients of good,moderate and poor daily life self-care ability were 28.6%,55.0% and 76.2% respectively.There were significant differences among three groups(P < 0.05).It showed a negative correlation between social support rating scale total scorings(r =-0.31)and subjective support scorings(r=-0.27)(P <0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of depression among acute phase apoplexy patients is higher.It was related to daily life ability,neurologic impairment,complications,social support system and medical burden of patients.Therefore,as one provide nursing care for patients with cerebral apoplexy in acute phase,one should pay attention to above mentioned aspects and provide unified holistic nursing intervention,enhance compliance behaviors of patients.One should also eliminate those factors of depression happening,enhance self-care ability for patients and promote the quality of life for them.

[目的]探讨脑卒中病人急性期采取康复护理干预的方法和效果。[方法]对100例脑卒中病人,采用以各年龄分层区组随机化的方法纳入实验组和对照组各50例,成立护理干预质控小组,实验组由专职康复训练成员进行系统的、规范化的康复护理干预,对照组进行神经内科常规护理,采用NIH脑卒中量表、ADL评定量表(BI)、社会支持评定量表(SRSS)、简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表(FMA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对病人进行评分,比较两组得分情况。[结果]分别于入选时、1个月后、2个月后由同一个专职康复人员进行评定,在急性期采取康复护理干预的实验组病人致残率明显低于对照组。[结论]早期进行康复训练、心理护理、社会心理支持等护理干预,可以引导出病人正确的运动模式,减轻残障,最大限度地恢复病人的自理能力,减轻家庭和社会负担,提高病人生活质量。

异位骨化(heterotopic ossification,HO)是指在正常情况下不具有骨化性质的组织中的骨形成,其特点是在关节周围的软组织中形成新骨,里面包裹有坏死组织、碎骨、血液等,是脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)常见并发症,发病率10%～53%,儿童及非创伤性脊髓病HO的发生率较低,常见于20～40岁的患者[1].HO常发生在脊髓损伤平面以下,髋关节常见,其次为膝、肘和肩关节,手和脊柱也可受累[2].HO的发生机制目前尚不清楚.但与体液、神经-免疫系统[3]有着密切的关系.