目的 了解2022年9月5日泸定地震中受灾居民在灾后重建时期的心理状态,为心理干预及康复提供依据.方法 采用12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、事件影响量表修订版(IES-R)、创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PCL-C)、躯体化症状自评量表(SSS)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)调查受灾居民在灾后重建时期的一般心理状态、应激状态及幸福感.选择非参数秩和检验、x2检验、Spearman秩相关及非条件二分类Logistic回归进行数据分析.结果 本研究调查了 214名受灾居民.结果 提示灾后重建时期GHQ-12、IES-R、PCL-C和SSS总分分别为29(24,31)分、38(23,49)分、35(30,46)分和42(34,51)分,GHQ-12、IES-R和SSS总分均高于成人常模;而GWB总分为82(66,90)分.在灾后重建时期,调查对象GHQ-12检出率在性别和地区方面差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).IES-R和PCL-C总分或检出率在不同性别、年龄段或地区差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).受灾居民的SSS总分及检出率在不同地区差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).受灾居民的GWB总分在不同地区差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),检出率与性别和年龄段有关.灾后重建时期受灾居民GWB总分与GHQ-12、IES-R、PCL-C和SSS得分均呈负相关.结论 在地震灾后重建时期受灾群体的心理状态普遍较差,幸福感较低,应激水平较高.需要加强对受灾居民的心理援助和社会支持.

目的 探索简短认知行为治疗对住院突发性聋患者负性情绪的疗效.方法 采集入院2小时内危机干预定式评估标准分值≥13分的突发性聋患者144例,随机分为对照组和试验组各72例,对照组实施常规治疗、护理,试验组根据Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分对患者负性情绪评估后,在常规治疗、护理同时给予简短认知行为治疗2周.比较两组治疗前后危机干预、SAS、SDS评分.结果 两组患者治疗前入院2小时两组危机干预评分、SAS、SDS标准分值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2周后,两组危机干预评分、SAS、SDS标准分值均低于干预前,且试验组评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组治疗后总有效率95.8％明显优于对照组86.1％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 简短认知行为治疗可有效改善住院突发性聋患者负性情绪.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of psychological nursing in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 180 pediatric patients with bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study from June 2015 to June 2016 at our hospital.90 patients were given routine nursing care and designated as the control group.Another 90 patients received intensive psychological nursing on the basis of routine nursing care,and were divided into the observation group.The therapeutic efficacy,patients' life quality and nursing satisfaction was analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results The therapeutic efficacy in the observation group was 95.6 %,which was significantly higher than that of the control group (83.3 %) (P<0.05).And one month after discharge,the life quality in both groups was significantly improved than that before hospitalization (P<0.05).The quality of life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (97.8 % vs.92.2 %),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Intensive psychological nursing can significantly relieve the clinical symptoms of pediatric bronchial asthma,improve the therapeutic efficacy and nursing satisfaction.

Objective:To study the clinical effect of psychological problems and nursing intervention in the treat-ment of pediatric patients.Methods:120 cases of children with pneumonia admitted in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to their admission sequence, each group had a total of 60 cases.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given psychological nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.The incidence of psychological problems in two groups of parents was compared between the two groups,and the improvement of depression and anxiety were com-pared between the two groups.The total effective rate of the two groups was observed.Results:Group the incidence of psychological problems was 16.67% in the observation results after treatment,significantly lower than the control group 78.33%(χ2=45.748,P<0.05);The two groups before nursing SAS and SDS score compared with no signifi-cant difference;Nursing observation group SAS and SDS scorse were significantly lower than the control group(t=15.590,14.584;P<0.05);The total efficiency of the observation group was 95%,significantly higher than that of control group 66.67%(χ2=15.545,P<0.05).Conclusion:The clinical effect of relieving psychological problems and nursing intervention in pediatric treatment is significant,which is worthy of clinical application.

目的：探讨早期心理干预对地震伤员心理康复的影响。方法：干预前后采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和总体幸福感量表（GWB）测试并作统计比较。结果：早期心理干预后，地震伤员的症状自评量表（SCL-90）得分显著降低，总体幸福感量表（GWB）得分显著增加（ P＜00．5）。结论：早期心理干预对地震伤员心理康复有显著效果。

After 4.20 Ya'an Lushan strong earthquake, as a front-line medical relief hospital ,we achieve a orderly,effective post-earthquake medical relief work hrough rapid response, organization and coordination, division of labor, timely diversion, ful integration of resources and a series of initiatives . So we sort out series of initiatives of Ya'an People's Hospital in the earthquake relief, formed the formation medical rescue Ya'an modes of a front-line municipal hospital for use of similar disasters after the accident, in order to achieve optimal treatment goal, maximum degree of reduction in mortality and disability rates.

<正>在新生儿监护病房(NICU)中,对于严重感染的新生儿,为了提高抗感染疗效,常选用2种抗生素联合用药,其中注射用美罗培南联合盐酸万古霉素常是被选对象。然而在临床护理工作中,笔者发现这2种药物混合后,注射器内出现白色浑浊。查阅这2种药物说明书及《400种中西药注射剂临床配伍应用检索表》[1],没有发现这2种药物配伍禁忌的记载。现报道如下。

目的 探讨运动训练对COPD患者肺功能的影响.方法 将COPD患者随机分为对照组和运动训练组各50例,对照组采用传统一般内科治疗方法,运动训练组根据患者病情制定系统运动训练方案,包括健康教育指导、呼吸肌锻炼、有效咳嗽排痰训练、整体运动训练,要求患者和家属参照执行.目的:1年后,运动训练组患者肺功能测定第1s用力呼气量(FEV1)、第1s用力呼气量占预计值的百分比(FEV1/预计值*100%)较对照组有明显提高(P<0.05).结论 COPD患者制定系统的运动训练方案能明显改善患者的肺功能.

目的对PICU住院患儿预防压疮进行效果观察。方法对PICU住院经过压疮筛查的265例高危患儿用橡胶手套自制成水袋预防压疮,观察应用过程及效果反映。结果无一例压疮发生。结论使用自制橡胶手套水袋可以预防压疮的发生。

目的 比较1个月至6岁年龄段肺炎患儿应用振动排痰机和传统叩背排痰的效果.方法 将80例肺炎患儿按收治日期分为振动排痰机组40例和传统叩背排痰组40例.两组患儿均按常规使用抗生素、雾化吸入治疗并使用振动排痰或实施传统叩背排痰后吸痰,治疗5d后观察两组患儿肺部体征变化、咳嗽程度、气急症状、肺部啰音,比较两种治疗方法 对患儿的效果.结果 两种治疗方法 疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 振动排痰机的振动作用均衡稳定且省力,效果优于传统叩背排痰.

目的:探讨采取护理干预的方法对乳腺癌围手术期患者康复效果的影响。方法:对60例乳腺癌手术患者,采用随机化的方法纳入试验组和对照组各30例,试验组进行康复护理干预,对照组进行常规护理,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SRSS)对患者进行评分,比较两组得分情况。结果:分别于入选时、手术后2周进行评定,试验组患者平均住院时间缩短,术后不适、并发症、PSQI总分、SDS标准分明显低于对照组,SRSS总分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期进行康复肢体功能训练、心理行为干预、饮食干预、家庭社会情感支持等护理干预,可以教会患者正确的运动模式,降低术后并发症,缩短住院时间,提高患者生活质量。

目的 调查我院直肠癌结肠造口患者的知识需求,为他们提供行之有效的帮助.方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷及Zung氏抑郁、Zung氏焦虑量表对79例直肠癌患者进行调查,收集资料进行分析.结果 发现直肠癌患者在局部护理、术后饮食、心理支持、术前术后健康教育知识等方面存在强烈要求.结论 采用多样化的健康教育方法,针对性对患者进行健康教育,使患者尽早实现自我护理,提高自护能力,克服心理障碍,提高患者的生活质量.

Objective:Of elderly inpatients of depression,anxiety,the causes and nursing measures.Methods:Using Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Social Support Rating Scale (SRSS),and self-evaluation of 86 cases of a questionnaire-based elderly patients,Analysis of depression and anxiety can occur because the patient's sex,level of medical costs,and social support and other relevant.Results:The burden of higher health care of elderly patients with depression, anxiety and the incidence rate of 67.44% for the medical burden of elderly patients with minor depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 32.56%;Social Support Rating Scale total score(r=-0.31) and subjective support scores(r=-0.27) was negatively correlated (p<0.05);Women hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 54.65%,men hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 45.35%. Conclusion:Elderly patients with depression,anxiety,higher rate of incidence with the patient's social support system,gender,medical burden,the level of a great relationship,Consequently,we are caring for elderly patients should pay attention to the above aspects of early psychological crisis intervention to promote the patient's compliance behaviors to relieve depression,anxiety,factors that place to reduce their psychological burden,and improving self-care ability of patients to improve their lives quality,and enhance their self-confidence so that they live with greater dignity.

通过探讨采取放松训练的护理干预方法对乳腺癌同手术期患者康复效果的作用,得出结论:进行放松训练可以降低患者的焦虑、抑郁水平,降低术后并发症,缩短住院时间,提高患者生活质量.

Objective:Explore the night shift nurses,physical condition and psychological counseling strategies,in order to promote the mental health of nurses.Methods:Using the Symp tom Checklist90,WK Zung's Anxiety Scale(SAS) issued 104 copies of scale to evaluate 104 night shift nurses and to analyze their physical and mental condition.Results:SCL-90 Total: 138.44 ± 47.95,more than 160 in 21 cases,accounting for 21.65%;number of positive items: 29.0309 ± 22.1413,more than 43 in 25 cases,accounting for 25.77%,any factor more than 2 hours were 97 cases of,the ratio was 100%.SAS standard scores:less than 50 minutes are free of anxiety,13 cases,accounting for 13.40%;50～59 were divided into mild anxiety,46 cases,accounting for 47.42%;60～69 were divided into moderate anxiety,34 cases,accounting for 35.05 %;69 points or more was severe anxiety,4 cases,accounting for 4.13%.Conclusion:Night shift nurses widespread anxiety.In order to help correct the face of night shift nurses,managers should strengthen the human-oriented management,mental health nurses to enhance their own self-maintenance,relying on a strong social support to maintain mental health.

[目的]探讨脑卒中病人急性期采取康复护理干预的方法和效果。[方法]对100例脑卒中病人,采用以各年龄分层区组随机化的方法纳入实验组和对照组各50例,成立护理干预质控小组,实验组由专职康复训练成员进行系统的、规范化的康复护理干预,对照组进行神经内科常规护理,采用NIH脑卒中量表、ADL评定量表(BI)、社会支持评定量表(SRSS)、简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表(FMA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对病人进行评分,比较两组得分情况。[结果]分别于入选时、1个月后、2个月后由同一个专职康复人员进行评定,在急性期采取康复护理干预的实验组病人致残率明显低于对照组。[结论]早期进行康复训练、心理护理、社会心理支持等护理干预,可以引导出病人正确的运动模式,减轻残障,最大限度地恢复病人的自理能力,减轻家庭和社会负担,提高病人生活质量。

Objective: To discuss the effect of improving inpatient satisfactory to better nursing service. Method: Using inpatient satisfaction questionnaire to investigate the inpatients from year 2003 to 2004, obtain the overall average satisfaction rate and single item average satisfaction rate, and compare with year 2002's results. Results: After carrying out single item satisfaction analysis, nursing managers found out the distance between nursing service and patient requirement and adopted corresponding measurement to change the service idea of nurses, to strengthen the supervision and inspection, and to provide follow-up service after discharge. These measures improved the nurses' active service consciousness, active study consciousness, legal concept, the service quality, and the operation skills. The average satisfaction rate rose up from 80.16% in 2002 to 95.45% in 2004, and every single item average satisfaction rate shot up. Conclusion: The analysis about single item satisfaction based on general patient satisfaction could become a guide of nursing service, and nursing managers could realize the continuous improvement of nursing service through a series of effective actions.

目的探讨呼吸功能训练对30例择期上腹部手术患者肺功能的影响.方法选取进行上腹部手术的患者30例,术前进行束腹深胸式呼吸训练和有效的咳嗽排痰训练,入院后第2天和术前1 d做血气分析,观察比较患者训练前后肺功能指标的变化.结果训练前后患者的R、SaO2、PaO2、PaCO2比较,差异有显著性意义(t=12.23、9.25、10.18、13.35,均P＜0.01).结论呼吸功能训练可改善患者的肺功能,提高其对手术的耐受性,减少肺部并发症的发生.